Movement disorders are associated with schizotypy in unaffected siblings of patients with non-affective psychosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 2141-2147 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Koning ◽  
D. E. Tenback ◽  
R. S. Kahn ◽  
M. G. Vollema ◽  
W. Cahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Movement Disorders ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Involuntary Movement ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Vulnerability Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Affective Psychosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

BackgroundMovement disorders and schizotypy are both prevalent in unaffected siblings of patients with schizophrenia and both are associated with the risk of developing psychosis or schizophrenia. However, to date there has been no research into the association between these two vulnerability factors in persons with an increased genetic risk profile. We hypothesized that unaffected siblings of patients with non-affective psychosis have more movement disorders and schizotypy than healthy controls and that these co-occur.MethodIn a cross-sectional design we assessed the prevalence and inter-relationship of movement disorders and schizotypy in 115 unaffected siblings (mean age 27 years, 44% males) and 100 healthy controls (mean age 26 years, 51% males). Movement disorders were measured with the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS), the Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), the Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale (BARS), and one separate item for dystonia. Schizotypy was assessed with the Structured Interview for Schizotypy – Revised (SIS-R).ResultsThere were significant differences in the prevalence of movement disorders in unaffected siblings versus healthy controls (10% v. 1%, p<0.01) but not in the prevalence of schizotypy. Unaffected siblings with a movement disorder displayed significantly more positive and total schizotypy (p=0.02 and 0.03 respectively) than those without. In addition, dyskinesia correlated with positive schizotypy (r=0.51, p=0.02).ConclusionsThe association between movement disorders (dyskinesia in particular) with positive and total schizotypy in unaffected siblings suggests that certain vulnerability factors for psychosis or schizophrenia cluster in a subgroup of subjects with an increased genetic risk of developing the disease.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Pain between Parkinson’s Disease and Multiple System Atrophy: A Clinical Cross-Sectional Survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
He-Yang You ◽  
Lei Wu ◽  
Hai-Ting Yang ◽  
Chen Yang ◽  
Xiao-Ling Ding
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Multiple System Atrophy ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Disease Rating ◽  
Vas Scores

Background. Pain is frequent in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Parkinson-plus syndrome. This study aimed to assess the prevalence, characteristics, therapy (especially the effect of dopaminergic therapy), and associated symptoms of pain in Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy (MSA) patients. Methods. Seventy-one PD patients, sixty-five MSA patients, and forty age-matched healthy controls were enrolled and evaluated by using the German pain questionnaire and visual analogue scale (VAS). In addition, the influence of pain in PD patients on anxiety, depression, and the quality of life was assessed with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39). Results. Compared to that of the healthy controls, the PD and MSA patients had a significantly higher presence of pain (P<0.01, P<0.01). PD patients had a higher presence of pain than MSA patients (P=0.007). No difference in VAS scores was observed between the PD and MSA patients (P=0.148). A total of 21 PD patients (42.85%) with pain and 13 MSA patients (43.33%) with pain received treatment. A total of 13 PD patients with pain and 6 MSA patients with pain had an improved pain intensity after using dopaminergic medication. The differences in the disease duration, Hoehn and Yahr stages, and scores on the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale motor score, HAD-D, HAD-A, and PDQ-39 were significant between the PD patients with and without pain. Conclusion. PD and MSA patients are prone to pain with insufficient treatment. Pain interventions should be provided as soon as possible to improve the patient’s life.

scholarly journals Correlation Between Level of Depression and Risk of Suicide in Elderly at Purwodadi, Grobogan

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Rilla Fiftina Hadi ◽  
Titis Hadiati ◽  
Natalia Dewi Wardani
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Severity Rating ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Abstract Background: According to WHO, the elderly people have physical and mental challenges, including depression. The incidence of depression lead to suicide on elderly is about 12.7%. In Grobogan Regency, Purwodadi, Central Java, there has been an increase of depression in the last 5 years. Purwodadi Subdistrict depends on the number of orders with the highest number of traffic cases and the elderly.Objective: To determine the correlation between depression level and the risk of suicide.Methods: This research is a quantitative study with cross sectional design in which all respondents were observed and variables were measured at one time. Samples were taken from elderly outpatient of primary health care and Posyandu lansia at Purwodadi, who met the inclusion and exclusion criterias. Research samples were selected based on nonprobability sampling method through purposive sampling. This research used the Indonesian version of the GDS (Geriatric Depression Scale) and CSSRS (Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale) questionnaire.Results: The prevalence of elderly depression is 63.3%, and a significant correlation was found between severe depression and low risk of suicide (p <0.05)Conclusion: significant correlation was found between severe depression and low risk of suicide

