Heinrich Ritter von Srbik and “Gesamtdeutsch” History

1969 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-107
Author(s):  
Ronald J. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Interwar Period ◽  
Historical Thinking ◽  
Historical Literature ◽  
The One

Heinrich Ritter von Srbik, the foremost Austrian historian in the interwar period, made important contributions to knowledge of the materials and the facts of nineteenthcentury Germany history as well as to the interpretation of that period. No historian of Germany can properly ignore his interpretation of that period. Yet no serious attempt has been made to evaluate his historical thinking and to appraise his extensive contributions to German historical literature. The one exception to this neglect followed his death in 1951 which occasioned the customary obituary notices of his career and work.

scholarly journals Sobre una caracterización 'corbuseriana' del mobiliario moderno

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Villanueva Fernández ◽  
Héctor García-Diego
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Le Corbusier ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Modern Equipment ◽  
The Real ◽  
Joint Development ◽  
The One ◽  
Selection Of

Resumen: A partir de 1920 Le Corbusier comenzó a elaborar un cuerpo teórico sobre el diseño de objetos que iría difundiendo a través de sus escritos y conferencias. Libros como Vers une architecture, L´art décoratif d´aujourd´hui o Précisions sur un état présent de l'architecture et de l'urbanisme han constituído un rico legado de ideas e imágenes interrelacionadas que permiten analizar la propuesta del arquitecto desde el plano de la teoría. Sin embargo, el poder de sus postulados fue continuamente experimentado y corroborado por su obra en materia de mobiliario, hasta el punto de establecerse relaciones directas entre teoría y obra. Esta evolución conjunta proporciona una completa visión del concepto de mobiliario moderno desarrollado por Le Corbusier. Por tanto, esta investigación persigue, por un lado, sacar a la luz un verdadero cuerpo teórico de cuño 'corbuseriano' y específico del equipamiento moderno, haciendo especial mención a los postulados y dibujos originales del arquitecto y, por otro, comprobar la correspondencia real entre sus teorías y sus obras mediante el análisis de una escogida selección de obras del arquitecto pertenecientes al periodo de entreguerras, para, finalmente, ofrecer una caracterización 'corbuseriana' del mobiliario moderno. Abstract: From 1920 Le Corbusier began to develop a theoretical body on the objects design that went spreading through his writings and lectures. Books like Vers une architecture, L'art décoratif d'aujourd'hui or Précisions sur un état présent de l'architecture et de l'urbanisme have constituted a rich legacy of interlinked ideas and images to analyze the proposal of the architect from the level of theory. However, the power of its principles was continuously experienced and corroborated by his work in furniture, to the point of establishing direct relations between theory and work. This joint development provides a comprehensive overview of modern furniture concept developed by Le Corbusier. Therefore, this research aims on the one hand, to expose a 'Corbusian' and specific theoretical body of modern equipment, with special reference to the principles and original drawings by the architect; and, secondly, to check the real correspondence between his theories and works by analyzing a choice selection of works by the architect belonging to the interwar period, to finally offer a 'Corbusian' characterization of modern furniture.Palabras clave: Teoría; mobiliario; moderno; escritos. Keywords: Theory; furniture; modern; writings. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/LC2015.2015.569 

Sixty years of research on leadership in Africa: A review of the literature

Leadership ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willem Fourie ◽  
Suzanne C van der Merwe ◽  
Ben van der Merwe
Keyword(s):  
Large Body ◽  
Entry Point ◽  
The Other ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Historical Literature ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Diachronic Analysis ◽  
The One

This paper reviews peer-reviewed research on leadership in Africa published from 1950 to 2009. The review has a dual purpose. On the one hand, it provides scholars with an entry point to the relatively large body of historical literature by means of a descriptive diachronic analysis of the literature. On the other hand, it also applies a synchronic analysis, and concludes with four interpretative statements on the scholarship on leadership in Africa. These statements are: (i) Scholarship on leadership in Africa has changed, and the change is lopsided; (ii) Female scholars are increasing, and they work on different themes from male scholars; (iii) Legitimacy remains a key issue, and continues to evolve; (iv) Authenticity has become a key issue and is now closely related to reclaiming African values.

scholarly journals The Problem of Ukrainian-Polish Coexistence in the Ukrainian Conservative Political Thought of the Interwar Period: Lypynskyi Versus Tomashivskyi in the Framework of Epoch

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-84
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Potulnytskyi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Interwar Period ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
Mutual Understanding ◽  
Main Emphasis ◽  
Western Ukraine ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The One ◽  
Territorial Group

