THE BEGINNINGS OF WRITING ON CRETE: THEORY AND CONTEXT

2015 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 27-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Ferrara

This article examines the inception of writing on Crete in the second millenniumbcfrom a fresh methodological perspective. It aims to develop a synoptic understanding of the origin, purpose, experience, and significance of the earliest attestations of writing on the island, to investigate the context of its creation, and to explore the cultural triggers that underlie the application of writing in the context of Middle Minoan Crete. Three key points are considered: the problematic definition of early writing on Crete, the possible identification of the subject matter of the Cretan hieroglyphic inscriptions on sealstones, and the script's level of indebtedness to pre-existing models. These paths of investigation are also crucial points of departure for understanding the phenomenon of early writing in more general terms, from a multidisciplinary perspective that seeks to advocate a synergic collaboration between anthropology, archaeology, epigraphy and sociolinguistics.

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 237-247
Author(s):  
Anna Wiśniewska

The Polish Code of Civil Procedure (CCP) does regulate the amendments of the subject of claim in Art. 193. It must be observed that the Code (similar to the former Code of Civil Procedure of 1932) does not supply a statutory definition of the amendment of claim, leaving this matter to the theory of civil procedure; the regulation is only concerned with the admissibility of a change. Speaking in most general terms, an amendment of a claim is a procedural act which results in transformation of particular elements of the claim, thus directly influencing the proceedings. However, the continuity of the proceedings before and after the amendment must be preserved, in the sense that earlier procedural acts of the parties and evidence collected remain at least partially pertinent. The claimant’s act amending the claim may as well limit as extend the subject matter of the proceedings. It can also, obviously, contain as well an amendment of the requested remedy as the factual basis of the claim. A separate amendment of only one of those elements seems also possible. As a quantitative amendment of the claim must also be considered the introduction of a new claim besides the original one (a cumulative amendment). Such an amendment is expressly provided by Art. 193 § 2 CCP. It must be stressed that, as a matter of fact, the extension of the claim in a cumulative form, as regulated in Art. 193§ 2 CPC, shall produce the identical result as if the claimant already in the statement of claim availed of a possibility provided in Art. 191 CCP, namely to cumulate more than one substantive law claim in one statement of claim against the same respondent. The claimant’s procedural acts aimed at the quantitative amendment of the claim include also the limitation of the claim, thus resulting in the limitation of the subject matter of the proceedings. Undoubtedly, the limitation of the claim is a party’s procedural act bearing upon the court’s decision.


Author(s):  
Yu.V. Kupriyanova ◽  
I.M. Vasilyanova

The article summarizes the key points in the development of the metadialogue phenomenon from a linguistic point of view. Some stages of the development of this concept and the difficulties associated with its structuring are covered. The main research findings of modern foreign and domestic experts on its study are considered. Some characteristics of the subject of the research from the standpoint of various pragmatic installations are given. On the basis of the dynamic structure of the metadialogue development, certain principles of semantic relations connected with the dialectical nature of human cognition are presented. Excursion into the history and evolution of the concept is presented. Several types of formulation of the subject matter are given. In accordance with the goal of speech exposure, internal problems of the development of metadialogue are highlighted and the critical points related to solving these problems are described. The rules of metadialogue flow are explained at the level of steps, the success/failure of which directly affects the final result of communication. The prospects of development of the concept research in accordance with various types of discourse are indicated.


2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-171
Author(s):  
Denisa Gunišová ◽  
Jana Duchovičová

Authors in this contribution focus on issue of subject matter structure creation by the teacher as an important psycho-didactic domain of education process and how does a student perceive this structure. The aim of the teacher is not only to impart the knowledge to students but also to show them and teach them possible ways of how to understand the subject matter better and how to get to the fundamentals of it. Based on the structure of subject matter created by the teacher a student creates cognitive frames which become basis for his further learning. We pay attention to definition of epistemology of subject matter structure, questions of psycho-didactic approach to teaching, creating structure of subject matter and how does the teacher work with the text. Empirical part of the contribution investigates teachers' preferences of subject matter structure and statistically describes subjective perception of level of understanding of the subject matter by a student influenced by the particular subject matter structure realized by the teacher.


2020 ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Г. О. Гончарук

The article is devoted to the definition of the subject-matter of such corruption crimes as a proposal, a promise or the provision of an undue benefit (stipulated in Article 369 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine). The normative legal acts, forensic scientific literature, and also the analysis of judicial practice are studied. It is ascertained that to the subjects of the proposal, the promise or the provision of undue benefits, that is, the crimes provided for in Art. 369 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine can be classified as: a) cash, b) benefits, c) benefits d) services, e) intangible assets, f) other property. Taking into account the following forming properties, it is expedient to subdivide the objects of the offer or the promise of improper benefit to the official for real and symbolic. In accordance with the analysis of judicial practice, the average subject-matter of a proposal, promise or provision of improper benefit to an official is cash in local currency (UAH) in the amount of UAH 6286.70.