Motor neurological soft signs are strongly correlated with verbal fluency among patients with schizophrenia attending UKMMC psychiatric clinic

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1533-1533
Author(s):  
H. Zakaria ◽  
A.H. Abdul Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Involuntary Movement ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Brain Dysfunction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychiatric Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neurological Soft Signs ◽  
Trail Making

IntroductionNeurological soft signs (NSS) are subtle indicator of brain dysfunction, which are present in excess among patients with schizophrenia. Its clinical significance remains unclear despite extensive researches.ObjectiveTo determine the proportion of schizophrenia patients who have motor NSS and then to compare the performance in verbal fluency between these two groups; with and without motor NSS.MethodThis cross-sectional study utilized the Brief Motor Scale (BMS) to investigate the presence of motor NSS in 80 schizophrenia patients attended Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC) psychiatric clinic. The diagnosis was confirmed by Mini International Neuropsychiatic Interview (MINI). Symptomatology and abnormal motor movement were assessed using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) respectively. A brief battery of cognitive tests covering aspects of attention, working memory and executive function was administered. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were applied to look for any relationship between study factors.ResultsMajority of schizophrenia patients (68.8%) in this study have motor NSS. The motor NSS were correlated with verbal fluency, digit span forward, digit span backward, and trail making B but not with trail making A (p < 0.05). However, verbal fluency was the only factor that remained significantly correlated with motor NSS after multivariate analysis.ConclusionsThe assessment of motor NSS represents a brief, inexpensive and meaningful tool in psychiatry. Together with verbal fluency, it has the potential as an illness marker and a link between neurobiological research and clinical practice.

Factors associated with depression in Parkinson’s disease: a cross-sectional study in a Polish population

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 516-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hubert M. Wichowicz ◽  
Jarosław Sławek ◽  
Mirosława Derejko ◽  
Wiesław Jerzy Cubała
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Polish Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Disability Scale ◽  
Yahr Scale ◽  
Specific Outcome

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and factors influencing depression in PD patients in a cross-sectional outpatient clinic - based Polish patients sample.Materials and methodsOne hundred consecutive PD patients were included in this study; 35 of them fulfilled DSM-IV criteria for Major Depression and its severity was assessed with Montgomery–Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). A structured interview and a neurological examination, including Hoehn and Yahr scale (H–Y), Schwab–England disability scale, II, III, IV parts of Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were performed. The parameters obtained were analysed between the depressed and non-depressed PD patients.ResultsThe prevalence of depression in PD in Polish population was established at the level of 35%. PD patients with depression scored significantly higher in all UPDRS scales (except for the subscale of clinical fluctuation) and in H–Y scale. PD with depression was also associated with longer PD duration, higher doses of L-dopa equivalents, patients' age, general impairment of daily living in Schwab and England disability scale, lower MMSE and higher clinical fluctuations. However, those six differences were insignificant.ConclusionsDepression prevalence rate among PD patients in Polish population is slightly lower than in most of other published studies. This may result from strict selection criteria, use of specific outcome measures and restricted criteria for depression that were applied.

scholarly journals The Role of Nurse in the Form of Palliative Care on the Quality of Life of Patients with Cervical Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Rita Kirana ◽  
Tut Barkinah ◽  
Vonny Khresna Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nurse Role ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Question Form

The diagnosis of cervical cancer has become a big burden for both patients and families. Most patients with advanced stage cancer have a low quality of life score which indicates they have a problem. while the family may not be ready to carry out its role in the quality of life of patients with cervical cancer. The objective of this research was to identify the correlation of nurse support in the form of palliative care on the quality of life of patients with cervical cancer. This research employed cross-sectional design. Population in this research was all patients with cervical cancer in gynecology ward in Banjarmasin. Participant for this research were patients with cervical cancer and nurses. Data were taken by structured interview and task question form. Linear regression analysis was applied with level of significance ≤0.05. The results shown that most nurses ha good level of their role in the form of palliative care while most patients also have moderate level of quality of life. Also there are significance correlations of nurse role in the form of palliative care on the quality of life of patients with cervical cancer. Keywords: cervical cancer; quality of life; palliative care; nurse; role

scholarly journals Status stres psikososial dan hubungannya dengan status gizi siswa SMP Stella Duce 1 Yogyakarta

