scholarly journals Health and welfare profile of Australian baby boomers who live in rented accommodation – implications for the future

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 685-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANNE W. TAYLOR ◽  
RHIANNON PILKINGTON ◽  
ELEONORA DAL GRANDE ◽  
CONSTANCE KOURBELIS ◽  
HELEN BARRY
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Baby Boomers ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Housing Status ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Multiple Covariates ◽  
Private And Public

ABSTRACTBaby boomers who rent are often overlooked as an important sub-group. We aimed to assess the chronic conditions, risk factors, socio-economic factors and other health-related factors associated with renting in private or public housing. Data from telephone interviews conducted each month in South Australia between 2010 and 2015 were combined. Prevalence estimates were assessed for each risk factor and chronic condition by housing status. The association between housing status and variables of interest were analysed using logistic regression models adjusting for multiple covariates (age, gender, income, smoking, physical activity, area and year of data collection). Overall, 17.4 per cent of the 16,687 baby boomers interviewed were renting, either privately or using government-subsided housing. The health profile of renters (both private and public) was poorer overall, with renters more likely to have all of the chronic conditions and ten risk factors assessed. For public renters the relationships were maintained even after controlling for socio-economic and risk factor variables for all chronic diseases except osteoporosis. This research has provided empirical evidence of the considerable differences in health, socio-economic indicators and risk factors between baby boomers who rent and those who own, or are buying, their own homes.

scholarly journals Temporary hemiepiphysiodesis using an eight‐plate implant for coronal angular deformity around the knee in children aged less than 10 years: efficacy, complications, occurrence of rebound and risk factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen-Zhen Dai ◽  
Zhen-Peng Liang ◽  
Hao Li ◽  
Jing Ding ◽  
Zhen-Kai Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Deformity Correction ◽  
Genu Valgum ◽  
Angular Deformity ◽  
Screw Loosening ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Angular Deformities

Abstract Background Temporary hemiepiphysiodesis (TH) using an eight-Plate implant is one of the most common surgeries used for the correction of coronal angular deformities around the knee in adolescents. However, few studies have focused on children aged less than 10 years treated with TH using an eight-Plate implant. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy, correction velocity, and complications of TH with an eight-Plate implant as well as the occurrence of rebound and risk factors in this population. Methods This retrospective study included a total of 135 physes (101 knees) from 66 children (mean age of 4.69 years old, range from 1 to 10 years old) who underwent TH with an eight-Plate implant to correct coronal genu angular deformities in our hospital. Related clinical factors were recorded and analysed by multivariable linear and logistic regression models. Results The mean deformity correction period was 13.26 months, and the mean follow-up after eight-Plate removal was 12.71 months. In all, 94.06% (95/101 knees) of the genu angular deformities were completely corrected. Non-idiopathic genu angular deformity was found to be an independent risk factor for deformity correction failure (odds ratio (OR) = 2.47). The femoral correction velocity was significantly higher than the tibial correction velocity (1.28° vs. 0.83° per month, p < 0.001). After adjustment for other factors, younger children had higher correction velocities in the distal femur; however, genu valgum and idiopathic deformities were associated with higher correction velocities in the proximal tibia. In addition, we found three (3/101, 2.97%) knees with genu valgum that experienced rebound after removal of the eight-Plate, while five (5/101, 4.95%) knees with non-idiopathic genu angular deformity experienced screw loosening. No other complications were found, and non-idiopathic deformity was the only risk factor for complications (OR = 3.96). No risk factor was found for rebound in our study. Conclusions TH using an eight-Plate implant is an effective procedure for coronal genu angular deformities with a low incidence of complications and rebound in patients younger than 10 years old. For this population, TH using an eight-Plate should be considered as soon as the deformity stops responding to conservative treatments. The parents of children younger than 10 years of age with non-idiopathic deformities should be informed preoperatively that the deformity may be prone to correction failure or screw loosening after eight-Plate implantation.

scholarly journals Preoperative risk factors of malnutrition for cardiac surgery patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donata Ringaitienė ◽  
Dalia Gineitytė ◽  
Vaidas Vicka ◽  
Tadas Žvirblis ◽  
Jūratė Šipylaitė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Preoperative Risk ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Preoperative Risk Factors ◽  
Valve Pathology

