Residual Effects of EPTC and Trifluralin Incorporated with Different Implements

Weed Science ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. Robison ◽  
C. R. Fenster
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Control Effectiveness ◽  
Plot Area

Applications of a,a,a-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine (trifluralin) at 1/2 and 1 lb/A and ethyl N,N-dipropylthiocarbamate (EPTC) at 1 1\2 and 3 lb/A were incorporated preplant with five different tillage implements to determine the influence of incorporation on weed control effectiveness in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Weed yields were lowest in plots incorporated with the tandem disc and rotary incorporator. Oats (Avena sativa L.) were overseeded 1 year later on the entire safflower plot area. Stand loss occurred on plots receiving the high rate of both herbicides and incorporated with the disc or rotary incorporator.

Bio-efficacy of post emergence herbicides in boro rice nursery as well as main field and their residual effects on non-target microorganisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-210
Author(s):  
Rajib Kundu ◽  
Mousumi Mondal ◽  
Sourav Garai ◽  
Ramyajit Mondal ◽  
Ratneswar Poddar
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Main Field ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Similar Treatment

Field experiments were conducted at research farm of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kalyani, West Bengal, India (22°97' N latitude and 88°44' E longitude, 9.75 m above mean sea level) under natural weed infestations in boro season rice (nursery bed as well as main field) during 2017-18 and 2018-19 to evaluate the herbicidal effects on weed floras, yield, non-target soil organisms to optimize the herbicide use for sustainable rice-production. Seven weed control treatments including three doses of bispyribac-sodium 10% SC (150,200, and 250 ml ha-1), two doses of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl 9.3% EC (500 and 625 ml ha-1), one weed free and weedy check were laid out in a randomized complete block design, replicated thrice. Among the tested herbicides, bispyribac-sodium with its highest dose (250 ml ha-1) resulted in maximum weed control efficiency, treatment efficiency index and crop resistance index irrespective of weed species and dates of observation in both nursery as well as main field. Similar treatment also revealed maximum grain yield (5.20 t ha-1), which was 38.38% higher than control, closely followed by Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (625 ml ha-1) had high efficacy against grasses, sedge and broadleaf weed flora. Maximum net return (Rs. 48765 ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (1.72) were obtained from the treatment which received bispyribac-sodium @ 250 ml ha-1. Based on overall performance, the bispyribac-sodium (250 ml ha-1) may be considered as the best herbicide treatment for weed management in transplanted rice as well as nursery bed.

CHEMICAL WEED CONTROL IN TRANSPLANTED TOMATOES

1962 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 190-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Saidak
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Weed Population ◽  
Control Effectiveness ◽  
Effect On Yield

Experiments on the chemical control of weeds in tomatoes were conducted in 1959 and 1960 at Ottawa and Smithfield, Ontario. The weed populations were dominated by annual broadleaved weeds.Granular formulations of amiben, CDEC, DNBP, EPTC, simazine, CIPC and neburon were applied in 1959 as pre-emergence herbicides to established transplanted tomatoes. Solan was applied as a post-emergence spray about 1 month after transplanting when the weeds were less than 4 inches high. Amiben, solan and CDEC were selected for further evaluation in 1960 on the basis of weed control effectiveness and lack of crop injury.The effect on yield, of single and double applications of amiben, solan and CDEC, was not statistically significant. Two applications of amiben and CDEC provided significantly better weed control than single applications at Smithfield, but little difference was found at Ottawa where the weed population was smaller.In these experiments solan, amiben and CDEC at 4 and 6 pounds per acre have produced reliable and effective weed control from shortly after transplanting until harvest time. Neither solan, amiben nor CDEC caused injury to the tomatoes.

Weed population responses to weed control practices. II. Residual effects on weed populations, control, andGlycine maxyield

Weed Science ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas D. Buhler
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
High Density ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Mechanical Control ◽  
Population Responses ◽  
Setaria Faberi ◽  
History Of ◽  
Broadleaf Species

Weed populations, weed control with imazethapyr, andGlycine maxyields were affected by a 4-yr history of different weed control practices. A range of chemical and mechanical practices were applied in separate field experiments initiated under high and low weed densities. In the high-density experiment, plots kept weed free for 4 yr averaged 24Setaria faberiplants m−2compared with 200 to 600 plants m−2with the various weed control treatments. In plots with a history of mechanical control, weeds not controlled by imazethapyr reducedG. maxyield by 340 kg ha−1compared with plots that were kept weed free during the same period. In the low-density experiment, weed control history had less effect on weed densities. For example,S. faberidensities ranged from 19 plants m−2for the weed-free plots to 195 plants m−2with mechanical control. Weed control history had little effect on weed control with imazethapyr orG. maxyields in imazethapyr-treated plots. While weed-free conditions for 4 yr greatly reduced weed densities, imazethapyr application still increasedG. maxyields 22% in the low-density experiment and 51% in the high-density experiment. Differences in densities of individual annual broadleaf species also developed in response to weed control history in both experiments.