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Mutiara Tirta Prabandari Lintang Kusuma ◽  
Ronny Tri Wirasto ◽  
Emy Huriyati
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Psychosocial Stress ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Food Habit ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Readjustment Rating Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
X 24 ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Adolescent is a transition phase from childhood to adulthood that marked by the change on physical, mental and psychosocial aspect. Adaptation on the change that people met in their life is called psychosocial stress. Stress makes a change on food habit and a disturbance on nutrition’s absorbance. Those circumstances affect people’s nutritional status.Objectives: To identify the correlation between psychosocial stress and nutritional status among SMP Stella Duce 1 Yogyakarta’s students.Methods: This study was an observational study which used a cross sectional design. It held by quantitative approach to identify the relationship between psychosocial stress and nutritional status. Subject of the study were 85 students of SMP Stella Duce 1 Yogyakarta. Respondent’s identities were collected by using identity questionnaire. Psychosocial stress’s status was collected by using SRRS questionnaire (social readjustment rating scale) that was modified for adolescent. Respondent’s calories intakes were assessed by using the form food recall 3 x 24 h. Anthropometrics data collected were weight and height. The adjustment of psychosocial stress’s status used SRRS questionnaires. Calories intake were measured by using nutrition software (Fp2). Student’s nutritional status was measured by using Epi 2000 software. Relationship’s analysis among variables uses statistical test of SPSS 12.00, with the correlation or linear regression test.Result: From this study, 49.4% (42 people) have normal nutritional status, 4.7 % at under nutrition level, 25.9% at risk of obesity, and 20% obesity. From the measurement of psychosocial stress’s score, there were 61.2% (52 people) in a non-tress condition, while the other was on stress at different level. Statistical test showed that there was no relationship between psychosocial stress and nutritional status (p > 0.05).Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between psychosocial stress and nutritional status among SMP Stella Duce 1 Yogyakarta’s students.

scholarly journals Assessment of Antepartum Depression and its Effect on Pregnancy Outcome in Two Primary Health Care Units in Qaliobia Governorate, Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (E) ◽  
pp. 447-454
Author(s):  
Ola Mostafa ◽  
Mervat El-Rafie ◽  
Eman T. Al Sayed ◽  
Mohamed A. Khalil ◽  
Sherry M. Zaki
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Birth Outcome ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Neonatal Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Antepartum Depression

Background: Depression during pregnancy occurs more often than most people realize. Early detection of depression during pregnancy is critical because depression can adversely affect birth outcome and neonatal health. Mental health care during pregnancy is a serious public health issue. Objectives: to estimate the prevalence of antepartum depression and its effects on pregnancy outcome; among pregnant women in the last trimester,living in rural Egypt. Methods: the first part of the study was cross sectional; to assess the prevalence of antepartum depression. This was followed by a prospective part to detect the effects of antepartum depression on the outcome of pregnancy. The sample size was 300 consented women. A structured interview questionnaire was designed including socio-demographic and economic data, obstetric history, and neonatal information. Hamilton Rating Scale was used to detect the prevalence and level of Depression   Results: 68.7% of sampled women suffered from antepartum depression.  The incidence of low birth weight was (4%), and about one fifth of babies were admitted in NICU in the first month. Death in first month of life was (3%). The only significant predictor of unfavorable birth outcome using logistic regression was depression level. Females with severe depression were 9.43 at higher risk to have unfavorable birth outcome than normal ones. Also females with moderate depression had 1.4 higher risk to have unfavorable birth outcome than females without depression. Conclusion: (68.7%) of women suffered from depression during pregnancy. Increasing level of depression was significantly associated with adverse birth outcome. Key Words: depression, pregnancy, mental health, ANC, neonatal health.

scholarly journals The Chinese Mandarin Version of the Crisis Triage Rating Scale for Taiwanese with Mental Illness to Compulsory Hospitalization

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 13392
Author(s):  
Shuo-Yen Ting ◽  
Tsuo-Hung Lan ◽  
Lih-Jong Shen ◽  
Chun-Yuan Lin ◽  
Shih-Kai Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Youden Index ◽  
Validity Index ◽  
Psychiatric Admission ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Psychiatric Center ◽  
Chinese Mandarin