While studying Polish-Ukrainian relations, outstanding Ukrainian conservative thinkers, namely Vjacheslav Lypynskyi and Stepan Tomashivskyi, focused mainly on the problem of distinguishing the role of Poland in the history of the Ukrainian people and on the issue of orientation towards Poland as a factor in the emergence of the Ukrainian state. The role of Poland in the history of the Ukrainian people, according to conservatives, was twofold. On the one hand, it was Poland that paved the way for Ukraine to Europeanization, providing examples of state-style literature and culture. This constructive role of Poland was especially fruitful in comparison with the Asian influences of Moscow. In this context, the conservatives emphasized that these were the Poles who played a key role in the process of separating Ukrainians from Russia, promoting the rise and establishment of the Cossacks and the Hetmanate, as well as creating the very name “Ukraine”. Conversely, the conservatives negatively assessed the Treaty of Hadiach for Ukraine, which, in their opinion, was very rational, on the one hand, and contributed, on the other hand, to the extermination of the elite and aristocratic democracy, and which disorganized the nobility and made it republican by eliminating its chivalrous essence and adding destructive anarchism instead. The conservatives also sharply assessed the Treaty of Warsaw between Petliura and Pilsudski. Simultaneously, Ukrainian monarchists did not consider Poland a force that could play a role in the creation of the Ukrainian state, although they considered the territorial autonomy of Halychyna under Poland as the first stage in educating the citizens of Western Ukraine in the spirit of the state monarchical idea. They took the position of mutual understanding between Ukrainian conservatives and Halychyna Poles in achieving the autonomy of Ukrainian lands under Poland, although they condemned the concept of a federation of Poland and Ukraine in Halychyna under the conditions put forward by Halychyna Ukrainian National Democrats. Conservatives considered such a strategy doomed to failure without the creation of a conservative territorial group in Halychyna composed of local Poles and Ukrainians. Relying heavily on local Poles not affiliated with metropolitan Warsaw, they placed the main emphasis on the internal organization of the monarchists rather than on external allies, including Poland

scholarly journals PROGNOSTICATION IN CHINESE BUDDHIST HISTORICAL TEXTS THE GĀOSĒNG ZHUÀN AND THE XÙ GĀOSĒNG ZHUÀN

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-45
Author(s):  
Gang Yang ◽  
Christoph Anderl
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Buddhist Literature ◽  
Historical Texts ◽  
Historical Literature ◽  
Short Survey ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Events ◽  
The One ◽  
By Products

This paper explores topics and techniques of prognostication as recorded in medieval Buddhist historical literature, with an emphasis on the Gāosēng zhuàn 高僧傳 (GSZ) and Xù gāosēng zhuàn 續高僧傳 (XGSZ). The paper first provides a short survey of how prognostication is treated in Chinese Buddhist translated texts. In these ‘canonical’ sources there is clear ambiguity over the use of supernatural powers: on the one hand, such practices are criticised as non-Buddhist or even heterodox; on the other, narratives on Śākyamuni’s former and present lives as well as accounts of other buddhas, bodhisattvas, and the Buddha’s disciples abound with descriptions of their special abilities, including knowledge of the future. In contrast, the GSZ and XGSZ display a clear standpoint concerning mantic practices and include them as integral aspects of monastics’ lives. The two texts articulate that the ability to predict the future and other supernatural powers are natural by-products of spiritual progress in the Buddhist context. This paper discusses the incorporation of various aspects of the Indian and Chinese traditions in monastics’ biographies, and investigates the inclusion of revelations of future events (for example, in dreams) and mantic techniques in these texts. In addition, it traces parallels to developments in non-Buddhist literature and outlines some significant differences between the GSZ and the XGSZ.

scholarly journals Inspiracje Moniuszkowskie w muzyce XX wieku. Opera Pomsta Jontkowa Bolesława Wallek Walewskiego

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Joanna Miklaszewska
Keyword(s):  
Interwar Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Common Elements ◽  
Musical Style ◽  
Nineteen Twenties ◽  
Principal Difference ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
National Opera ◽  
Innovative Idea ◽  
The One

