Subjective cognitive complaints across the adult life span: a 14-year analysis of trends and associations using the 1993, 2000 and 2007 English Psychiatric Morbidity Surveys

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 1977-1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Begum ◽  
M. Dewey ◽  
A. Hassiotis ◽  
M. Prince ◽  
S. Wessely ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Cognitive Complaints ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Adult Life Span

BackgroundCognitive complaints are common in all age groups but most often researched in old age. We aimed to investigate prevalences and time trends over 14 years of subjective memory complaints (SMC) and subjective concentration complaints (SCC) in adults and investigate associations with mood disorders and cognitive function.MethodData from three English national mental health surveys carried out in 1993, 2000 and 2007 were analysed. SMC and SCC were measured using the Clinical Interview Schedule – Revised and cognitive function using the modified Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status.ResultsBoth SMC and SCC increased up to middle age and then declined, followed by a second rise in the very oldest age groups. Age-specific prevalence of both increased across survey years but relationships with mental health and cognitive outcomes were relatively stable.ConclusionsCognitive complaints are most common in middle age and have become more prevalent over time.

Prevalence of Mental Disorders, Health-related Quality of Life, and Service Utilization across the Adult Life Span

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (04) ◽  
pp. 227-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Jacobi ◽  
J. Groß
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Adult Life Span ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

SummaryMental disorders are widely common and are associated with various costs, both for the individual and for society. DEGS1-MH is the mental-health module of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey (DEGS1) and offers representative data on mental health in Germany. The present paper presents data on 12-month prevalence of mental disorders according to DSM-IV-TR, mental and physical health-related quality of life, and self-reported service utilization due to mental health problems across the adult life span (age 18-79 in six age groups). With 37.7%, young adults (age 18-29) show the highest 12-month prevalence and lowest self-reported mental health-related quality of life. In contrast, the group of older adults (age 60-79) show the lowest 12-month prevalence (19.7%) and report highest mental health-related quality of life. In subjects with mental disorders, physical health-related quality of life is impaired as well, however, particularly in older age groups. Both young and older adults with a 12-month diagnosis use health-related service due to mental problems only very rarely.

Does old age reduce the risk of anxiety and depression? A review of epidemiological studies across the adult life span

2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. JORM
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Consistent Pattern ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Adult Life Span ◽  
Epidemiological Surveys ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Background. There is considerable disagreement about what happens to the risk of anxiety and depression disorders and symptoms as people get older.Methods. A search was made for studies that examine the occurrence of anxiety, depression or general distress across the adult life span. To be included, a study had to involve a general population sample ranging in age from at least the 30s to 65 and over and use the same assessment method at each age.Results. There was no consistent pattern across studies for age differences in the occurrence of anxiety, depression or distress. The most common trend found was for an initial rise across age groups, followed by a drop. Two major factors producing this variability in results were age biases in assessment of anxiety and depression and the masking effect of other risk factors that vary with age. When other risk factors were statistically controlled, a more consistent pattern emerged, with most studies finding a decrease in anxiety, depression and distress across age groups. This decrease cannot be accounted for by exclusion of elderly people in institutional care from epidemiological surveys or by selective mortality of people with anxiety or depression.Conclusion. There is some evidence that ageing is associated with an intrinsic reduction in susceptibility to anxiety and depression. However, longitudinal studies covering the adult life span are needed to distinguish ageing from cohort effects. More attention needs to be given to understanding the mechanism behind any ageing-related reduction in risk for anxiety and depression with age. Possible factors are decreased emotional responsiveness with age, increased emotional control and psychological immunization to stressful experiences.

Studying Post-Traumatic Growth Across the Adult Life Span

2021 ◽  
pp. 186-211
Author(s):  
Omar E. Staben ◽  
Molly J. Gardner ◽  
Frank J. Infurna ◽  
Suniya S. Luthar ◽  
Kevin J. Grimm
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Character Strengths ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Adult Life Span ◽  
Post Traumatic Growth ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Methodological Considerations

This chapter discusses conceptual and methodological considerations for studying post-traumatic growth across adulthood and into old age. Conceptual considerations that the authors focus on include examining character strengths and virtues longitudinally across multiple age groups and also the stability of these strengths and virtues across the life span. Methodological considerations elaborated are the use of convenience sampling in scale development and the importance of measurement invariance when examining character strengths in the context of post-traumatic growth. The authors provide examples from previous research on post-traumatic growth and discuss methods of measurement that could be utilized to enhance the validity of current measures. The chapter highlights the importance of character strengths and virtues and aims to solidify their role in the scientific community. Additionally, it highlights the need for more rigorous lines of scientific inquiry in this area due to its potential to impact healthy aging outcomes for persons across the adult life span.