Background: A controversial issue of the need to protect human rights and ensure public safety still remains a conflict in Taiwan. The purpose of this study was to translate the Crisis Triage Rating Scale to Chinese Mandarin (CMCTRS). Method: A cross-sectional design with convenient sampling was employed in this study. The CMCTRS was tested on 302 Taiwanese individuals with mental illness who were admitted to the emergency room (ER) of a psychiatric center. A higher score indicated a greater need for mandatory psychiatric admission. Psychiatrists rated the patients’ status according to three scale criteria and six action plans of recommendations. Results: Five specialists evaluated the content validity index to be 0.8. A total of 210 participants (69.5%) were deemed suitable for compulsory hospitalization or admission for observation in ER. The optimal cut-off score was 8, with a Youden Index of 1.46, a sensitivity of 0.748, and a specificity of 0.712 in deciding the need for hospitalization or observation. Conclusions: The CMCTRS exhibited an acceptable criterion validity with psychiatrists in a population of 302 patients at the ER of a psychiatric center. A cut-off point of 8 is recommended for determining hospitalization or a minimum 24 h stay at emergency for observation.

scholarly journals Using the Many-Facet Rasch Model to analyse and evaluate the quality of objective structured clinical examination: a non-experimental cross-sectional design

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e029208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Tavakol ◽  
Gill Pinner
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Rasch Model ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Objective Structured Clinical Examination ◽  
Student Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Information Giving ◽  
Experimental Cross ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

ObjectivesSources of bias, such as the examiners, domains and stations, can influence the student marks in objective structured clinical examination (OSCE). This study describes the extent to which the facets modelled in an OSCE can contribute to scoring variance and how they fit into a Many-Facet Rasch Model (MFRM) of OSCE performance. A further objective is to identify the functioning of the rating scale used.DesignA non-experimental cross-sectional design.Participants and settingsAn MFRM was used to identify sources of error (eg, examiner, domain and station), which may influence the student outcome. A 16-station OSCE was conducted for 329 final year medical students. Domain-based marking was applied, each station using a sample from eight defined domains across the whole OSCE. The domains were defined as follows: communication skills, professionalism, information gathering, information giving, clinical interpretation, procedure, diagnosis and management. The domains in each station were weighted to ensure proper attention to the construct of the individual station. Four facets were assessed: students, examiners, domains and stations.ResultsThe results suggest that the OSCE data fit the model, confirming that an MFRM approach was appropriate to use. The variable map allows a comparison with and between the facets of students, examiners, domains and stations and the 5-point score for each domain with each station as they are calibrated to the same scale. Fit statistics showed that the domains map well to the performance of the examiners. No statistically significant difference between examiner sensitivity (3.85 logits) was found. However, the results did suggest examiners were lenient and that some behaved inconsistently. The results also suggest that the functioning of response categories on the 5-point rating scale need further examination and optimisation.ConclusionsThe results of the study have important implications for examiner monitoring and training activities, to aid assessment improvement.

scholarly journals Assessment of the menopausal symptoms of women by using the menopausal rating scale

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1436
Author(s):  
Shweta Pradhan ◽  
Anupama Dave
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Working Women ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Menopausal Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Menopause

Background: Although menopause is a universal phenomenon, there is a considerable variation among women regarding the manifestation of menopausal signs and symptoms. Symptoms experienced with the menopausal transition and early post menopause are varied and span both physical and psychological domains. Therefore, a need is felt to evaluate menopausal symptoms on a pretested scale to provide a subjective and clinically reproducible picture of menopausal symptoms.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in MYH ,Indore Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, from July 2016 to December 2016.A pretested,  semi structured, interview based, oral questionnaire was used to assess the menopausal symptoms and their severity in women of age group 35 to 65 years attending MYH, Indore OPD, using MRS scale and to evaluate these symptoms in perimenopausal as compared to postmenopausal women.Results: The results were evaluated for psychological (P), somatic (S), and urogenital (U) symptoms. A significantly higher percentage of perimenopausal women  showed a P score of ≥7; while a higher percentage of postmenopausal showed S score and U score ≥7 ;p ≤ (0.001).Working women seem to suffer more from psychological symptoms whereas nonworking women showed a greater incidence of somatic symptoms.Conclusions: The present study revealed that proportion of menopausal symptoms was significantly high and there was variation of severity of menopausal symptoms with any of the socio demographic variables, menopausal status or duration of menopause.

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