<p>Bolesław Wallek Walewski był jedną z czołowych postaci krakowskiego życia muzycznego w okresie międzywojennym. Do jego najwybitniejszych dzieł należy opera <em>Pomsta Jontkowa</em>, której libretto jest kontynuacją <em>Halki</em> Stanisława Moniuszki. W artykule scharakteryzowano muzyczne związki pomiędzy obu operami, widoczne m.in. we wprowadzeniu przez Wallek Walewskiego cytatów motywów z <em>Halki</em>, a także wskazano różnice stylistyczne między obydwoma dziełami. Wyznaczają je trzy elementy: warstwa językowa librett, główne założenia dramaturgiczne oraz styl muzyczny. Libretto <em>Halki</em> napisane zostało przez W. Wolskiego bez aluzji do elementów gwarowych, natomiast B. Wallek Walewski w libretcie <em>Pomsty Jontkowej</em> wykorzystał w szerokim zakresie gwarę podhalańską. W przeciwieństwie do <em>Halki</em>, osią dramatu Wallek Walewskiego jest motyw zemsty górala na możnych panach. Styl muzyczny opery Walewskiego wykazuje pokrewieństwo z muzyką Wagnera, z nurtem muzycznego folkloryzmu (poprzez nawiązanie do folkloru podhalańskiego), oraz impresjonizmu. W artykule poruszono ponadto problem recepcji dzieła. <em>Pomsta Jontkowa</em> była najbardziej znanym i często wystawianym w Polsce dziełem operowym krakowskiego kompozytora. Jej prapremiera odbyła się w Teatrze Wielkim w Poznaniu w 1926 roku. Na przełomie lat dwudziestych i trzydziestych opera ta cieszyła się w Polsce dużą popularnością, wystawiły ją także inne teatry operowe w kraju (z wyjątkiem sceny warszawskiej). Po II wojnie światowej <em>Pomstę Jontkową</em> wystawiła Opera Wrocławska.</p><p>SUMMARY</p><p>Born in Lvov but fi rst of all associated with the musical circles in Krakow, Bolesław Wallek Walewski (1885-1944) referred to one of Stanisław Moniuszko’s most famous operas – <em>Halka</em> [Helen] – when composing his own opera Pomsta Jontkowa [Jontek’s Vengeance] (1924). The contemporaries regarded Halka and Pomsta Jontkowa as a series. Both operas share common elements: <em>Halka</em> (Warsaw version) and <em>Pomsta Jontkowa</em> are four-act operas, the same characters appear in their librettos (Jontek, Zofia), and in both works the confl icts between the gentry and the peasants are highly important. The musical connections between the operas are evidenced by Walewski’s use of the leading motifs. Moreover, both in <em>Halka</em> and in <em>Pomsta Jontkowa</em>, there are highlanders’ dances. Walewski also includes melodies from Halka into his work.</p><p>The principal difference between the two operas is determined by three elements: the language of the librettos, the main dramatic assumptions, and the musical style. The libretto of <em>Halka</em> was written by Włodzimierz Wolski (1824-1882) without references to dialectal elements whereas Walewski liberally used the Podhale highlanders’ dialect in his libretto. Moreover, unlike <em>Halka</em>, which emphasizes the personal experiences of the main heroine and social confl icts, the axis of Walewski’s drama is the motif of the highlander’s revenge on the wealthy lords. The musical style of <em>Pomsta Jontkowa</em> shows, on the one hand, a similarity with Richard Wagner’s music (harmony, instrumentation, and the way of treatment of leitmotifs), while on the other – a similarity to the trend of musical folklorism and impressionism. An innovative idea is the combination of impressionist features with the stylization of highlanders’ folklore.</p><p><em>Pomsta Jontkowa</em> was the best known opera of the Krakow composer in Poland in the nineteen-twenties and thirties, and at the same time it was one of the most original Polish operas of the interwar period. It combines traditional elements with modern ones, and it is an expression of the late inspirations by Wagnerian music and esthetics in Polish music, as well as referring to the best traditions of the Polish national opera.</p>

Identity forging in the Hungarian Reformed press in the first part of the 20th century. The example of the Református Figyelő journal

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-304
Author(s):  
Réka Kiss
Keyword(s):  
Interwar Period ◽  
Community Identity ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Reformed Church ◽  
Denominational Identity ◽  
Significant Step ◽  
Back Ground ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One

"In my study, I am examining a significant step in the history of the national Re-formed press between the two world wars, i.e., the weekly paper Református Figyelő (1928–1933). It is well known that the interwar period which was also called a “religious renaissance” or the “period of the second confessionalization”, is considered to be a period of renewal of religious and ecclesiastical life, deepening of faith and strengthening of denominational identity for each historical church. My study approaches the issue of church press between the two world wars from the perspective of the process of community identity building of the Hungari-an Reformed people. On the one hand, I am looking for an answer to how the con-tent of the Reformed identity changed during the century, which were the defining phenomena, historical experiences that decisively influenced the Reformed self-awareness, which were its main problems, the central topics of church public dis-course. On the other hand, my research focuses on the role of the ecclesiastical press in shaping public discourses, in building identity, the way its organizational back-ground and internal system of relations developed. Keywords: religious ideintity, Reformed Church, interwar period, church press, Ravasz László. "

The Anglo-Spanish Society in the interwar period

2016 ◽  
pp. 36-51
Author(s):  
Luis G. Martínez del Campo
Keyword(s):  
Interwar Period ◽  
Language Education ◽  
Spanish Society ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
British Trade ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Spanish Language Education ◽  
The Great War

I study how the end of the Great War heralded a new stage in the history of the BSS. I analyse the Society’s double mission after the war. On the one hand, the BSS promoted British trade with Spanish-speaking countries. On the other hand, its members contributed to the development of Spanish language education in the UK. Finally, I explain why the BSS’ dissolution took place in 1939.