Annual weed management in isoxaflutole-resistant soybean using a two-pass weed control strategy

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (03) ◽  
pp. 411-425
Author(s):  
Andrea Smith ◽  
Nader Soltani ◽  
Allan J. Kaastra ◽  
David C. Hooker ◽  
Darren E. Robinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Annual Grass ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
The One ◽  
Herbicide Programs

AbstractTransgenic crops are being developed with herbicide resistance traits to expand innovative weed management solutions for crop producers. Soybean with traits that confer resistance to the hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase herbicide isoxaflutole is under development and will provide a novel herbicide mode of action for weed management in soybean. Ten field experiments were conducted over 2 years (2017 and 2018) on five soil textures with isoxaflutole-resistant soybean to evaluate annual weed control using one- and two-pass herbicide programs. The one-pass weed control programs included isoxaflutole plus metribuzin, applied PRE, at a low rate (52.5 + 210 g ai ha−1), medium rate (79 + 316 g ai ha−1), and high rate (105 + 420 g ai ha−1); and glyphosate applied early postemergence (EPOST) or late postemergence (LPOST). The two-pass weed control programs included isoxaflutole plus metribuzin, applied PRE, followed by glyphosate applied LPOST, and glyphosate applied EPOST followed by LPOST. At 4 weeks after the LPOST application, control of common lambsquarters, pigweed species, common ragweed, and velvetleaf was variable at 25% to 69%, 49% to 86%, and 71% to 95% at the low, medium, and high rates of isoxaflutole plus metribuzin, respectively. Isoxaflutole plus metribuzin at the low, medium, and high rates controlled grass species evaluated (i.e., barnyardgrass, foxtail, crabgrass, and witchgrass) 85% to 97%, 75% to 99%, and 86% to 100%, respectively. All two-pass weed management programs provided 98% to 100% control of all species. Weed control improved as the rate of isoxaflutole plus metribuzin increased. Two-pass programs provided excellent, full-season annual grass and broadleaf weed control in isoxaflutole-resistant soybean.

Influence of AC 263,222 Rate and Application Method on Weed Management in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea)

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 520-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore M. Webster ◽  
John W. Wilcut ◽  
Harold D. Coble
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Purple Nutsedge ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Control Effectiveness ◽  
Application Method ◽  
Rate Controlled ◽  
Ac 263,222 ◽  
Prickly Sida

Experiments were conducted in 1991 and 1992 to evaluate the weed control effectiveness from several rates of AC 263,222 applied PPI and PRE (36 and 72 g ai/ha), early POST (EPOST) (18, 36, 54, or 72 g/ha), POST (18, 36, 54, or 72 g/ha), and EPOST followed by (fb) POST (27 fb 27 g/ha or 36 fb 36 g/ha). These treatments were compared to the commercial standard of bentazon at 0.28 kg ai/ha plus paraquat at 0.14 kg ai/ha EPOST fb bentazon at 0.56 kg/ha plus paraquat at 0.14 kg/ha plus 2,4-DB at 0.28 kg ae/ha. Application method had little effect on weed control with AC 263,222. In contrast, application rate affected control. Purple nutsedge, yellow nutsedge, prickly sida, smallflower morningglory, bristly starbur, common cocklebur, and coffee senna were controlled at least 82% with AC 263,222 at 36 g/ha (one-half the maximum registered use rate) regardless of application method. AC 263,222 at 72 g/ha (registered use rate) controlled sicklepod 84 to 93%, Florida beggarweed 65 to 100%, andIpomoeamorningglory species 89 to 99%. A single application of AC 263,222 at 36 g/ha or more controlled all weeds (with the exception of Florida beggarweed) as well or greater than sequential applications of bentazon plus paraquat fb bentazon, paraquat, and 2,4-DB. All rates of AC 263,222 applied POST and all application methods of AC 263,222 at 72 g/ha had better yields than the pendimethalin control.