Background. Malnutrition (MN) is prevalent in cardiac surgery, but there are no specific preoperative risk factors of MN. The aim of this study is to assess the clinically relevant risk factors of MN for cardiac surgery patients. Materials and methods. The nutritional state of the patients was evaluated one day prior to surgery using a bioelectrical impedance analysis phase angle (PA). Two groups of patients were generated according to low PA: malnourished and well nourished. Risk factors of MN were divided into three clinically relevant groups: psychosocial and lifestyle factors, laboratory findings and disease-associated factors. Variables in each different group were entered into separate multivariate logistic regression models. Results. A total of 712 patients were included in the study. The majority of them were 65-year old men after a CABG procedure. Low PA was present in 22.9% (163) of patients. The analysis of disease-related factors of MN revealed the importance of heart functions (NYHA IV class OR: 3.073, CI95%: 1.416–6.668, p = 0.007), valve pathology (OR: 1.825, CI95%: 1.182–2.819, p = 0.007), renal insufficiency (OR: 4.091, CI95%: 1.995–8.389, p 

Determinants, circumstances and consequences of injurious falls among older women living in the community

2020 ◽  
pp. injuryprev-2019-043499
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A Phelan ◽  
Eileen Rillamas-Sun ◽  
Lisa Johnson ◽  
Michael J LaMonte ◽  
David M Buchner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Past ◽  
Injurious Falls ◽  
Injurious Fall

ObjectiveTo identify the risk factors of women who fell with injury relative to women who did not fall or fell without injury and to describe the circumstances and consequences of injurious and non-injurious falls.MethodsWe analysed 5074 older women from the Objective Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health Study who prospectively tracked their falls using a 13-month calendar. Women with a reported fall were phone interviewed about fall-related details, including injuries. Risk factors were identified from surveys and clinical home visits. Logistic regression models were used to calculate adjusted ORs and 95% CIs for injurious falls relative to not falling or falling without injury. Circumstances of injurious and non-injurious falls were compared.ResultsAt least one fall was experienced by 1481 (29%) participants. Of these, 1043 were phone interviewed, of whom 430 (41%) reported at least one injurious fall. Relative to not falling, the risk factor most strongly associated with experiencing an injurious fall was having fallen ≥2 times (OR 4.0, CI 2.7 to 5.8) in the past year. Being black was protective for fall-related injury (OR 0.6, CI 0.4 to 0.9). No strong associations in risk factors were observed for injurious relative to non-injurious falls. Injurious falls were more likely to occur away from and outside of the home (p<0.05). Over half of those who injured self-managed their injury.ConclusionFalling repeatedly is a powerful risk factor for injurious falls. Those who have fallen more than once should be prioritised for interventions to mitigate the risk of an injurious fall.

scholarly journals Risk factors for postoperative nausea and vomiting after the removal of impacted third molars: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Hasegawa ◽  
Atsushi Abe ◽  
Hiroki Hayashi ◽  
Hiroshi Furuta ◽  
Takanori Ishihama
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Volatile Anesthetics ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Related Factors

Abstract Background A better understanding of the risk factors for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) could improve patient outcomes. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for PONV and its onset after third molar impaction surgery, and to demonstrate the importance of controlling anesthesia-related factors regardless of patient-specific factors. Methods We included patients who reported nausea and vomiting within 12 h of extubation. Patients with incomplete data, those who could not communicate, and those with gastrointestinal disorders were excluded. We evaluated patient-specific risk factors, and the use of volatile anesthetics and intraoperative fentanyl anesthetic-related factors. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed taking patient background factors into account. Results In total, 182 patients who underwent disimpaction of the third molar under general anesthesia between January 2017 and December 2018 at Nagoya Ekisaikai Hospital, were included. Approximately 12.6% (n = 23) patients experienced PONV, with no significant difference in terms of sex, smoking status, age, and body mass index compared to patients without PONV. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed no interaction between fentanyl and volatile anesthetics. The major risk factor for PONV was the use of volatile anesthetics. Patients in whom anesthesia was maintained by volatile anesthetics were 13.35 times more likely to have PONV than those in whom total intravenous anesthesia was induced (P < 0.001). Conclusion Maintenance of anesthesia with volatile anesthetics is a risk factor for PONV.

scholarly journals Lifestyle and Risk Factor Modification for Reduction of Atrial Fibrillation: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mina K. Chung ◽  
Lee L. Eckhardt ◽  
Lin Y. Chen ◽  
Haitham M. Ahmed ◽  
Rakesh Gopinathannair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
American Heart Association ◽  
American Heart ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Risk Factor Modification ◽  
Scientific Statement ◽  
Factor Modification

Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia, is associated with substantial morbidity, mortality, and healthcare use. Great strides have been made in stroke prevention and rhythm control strategies, yet reducing the incidence of AF has been slowed by the increasing incidence and prevalence of AF risk factors, including obesity, physical inactivity, sleep apnea, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and other modifiable lifestyle-related factors. Fortunately, many of these AF drivers are potentially reversible, and emerging evidence supports that addressing these modifiable risks may be effective for primary and secondary AF prevention. A structured, protocol-driven multidisciplinary approach to integrate lifestyle and risk factor management as an integral part of AF management may help in the prevention and treatment of AF. However, this aspect of AF management is currently underrecognized, underused, and understudied. The purpose of this American Heart Association scientific statement is to review the association of modifiable risk factors with AF and the effects of risk factor intervention. Implementation strategies, care pathways, and educational links for achieving impactful weight reduction, increased physical activity, and risk factor modification are included. Implications for clinical practice, gaps in knowledge, and future directions for the research community are highlighted.

