scholarly journals Further Attempts at Dating the Palynological Sequence of the Hula L07 Core, Upper Jordan Valley, Israel

Radiocarbon ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (2B) ◽  
pp. 561-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Weinstein-Evron ◽  
J C Vogel ◽  
J Kronfeld
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
Jordan Valley ◽  
Radiocarbon Age ◽  
Uranium Series ◽  
The Core ◽  
Acid Leach ◽  
Total Digestion ◽  
Carbonate Material

The palynological sequence of the Hula L07 core was previously correlated with the global oxygen isotope stages 3–5, based on a radiocarbon age determination and comparison with other Levantine paleoclimatological curves. An attempt was made to validate this correlation with Th/U dating. Unlike typical European peat, which is acidic, the soil pH of the Hula peat is mildly basic. Not only does this contribute to the oxidation of palynomorphs, but it also helps to preserve the carbonate material that can be a variable mixture of allogenic, endogenic, and authigenic components. Each component may represent a different degree of uranium series disequilibrium. The thorium (232Th) concentrations of the carbonate are low. Total digestion or acid leach of the sample may not always enable the proper correction for initial thorium. The dating derived from a NaOH-extraction of the organic material, while giving apparently better ages, also suffers from the presence of the carbonate admixture. It appears that, while 14C dating can be considered suitable for the younger portions of the core, techniques based upon the U-series may not be as efficacious in dating this important record of climatic change.

scholarly journals Radiocarbon Dating of Porewater – Correction for Diffusion and Diagenetic Processes

Radiocarbon ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (2B) ◽  
pp. 765-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orit Sivan ◽  
Barak Herut ◽  
Yoseph Yechieli ◽  
Boaz Lazar
Keyword(s):  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Perfect Match ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
Water Interface ◽  
The Real ◽  
Radiocarbon Age ◽  
The Core

Two simple algorithms are suggested here to correct for the effect of diffusion and diagenetic sulfate reduction on radiocarbon age determination of marine porewater. The correction algorithms were developed from mass balances of sulfate, dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), and 14C of the DIC (14CDIC) in vertical concentrations profiles in porewater starting from the sediment water interface. The algorithms were tested on data collected during our recent study of sediment porewaters extracted from the deep Eastern Mediterranean. The real ages of these porewaters varied from present (top of the core) to approximately 30 ka BP (bottom of the core) covering most of the dynamic range of the 14C method (approximately 5 half lives). These ages were markedly older than the ages calculated from 14CDIC analyses by the regular age equation.It is clearly demonstrated that in this case the correction of the apparent age for diffusion across the sediment/water interface is overwhelmingly larger than the correction for the effect of sulfate reduction. The correction for the effect of 14C diffusion alone results in a perfect match between the calculated apparent 14C ages and the real ages of porewater and therefore is the preferred algorithm for correcting apparent ages of porewater.

Radiometric dating of hillslope calcrete in the Negev Desert, Israel

2008 ◽  
Vol 104 (11/12) ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C. Vogel ◽  
M.A. Geyh
Keyword(s):  
Open System ◽  
Negev Desert ◽  
Radiometric Dating ◽  
Jordan Valley ◽  
Partial Recrystallization ◽  
Uranium Series ◽  
Uranium Series Dating

The radiometric dating of calcrete is often problematical because impurities and open system conditions affect the apparent ages obtained. By applying both radiocarbon and uranium-series dating to calcrete in colluvium, it is shown that such conditions can be identified. In correlation with the stratigraphy, it is found that partial recrystallization severely decreases the radiocarbon ages of the upslope and shallower samples further down, whereas incorporation of limestone fragments from bedrock significantly increases the apparent ages of some of the uranium-series samples. It is concluded that the hillslope calcrete at the study site near Sede Beker in the Negev Desert, Israel, mainly developed shortly after 40 kyr ago, at a time when the Jordan Valley was being inundated to form the fossil Lake Lisan. Since their formation would have required higher rainfall than today, the results provide further evidence that the whole region was experiencing an increase in precipitation.

scholarly journals Grave of the Corded Ware culture from Węgrzce, Kraków District

2020 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
pp. 63-78
Author(s):  
Maciej Nowak ◽  
Barbara Musiał-Łaczek ◽  
Piotr Włodarczak
Keyword(s):  
Age Determination ◽  
Local Features ◽  
Radiocarbon Age ◽  
Funeral Rite ◽  
Detached House ◽  
Archaeological Excavations

Grave 3/2016 from site 3 in Węgrzce, Comm. Zielonki, Kraków District was discovered during archaeological excavations preceding construction of a detached house. This was a niche grave, holding two burials: a male aged 38–47 years, and a child 4–5 years old. The recorded funeral rite is characteristic of a cluster of Corded Ware culture cemeteries on the lower Dłubnia River, near Kraków. A vessel recovered from the grave reveals local features characteristic of that cluster. One radiocarbon age determination was obtained for the burial, pointing to ca. 2470–2350 BC as the most likely range. Thus, the grave links with the younger phase of the Final Eneolithic in Lesser Poland.

scholarly journals A Histochemical Study of the Organic Matrix of Hen Egg-Shells

1957 ◽  
Vol s3-98 (41) ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
K. SIMKISS ◽  
C. TYLER
Keyword(s):  
Organic Material ◽  
Histochemical Study ◽  
Organic Matrix ◽  
Acid Mucopolysaccharide ◽  
The Core ◽  
Spongy Layer ◽  
Egg Shells ◽  
Egg Shell ◽  
Protein Portion ◽  
Hen Egg

A study of the organic material of the hen egg-shell has been made by the use of recognized histochemical techniques. It has been found that, in the so-called spongy layer of the shell, the organic matrix consists of a protein / acid mucopolysaccharide complex. The organic material of the mammillary layer appears to be more concentrated in a central core, and is somewhat different in that it contains fat and a reducing substance. The protein / acid mucopolysaccharide complex is a collagen-like material, but is probably not collagen itself because the protein portion is low in hydroxyproline and the acid mucopolysaccharide is most likely mucoitin and not chondroitin sulphuric acid. The results are discussed in relation to shell calcification and it is suggested that the protein / acid mucopolysaccharide complex is first firmly attached to the keratin of the membrane, but once this is accomplished it links on to material of its own kind. Calcification proceeds simultaneously, but near the points of contact with the membrane (i.e. in the core of each mammilla) calcification is not so intense as it is in the rest of the shell.