Author(s):  
Mbosowo Bassey Udok

Human existence as a whole is attached to a culture. Every human is a member of a group that acts within the framework of patterns of behavior that is unique or peculiar to the group. Each group determines the component of her culture, and culture builds an identity for the group. This chapter is poised to examine definitions of culture across cultural backgrounds to show similarities and differences in articulating the subject matter. It explicates the components of culture which include the product and technical knowledge of human beings in a given environment. The work plunges into the characteristics of culture as socially based. Here, culture is seen as a creation of society and shared among members of the same society and learned through associations with others in the group. The work concludes that though there is no universally acceptable definition of culture, the impact of culture cannot be undermined as its influence is felt across disciplines and communities.


Author(s):  
Stephen Yablo

Essentialists maintain that an object’s properties are not all on an equal footing: some are ‘essential’ to it and the rest only ‘accidental’. The hard part is to explain what ‘essential’ means. The essential properties of a thing are the ones it needs to possess to be the thing it is. But this can be taken in several ways. Traditionally it was held that F is essential to x if and only if to be F is part of ‘what x is’, as elucidated in the definition of x. Since the 1950s, however, this definitional conception of essence has been losing ground to the modal conception: x is essentially F if and only if necessarily whatever is x has the property F; equivalently, x must be F to exist at all. A further approach conceives the essential properties of x as those which underlie and account for the bulk of its other properties. This entry emphasizes the modal conception of essentiality. Acceptance of some form of the essential/accidental distinction appears to be implicit in the very practice of metaphysics. For what interests the metaphysician is not just any old feature of a thing, but the properties that make it the thing it is. The essential/accidental distinction helps in other words to demarcate the subject matter of metaphysics. But it also constitutes a part of that subject matter. If objects have certain of their properties in a specially fundamental way, then this is a phenomenon of great metaphysical significance.


2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Bartelson

AbstractThis article analyzes how the relationship between philosophy and history has been conceived within the study of political thought, and how different ways of conceiving this relationship in turn have affected the definition of the subject matter as well as the choice of methods within this field. My main argument is that the ways in which we conceive this relationship is dependent on the assumptions we make about the ontological status of concepts and their meaning. I start by discussing the widespread view that philosophy and history ought to be viewed as distinct if not incompatible ways of studying political thought, and then go on to describe the view that philosophical and historical approaches should be conceived of as identical or inseparable. I end this article by suggesting that these approaches rather should be viewed as mutually constitutive for the benefit of a more coherent study of political thought.


MANUSYA ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 80-96
Author(s):  
Stephen Evans

A review of recent literature advocating critical thinking as a necessary response to ‘globalizationʼ, gives no clear picture of what critical thinking is. Drawing on Kant and Hermeneutics, this paper proposes a critical definition of critical thinking as an understanding of its subject-matter which questions itself, and a characterization of critical thinking as the tension of standing within the subject-matter while holding it at a distance. Considered against a backdrop of concerns about ‘globalizationʼ, critical thinking is seen, not only as an intellectual method, but also as an existential engagement of the world.


2002 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 63-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Henige

Visual strategy begins on the first page. The most pretentious form of first page differentation is the “lead-in” quotation whereby the author prefaces the main body of the text with a quote from an esteemed scholar, a famous decision, or some other prestigious source. … The objective of the “lead-in” quote is to spark immediate attention with a titillating example of erudition, humor, or impertinence… Ideally the lead-in quote should be obscure—oriental sources are recommended—and should not have a substantive link to the subject matter of the article. … This technique can generate guilt among readers who suspect the game but lack the nerve to speak out.His books positively clank and groan under the weight of apparatus. Very good it is too.As indicated in the first part of this paper, I adopt a generous definition of “annotation” in this discussion. There the traditional forms, footnotes, and other textual apparatus were discussed. Here I want to concentrate on a number of forms of annotation that are not usually treated under that rubric. Included (in roughly the order in which they are likely to appear in a given work) are titles, tables of contents, prefaces, epigraphs, graphs and charts, maps, quoted matter, facsimiles, appendices, glossaries, bibliographies, and indexes. Each of these is an occasion—and an opportunity—to provide access to the text, to the author's own sources, or to the author's mind. While every work will not use all of these, certain of them (prefaces, tables of contents, bibliographies, and indexes) should be a part of every substantial scholarly study.


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