scholarly journals Determinants of coronary artery disease risk factor management across three world regions

Heart Asia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e011112
Author(s):  
Min Zhao ◽  
Ian Graham ◽  
Marie Therese Cooney ◽  
Diederick E Grobbee ◽  
Ilonca Vaartjes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Risk Factor Management ◽  
Logistic Regression Models

BackgroundThe SUrvey of Risk Factors (SURF) indicated poor control of risk factors in subjects with established coronary heart disease (CHD). The present study aimed to investigate determinants of risk factor management in patients with CHD.Methods and resultsSURF recruited 9987 consecutive patients with CHD from Europe, Asia and the Middle East between 2012 and 2013. Risk factor management was summarised as a Cardiovascular Health Index Score (CHIS) based on six risk factor targets (non-smoker/ex-smoker, body mass index <30, adequate exercise, controlled blood pressure, controlled low-density lipoprotein and controlled glucose). Logistic regression models assessed the associations between determinants (age, sex, family history, cardiac rehabilitation, previous hospital admission and diabetes) and achievement of moderate CHIS (≥3 risk factors controlled). The results are presented as OR with corresponding 95% CI. A moderate CHIS was less likely to be reached by women (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.69 to 1.00), those aged <55 years old (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.53 to 0.76) and those with diabetes (OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.37 to 0.46). Attendance in cardiac rehabilitation was associated with better CHIS achievements (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.42 to 1.87). Younger Asian and European patients had poorer risk factor management, whereas for patients from the Middle East age was not significantly associated with risk factor management. The availability and applicability of cardiac rehabilitation varied by region.ConclusionsOverall, risk factor management was poorer in women, those younger than 55 years old, those with diabetes and those who did not participate in a cardiac rehabilitation. Determinants of cardiovascular risk factor management differed by region.

Prevalence of Frequent Mental Distress Among Illinois Adults With Chronic Conditions: Estimates From the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2011 to 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 608-613
Author(s):  
Janae D. Price ◽  
Nancy L. Amerson ◽  
Kamil E. Barbour ◽  
Damilola V. Emuze
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factor ◽  
Frequent Mental Distress ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance ◽  
Risk Factor Surveillance

Purpose: The objective of this study was to examine frequent mental distress (FMD) by demographics, chronic conditions, and health risk factors among Illinois adults. Design: Descriptive analyses included χ2 and pairwise t tests to examine how FMD status differed by selected characteristics and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis to examine the association between FMD and chronic conditions and risk factors. Setting: Illinois Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2011 to 2017 (n = 37 312). Participants: Adults who self-report FMD (n = 3455) were included. Measures: Prevalence of high blood pressure, coronary heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, arthritis, asthma, high blood cholesterol, cancer, kidney disease, stroke, diabetes, weight status, physical activity status, smoking status, and drinking status. Results: A significantly higher FMD prevalence was found among females (11.7%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 11.1-12.4), non-Hispanic blacks (13.4, 95% CI: 11.9-15.0), adults with less than a high school degree (14.4%; 95% CI: 12.6-16.3), adults with an annual income of less than $15 000 (21.4%; 95% CI: 19.4-23.5), and adults with a disability (23.3%, 95% CI: 21.9-24.7). Adjusted prevalence of FMD was significantly higher among adults for 8 of 10 chronic conditions and 4 of 5 health risk factors studied. Conclusions: Social stigmas related to depression and anxiety may lead to the underreporting of FMD. Chronic disease management programs in Illinois should consider integrating mental health services.

scholarly journals Faktor Risiko Terjadinya Karies Baru dengan Pendekatan Kariogram pada Pasien Anak di Klinik Kedokteran Gigi Anak RSGMP Prof. Soedomo Yogyakarta

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Putri Kusuma Wardani ◽  
Al Supartinah ◽  
Indah Titien S ◽  
SB Sri Rantinah ◽  
Emut Lukito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Pediatric Dentistry ◽  
Mixed Dentition ◽  
Caries Risk ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Meal Pattern ◽  
Saliva Secretion