A radiocarbon age determination for Mount Edgecumbe (Putauaki) volcano, Bay of Plenty, New Zealand

1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 559-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. D. Carroll ◽  
J. A. Gamble ◽  
B. F. Houghton ◽  
T. Thordarson ◽  
T. F. G. Higham
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
Radiocarbon Age

A Reassessment of U-Th and14C Ages for Late-Glacial High-Frequency Hydrological Events at Searles Lake, California

1998 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jo C. Lin ◽  
Wallace S. Broecker ◽  
Sidney R. Hemming ◽  
Irena Hajdas ◽  
Robert F. Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Radiocarbon Age ◽  
Abrupt Changes ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Glacial Time

U-Th isochron ages of tufas formed on shorelines suggest that the last pluvial event in Lake Lahontan and Searles Lake was synchronous at about 16,500 cal yr B.P. (equivalent to a radiocarbon age of between 14,000 and 13,500 yr B.P.), whereas the timing of this pluvial event determined by radiocarbon dating is on the order of 1000 yr younger. The timing of seven distinct periods of near desiccation in Searles Lake during late-glacial time has been reinvestigated for U-Th age determination by mass spectrometry. U-Th dating of evaporite layers in the interbedded mud and salt unit called the Lower Salt in Searles Lake was hampered by the uncertainty in assessing the initial 230Th/232Th of the samples. The resulting ages, corrected by a conservative range of initial 230Th/232Th ratios, suggest close correlation of the abrupt changes recorded in Greenland ice cores (Dansgaard-Oeschger events) and wet–dry conditions in Searles Lake between 35,000 and 24,000 cal yr B.P.

The Neolithic in The Cambridgeshire Fens

Antiquity ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 36 (141) ◽  
pp. 10-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. D. Clark ◽  
H. Godwin
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
Radiocarbon Age ◽  
Neolithic Culture ◽  
University Department ◽  
The University ◽  
North Western

By common consent the spread of Neolithic culture has been one of the first objectives of radiocarbon dating in north-western Europe. This is due primarily to the intrinsic historical importance of this process, but the fact that the inception of husbandry has left clear indicators in the palaeobotanical record means that decisive samples are readily available. In the present paper an account will first be given of the reinvestigation of the site on Peacock’s Farm, Shippea Hill, Cambridgeshire, a locality where in 1934 Neolithic pottery had been found stratified in a vertical sequence between Mesolithic and Early Bronze Age remains, each in deposits with fossil pollen. In view of the stratigraphical importance of the site it may be appropriate in this same context to review the radiocarbon dates for the inception of Neolithic culture in the British Isles as a whole. The excavations were undertaken during June, 1960, by the Cambridge University Department of Archaeology and Anthropology with the support of the Crowther-Beynon Fund. Samples were collected for pollen analysis and radiocarbon age determination and the laboratory work was carried out in the University Sub-department of Quaternary Research at Cambridge.

scholarly journals Agroforestri Lahan Gambut Tanpa Bakar

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-128
Author(s):  
Fahruni Fahruni
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Management System ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Ecological Value ◽  
Macro Nutrients ◽  
Over Time

Peatland agroforestry management that is commonly carried out by the community is the burnt peel system. Where peat is peeled and burned, it is then used as a planting medium. Over time, this system will reduce the land surface. But there is a different system. Through the method without combustion by adding organic material above the soil surface. So as the land surface does not decrease, it will even increase in height. This study aims to (1) determine the ecological value of land with a peel-burn system and the addition of minerals without fuel, (2) determine the effectiveness of the peatland management system. The variables observed / measured in this study were (1) the content of macro nutrients (N, P, K) from the system pattern of management of firewood peel and the management system of mineral soil addition. (2) Agroforestry patterns implemented by farmers at the study site. The results showed that the method of agroforestry without burning provides more nutrients than peeled fuel. Increased soil pH is also higher than burnt peel. This method is more environmentally friendly because the peat ecosystem is maintained and the most important thing is the height of the land surface continues to increase during the exploitation time.

scholarly journals Ages of Charcoal Samples of Geomorphologic Interest in Northeast Hungary

Radiocarbon ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 774-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Csongor ◽  
Zoltán Borsy ◽  
Ilona Szabô
Keyword(s):  
Sand Dune ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
Glacial Period ◽  
Last Glacial Period ◽  
Radiocarbon Age ◽  
Fossil Soil ◽  
Hungarian Plain ◽  
The Last Glacial

There are extended wind-blown sand territories in the northeastern part of the Great Hungarian Plain. Wind-blown sand migration periods were distineuished by means of radiocarbon age determination of charcoal samples found in the same type of a thin soil layer of chernozem character in different sand dune exposures. The ages of the samples were determined by proportional counter, and are around 12 000 years BP. This thin fossil soil layer, which is regionally spread in the northeast Hungarian wind-blown sand areas, presents a chronological mark between the blown sand forms evolved in the last glacial period and in the Holocene.

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