scholarly journals Aging Does Not Affect Brain Patterns of Repetition Effects Associated with Perceptual Priming of Novel Objects

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 1762-1776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Soldan ◽  
Yunglin Gazes ◽  
H. John Hilton ◽  
Yaakov Stern
Keyword(s):  
Neural Plasticity ◽  
Repetition Priming ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Blood Oxygenation ◽  
Spatial Networks ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Repetition Effects ◽  
Adult Life Span ◽  
Perceptual Priming

This study examined how aging affects the spatial patterns of repetition effects associated with perceptual priming of unfamiliar visual objects. Healthy young (n = 14) and elderly adults (n = 13) viewed four repetitions of structurally possible and impossible figures while being scanned with blood oxygenation level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging. Although explicit recognition memory for the figures was reduced in the elder subjects, repetition priming did not differ across the two age groups. Using multivariate linear modeling, we found that the spatial networks of regions that demonstrated repetition-related increases and decreases in activity were identical in both age groups, although there was a trend for smaller magnitude repetition effects in these networks in the elder adults for objects that had been repeated thrice. Furthermore, repetition-related reductions in activity in the left inferior frontal cortex for possible objects correlated with repetition-related facilitation in reaction time across both young and elder subjects. Repetition-related increases of an initially negative response were observed for both object types in both age groups in parts of the default network, suggesting that less attention was required for processing repeated stimuli. These findings extend prior studies using verbal and semantic picture priming tasks and support the view that perceptual repetition priming remains intact in later adulthood because the same spatial networks of regions continue to show repetition-related neural plasticity across the adult life span.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic and clinical profile of patients attending a mental health camp: A study from Kanchanpur district of western Nepal

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
TA Khan ◽  
M Belbase
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Mental Health Policy ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Health Check ◽  
Age Group

Background: Mental health is an ignored area of general health care system despite the magnitude of problem and financial burden on families and whole country. In our country, psychiatric services are out of reach to majority of population because of inadequate mental health professionals, lack of awareness and lack of proper mental health policy. This study is conducted with the objective to know socio-demographic and diagnostic profile of patients from a mental health check up camp conducted at Belauri, Kanchanpur district from far western region of Nepal. Material and Methods: This is a descriptive study, comprised of all consecutive participants i.e. 128 patients attending Maryknoll mental health check up camp at Belauri town of Kanchanpur district, Nepal. The Study was performed in March 2013. Socio-demographic data and clinical diagnosis based on International Classification of Disease- 10 diagnostic research criteria were collected and analyzed.   Results: Out of 128 subjects studied, highest number of participants (35.94%) belonged to age group 21- 30 yrs followed by age group 11-20 yrs (18.75%) and age group 31-40 yrs (16.40%). The most common psychiatric morbidity was found to be Neurotic, stress related & somatoform disorders (23.45%) followed by mood disorder in 24 (18.75%) patients and Headache (Migraine & Tension type) in 18 (14.07%) patients.   Conclusion: The commonest age group affected with mental illness is younger age groups and Neurotic, stress related & somatoform disorders are the most common psychiatric morbidity followed by mood disorders. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpan.v2i2.9724   J Psychiatrists’ Association of Nepal Vol.2, No.2, 2013 35-38 

Age-Differences in Verbal Recognition Memory Revealed by ERP

2005 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders M. Fjell ◽  
Kristine B. Walhovd ◽  
Ivar Reinvang
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Adult Life Span ◽  
Linear Pattern ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Seventy-four participants (aged 20–82 years) went through a continuous performance recognition memory task with multiple repetitions of words and non-words while ERPs were recorded from the scalp. The old/new ERP effect (the difference in activation to stimuli correctly recognized as old and stimuli correctly recognized as new) for words but not non-words declined with increasing age in a linear pattern, but the relationship between the old/new effect and age varied throughout the ERP time window. Differences in topography between age groups were manifested in a frontal shift in activation for older age groups. Further, the data point to differences in semantic versus non-semantic processing across the adult life span, and it is concluded that specific cognitive memory processes are differentially involved at different ages.

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