Beyond the Holocaust: Jewish Past, Hebrew Present, Socialist Future

2020 ◽  
pp. 325-404
Author(s):  
Lutz Fiedler
Keyword(s):  
Interwar Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Socialist Revolution ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
European Jewish ◽  
The One ◽  
Insight Into

The last chapter deals with the complex place of the Holocaust in the worldview of the Israeli Left. The chapter explores the degree to which Israeli leftists’ social and national utopias of socialist revolution and Hebrew nationhood contributed to their avoidance of the significance of the Holocaust and its impact on Jewish consciousness. The chapter illustrates that, from the outset, the notion of a new Hebrew nation was somehow detached from the Jewish experiences in Europe. By sticking to their faith in progress that was rooted in the Socialist teleology of history, the distance to the consequences of mass extermination increased further – despite the fact that Matzpen had inherited the revolutionary hopes of Eastern European Jewish Communists of the interwar period for whom this utopia had proven terribly futile. Thus, the book provides insight into a historical aporia: the tension between the effects of the Holocaust, on the one hand, and the unresolved Israel–Palestine conflict, on the other. Turning eventually to the activities of the Frankfurt Jewish group (in Germany) during the Lebanon war of 1982, the chapter shows how the quest for a road out of that aporia and to detach the interpretation of the Israel–Palestine conflict from the memories of the Holocaust is also part of Matzpen’s history and legacy.

The Sources of Massinger's Emperour of the East

PMLA ◽  
1950 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter G. Phialas
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Historical Literature ◽  
Ready Availability ◽  
Standard Edition ◽  
The One ◽  
Principal Elements

An inquiry into the sources of Massinger's tragicomedy The Emperour of the East (1632) is made difficult by the abundance and variety of historical literature which contains the principal elements of the plot. On the one hand, the ready availability of the story in Byzantine chronicles has led students of Massinger to search for the sources exclusively in the histories; on the other, the variety in the content of these has made selection virtually impossible, for though many of the histories provide long accounts of the story of Theodosius and Eudoxia, none contains all the details which Massinger introduced in his tragicomedy. As a result, various scholars have proposed interesting, though unsatisfactory, combinations. Langbaine refers his reader to no fewer than five histories; Coxeter, the first editor of the plays, selects the first two of the sources cited by Langbaine, namely Socrates and Theodoret, but he admits that there may be others; Mason, the next editor, repeats Coxe-ter's note; and Gifford in his standard edition is even more vague than his predecessors. But to balance his inconclusive remarks he appends a note provided by his friend Dr. Ireland offering as the main sources Cedrenus and Theophanes, principally because they include the quarrel of Theodosius and Eudoxia; and a second note, this one by Gilchrist, another literary friend, who hazards the opinion that Massinger based his plot on two passages in the Anatomy of Melancholy, in which Burton relates briefly the marriage of Eudoxia and the famous episode with the apple. All of these are unacceptable, however, as both singly and in their sum they leave out of account significant details present in the play. A more satisfactory study of the sources was produced in 1897 by Emil Koeppel, whose conclusions were confirmed three years later by Wolfgang von Wurzbach.

scholarly journals The Russian Diaspora in Bulgaria: Issues of Migration Registration in the Interwar Period

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentin Khrisanfov ◽  
Natalia Turygina
Keyword(s):  
Interwar Period ◽  
League Of Nations ◽  
Population Movement ◽  
Historical Literature ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Article Analyse

This article is a historiographical review of the recent Bulgarian historical literature regarding estimates of the number of Russian emigrants in Bulgaria between the 1920s and 1930s. Figures mentioned by contemporary researchers D. Daskalov, L. Spasov, Ts. Keseva, M. Jovanovic, and P. Peykovska estimate that there were from 20,000 to 50,000 Russian migrants in Bulgaria in 1922–1923. In order to explain this discrepancy, the authors of the article analyse different types of sources, i. e. official reports of the Bulgarian authorities, reports of the Office for Russian Refugees under the League of Nations, émigré periodicals, statistical yearbooks, and censuses. Due to the lack of registration of Russian refugees arriving in the country and the interest of different parties in exaggerating the magnitude of the process, working with statistics and censuses seems to be the most promising approach in the study of migration not only in Bulgaria but also in any other country with a Russian diaspora. According to the authors of this brief review, this approach to the analysis of population movement will help correct the thesis of the multi-million Russian diaspora of the interwar period, which is established both in Russian and foreign historiography.

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