Latar belakang. Faktor risiko karies adalah faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian karies pada individu dan populasi. Faktor risiko karies berbeda antar individu. Untuk menggambarkan interaksi antara faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan karies digunakan kariogram. Tujuan. Penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan gambaran urutan faktor risiko karies dengan pendekatan kariogram pada pasien anak di klinik Kedokteran Gigi Anak RSGMP Prof. Soedomo. Metode. Subjek terdiri dari 26 anak dalam periode gigi-geligi bercampur. Dilakukan pemeriksaan tentang pengalaman karies, riwayat penyakit sistemik, frekuensi makan, skor plak, aktivitas Streptococcus mutans, volume sekresi saliva, pH saliva dan program fluoridasi. Hasil pemeriksaan dianalisis menggunakan program kariogram. Hasil. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rerata persentase faktor bakteri adalah 21,1%, faktor pola makan: 18,1%, faktor kerentanan gigi: 16,1% dan faktor lain-lain: 9,5%. Kesimpulan. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa urutan faktor risiko karies dengan pendekatan kariogram adalah bakteri, pola makan, kerentanan gigi dan faktor lain-lain. Background. Caries risk factor is factor related with caries incidence in individu and population. The caries risk factor is different between individu. For illustrating the interaction between caries related factors may be used cariogram. Aim. The aim of this research was to find out the sequence of caries risk factors from cariogram on children patients at the Clinic of Pediatric Dentistry Prof. Soedomo dental hospital. Method. Subjects were comprised 26 children in the periode of mixed dentition. Examinations were included: experience of caries, the history of systemic disease, daily meal frequency, plaque scoring, activity of Streptococcus mutans, the volume of saliva secretion, pH of saliva, and the participations of fluoridation program. The examination result were analyzed with programme cariogram. Result. The result showed that the mean of percentage bacteria factor was 21,1%, meal pattern factor: 18,1%, susceptible teeth factor: 16,1% and others factors 9,5%. Conclusion. It could be concluded that the sequence of caries risk factors from cariogram were bacteria, meal pattern, susceptible teeth and others factors.

scholarly journals A Novel and Simply Calculated Cardiac Load Index Correlates With Coronary Artery Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yueqiao Si ◽  
Wenjun Fan ◽  
Jingyi Liu ◽  
Xiuxin Gao ◽  
Chao Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Stable Cad

Abstract Background: No cardiac load index (CLI) has been established for patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). We propose a simple method for calculating CLI and explore the association of CLI with CAD.Methods: We enrolled 4145 consecutive inpatients with suspected stable CAD from December 2011 to June 2017 at the Chengde Medical University Affiliated Hospital. All patients were divided into the CAD (n=2914) and the NCAD groups (n=1231) according to coronary computed tomography angiography. We retrospectively collected data and calculated the CLI values of all patients. The receiver operating characteristic diagnostic test analysis was performed with CLI≥77, CLI≥125, CLI≥171, CLI≥217, and CLI≥264, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression models were established to determine the risk factors of CAD. Results: The CLI was significantly higher in the CAD group than in the NCAD group and higher in the male than in the female subgroup (both P<0.001). CLI≥171 was the diagnostic cut-off value. The predictive power of CLI≥171 for CAD improved after considering other risk factors. CLI≥171 is a new independent risk factor for CAD, and is an independent risk factor for CAD in males and females (all P<0.001).Conclusions: Increased CLI is an independent risk factor for CAD, it may be used as a predictor for the prevalence for CAD to improve diagnosis and prevention.

Predictors for oral and general health outcomes and quality of life among older people attending general practice (GP) clinics in South Australia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhan Balasubramanian ◽  
Dominic Keuskamp ◽  
Najith Amarasena ◽  
David Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Older People ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
General Health ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Living Arrangement ◽  
South Australia

Abstract Background: As the proportion and number of older people in Australia continue to grow, innovative means to tackle primary care and prevention are necessary to combat the individual, social and economic challenges of non-communicable diseases.Objective: To assess risk factors (or predictors) for oral and general health outcomes and quality of life of older people (75+ yrs.) attending general practice (GP) clinics in South Australia.Methods: Data were collected from older people attending 48 GP clinics in metropolitan South Australia. Age, sex, education, living arrangement, material standards, chronic conditions and nutrition were assessed as risk factors. Global self-rated oral and general health and quality of life (OHIP Severity and EQ-5D Utility) were included as outcome measures.Results: A total of 459 participants completed the study; response rate was 78%. In the adjusted models, high satisfaction with material standards and good nutritional health were positively associated with all four oral and general health measures. Sex (β=-0.07), age (β=-0.09) and number of chronic conditions (β=-0.13) were negatively associated with EQ-5D, while living arrangement (β=0.06) was positively associated. Further, education level (PR:0.78), living arrangement (PR:0.75) and chronic conditions (PR:1.54) were significantly associated with self-rated general health.Conclusion: Satisfaction with material standards and nutritional risk were consistent predictors for oral and general health outcomes and quality of life of older people visiting GP clinics. Primary care teams involving general practitioners, nurses and allied health practitioners are well poised to assess risk factors for older people, and work alongside the dental team.

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