Absorption and Translocation of Sethoxydim with Additives

Weed Science ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 657-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Nalewaja ◽  
Grzegorz A. Skrzypczak
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Foliar Absorption ◽  
Oil Percentage ◽  
Petroleum Oil ◽  
Emulsifier Concentration

Experiments were conducted to determine14C absorption and translocation by oat (Avena sativaL. ‘Lyon’) foliarly treated with14C-sethoxydim {(2-[1-(ethoxyimino)butyl]-5-[2-(ethylthio)propyl]-3-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-1-one)} and various additives. Safflower (Carthamus tinctoriusL.), soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.], linseed (Linum usitatissimumL.), and sunflower (Helianthus annuusL.) oil all similarly increased foliar absorption and translocation of14C more than palm oil (Elaeis quineensisJacq.) but less than petroleum oil, when applied without an emulsifier. An emulsifier in the oil additive tended to enhance14C absorption and translocation more in soybean oil than petroleum oil so that14C absorption and translocation were similar with both oils containing emulsifiers. Absorption and translocation of14C tended to increase more with an increase in emulsifier concentration in soybean oil than in petroleum oil but not beyond 15% with either oil. Percentage of14C absorbed and translocated from14C-sethoxydim applied to oats increased as the amount of soybean oil applied increased from 2.3 to 4.6 L/ha, but the increase was less for sethoxydim at 0.87 kg ai/ha than at 0.03 or 0.17 kg ai/ha.

Broadleaf Weed Control in Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) with Sulfonylurea Herbicides

1987 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy L. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Seedling Vigor ◽  
Sulfonylurea Herbicides ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Soil Activity

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L. ‘Hartman’) in the rosette growth stage or early bolting stage tolerated thiameturon {3-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino] carbonyl] amino] sulfonyl]-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid} at 5, 10, and 15 g ai/ha. Safflower also tolerated chlorsulfuron {2-chloro-N-[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino] carbonyl] benzenesulfonamide} at 18 g/ha if safflower was taller than 15 cm at time of application. The fresh weight of above-ground biomass of common sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. #3 HELAN), treated at two plant sizes with thiameturon, was reduced more than 88%. Soil activity of thiameturon also reduced the seedling vigor of common sunflower, but thiameturon in soil was not as lethal to common sunflower as were foliar applications.

Control of Wild Cane in Corn

Weed Science ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 272-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. C. Burnside
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid

The most effective and dependable method of controlling wild cane [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] in corn (Zea mays L.) was with a combination of cultivation plus herbicides. Timely cultivations were equally or more effective than preplant herbicides in controlling wild cane, but neither method was adequate by itself. The best herbicide in this study for the control of wild cane in corn was S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate (EPTC) alone or in combination with (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid (2,4-D) or 2-chloro-4,6-bis-(ethylamino)-s-triazine (simazine). Residual effects of simazine at 4 lb/A in the soil reduced the yield of the following oats (Avena sativa L.) crop 1 out of 3 years.

scholarly journals Season-long weed control with sequential herbicide programs in California tree nut crops

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 834-842
Author(s):  
Caio A. C. G. Brunharo ◽  
Seth Watkins ◽  
Bradley D. Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Tree Nut ◽  
Herbicide Use ◽  
Herbicide Programs ◽  
Grass Weed

AbstractWeed control in tree nut orchards is a year-round challenge for growers that is particularly intense during winter through summer as a result of competition and interference with management and harvest operations. A common weed control program consists of an application of a winter PRE and POST herbicide mixture, followed by a desiccation treatment in early spring and before harvest. Because most spring and summer treatments depend on a limited number of foliar-applied herbicides, summer-germinating species and/or herbicide-resistant biotypes become troublesome. Previous research has established effective PRE herbicide programs targeting winter glyphosate-resistant weeds. However, more recently, growers have reported difficulties in controlling several summer-germinating grass weeds with documented or suspected resistance to the spring and summer POST herbicide programs. In this context, research was conducted to evaluate a sequential PRE approach to control winter- and summer-germinating orchard weeds. Eight field experiments were conducted in tree nut orchards to evaluate the efficacy of common winter herbicide programs and a sequential herbicide program for control of a key summer grass weed species. In the sequential-application strategy, three foundational herbicide programs applied in the winter were either mixed with pendimethalin, followed with pendimethalin in March, or applied as a split application of pendimethalin in both winter and spring. Results indicate that the addition of pendimethalin enhanced summer grass weed control throughout the crop growing season by up to 31%. Applying all or part of the pendimethalin in the spring improved control of the summer grass weed junglerice by up to 49%. The lower rate of pendimethalin applied in the spring performed as well as the high rate in the winter, suggesting opportunities for reducing herbicide inputs. Tailoring sequential herbicide programs to address specific weed challenges can be a viable strategy for improving orchard weed control without increasing herbicide use in some situations.

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