Gyorgy Kepes, Billy Klüver, and American Art of the 1960s: Defining Attitudes Toward Science and Technology

2004 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 611-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Collins Goodyear
Keyword(s):  
Science And Technology ◽  
American Art ◽  
Massachusetts Institute Of Technology ◽  
Perceived Need ◽  
The Past ◽  
Art And Technology ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Insight Into

ArgumentThis essay aims to broaden our understanding of relationships between art, science, and technology during the 1960s by juxtaposing two of the most important, and under-examined, figures of this period, the artist Gyorgy Kepes and the engineer Billy Klüver. While these two are generally linked due to their similarities, a closer examination demonstrates significant differences in their outlook. Comparing the organizations they nurtured, Kepes, the Center for Advanced Visual Studies at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Klüver, Experiments in Art and Technology, provides unique insight into the distinct origins of such organized collaborations between art, science, and technology. It reveals both how the cultural conditions of the 1960s contributed to the perceived need for such agencies and how interactions between art, science, and technology reflected, at once, the culmination of aspirations reaching back to the opening decades of the twentieth century, and a perceived break with the past.

¿¿Nueva narrativa? Entrevista con David Toscana

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-362
Author(s):  
Pablo A. J. Brescia ◽  
Scott M. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
Latin American Narrative ◽  
Boom Latinoamericano ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Time Frames ◽  
Insight Into

This interview with Mexican writer David Toscana ponders the current state of both Mexican and Latin American narrative and serves as an insight into his own works. Toscana's statements about the recurring themes in his narrative (failure, loneliness, characters put to the test, and a tendency to play with different time frames, especially in his novels) help illustrate some of the characteristics of his fiction, which, according to various critics, is one of the most promising today in Mexico. Also noteworthy are his comments about the tendency of writers from his generation (born in the 1960s and later) to reject the legacy of the "boom" writers. Toscana's own interest is to revisit history and tradition by constructing a different voice and a different vision, a new way of seeing and hearing both the past and the present. Esta entrevista con el escritor mexicano David Toscana trata de explorar el estado actual de la narrativa mexicana y latinoamericana, améén de servir como una aproximacióón a la incipiente obra de este autor. Las respuestas de Toscana sobre los temas recurrentes en su literatura (el fracaso, la soledad, los personajes sometidos a pruebas y una tendencia a proponer diferentes marcos temporales, especialmente en sus novelas) subrayan algunos rasgos de su ficcióón, la cual, segúún la críítica especializada, es una de las máás prometedoras en el panorama mexicano de hoy. De especial interéés son los comentarios de Toscana sobre la tendencia de los escritores de su generacióón a rechazar el legado del "boom" latinoamericano. Toscana reacciona contra ese rechazo y propone una voz personal que vuelva a la historia y a la tradicióón y plantee una nueva manera de ver el pasado y el presente de Mééxico.

MIT as Catalyst for High-Technology Start-up Companies

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 409-411
Author(s):  
Karen Hersey
Keyword(s):  
Research University ◽  
High Technology ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
Success Factor ◽  
Massachusetts Institute ◽  
Massachusetts Institute Of Technology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Entrepreneurial Spirit ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Institute Of Technology

There are more than 4,000 companies providing services and products worldwide whose roots can be traced to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) educational experience. While MIT's unique origins may be partly responsible for the success of its students and faculty in starting new businesses, the main success factor is directly related to an entrepreneurial environment that has been consistently nourished, encouraged, and sustained over the past 100 years. This paper provides the reader with a glimpse of MIT as a breeding ground for entrepreneurs. Its history, its geography, its position as a leading US research university, and its continued strong links with industry are all factors in its unparalleled success as an educational environment that engenders an entrepreneurial spirit among students and faculty that is exceptional.

Basel to Boston: An Itinerary for Modernist Typography in America

Design Issues ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 28-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Wiesenberger ◽  
Elizabeth Resnick
Keyword(s):  
Graphic Design ◽  
Massachusetts Institute ◽  
Massachusetts Institute Of Technology ◽  
Lingua Franca ◽  
Visible Points ◽  
Fertile Ground ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
The 1960S

Starting in the 1960s, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) became one of the most visible points of entry in America for the so-called “Swiss-style,” a distinctive, modernist approach to graphic design. Three women were largely responsible for its success: Therese Moll, Jacqueline Casey, and Muriel Cooper. While Casey and Cooper have begun to get their due, Moll—a visiting designer from Basel—remains almost unknown. This article examines why MIT provided such fertile ground for this style, before it became the lingua franca of corporate modernism, and how, by the 1980s, it traveled from print to screens.

scholarly journals Interview with Jianying Du, Kerstin Dofs and Moira Hobbs on Friday, November 4th, 2016, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST)

2017 ◽  
pp. 194-197
Author(s):  
Wen Shanshan
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Associate Professor ◽  
Independent Learning ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
International Conference ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
Insight Into

Before the successful convening of the 7th International Conference of the Independent Learning Association (ILA) 2016 at HUST, Associate Professor Du in our School of Foreign Languages of HUST interviewed Kerstin Dofs and Moira Hobbs on November the 4th in the Figaro cafeteria on campus to gain further insight into independent learning. Both Kerstin and Moira come from New Zealand, where Kerstin is currently the Manager of the Language Self Access Centre (LSAC) at Ara Institute of Canterbury in Christchurch and Moira is the Manager of the Language (Self-Access) Learning Centre at Unitec Institute of Technology in Auckland. They are co-convenors assisting Jianying with arrangements for the ILA Conference at HUST.

scholarly journals Policy Dialogue: Online Education as Space and Place

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 534-545
Author(s):  
Carroll Pursell ◽  
Toru Iiyoshi
Keyword(s):  
Online Education ◽  
Educational Innovation ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Leonardo Da Vinci ◽  
History Of Technology ◽  
Policy Dialogue ◽  
Massachusetts Institute Of Technology ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Institute Of Technology

AbstractThe rise of online learning over the past few decades has raised fundamental questions about the kinds of “spaces” and “places” this mode of education creates. Do they support meaningful exchanges? Can they advance educational equity, access, and community-building? Are they comparable to in-person classroom experiences? The recent COVID pandemic and the global turn toward virtual learning in response have brought such questions into sharp relief. These were the questions and contextual factors that brought distinguished historian Carroll Pursell and international educational technology authority Toru Iiyoshi together for this policy dialogue. Their conversation takes readers on a wide-ranging discussion about the interplay between education, technology, and society writ large. And they offer insights into the past, present, and likely future of education in an era of accelerating technological change.Carroll Pursell is the Adeline Barry Davee Distinguished Professor of History (Emeritus) at Case Western Reserve University and Distinguished Honorary Professor of History at the Australian National University. He held faculty positions at the University of California at Santa Barbara and served as the Andrew W. Mellon Distinguished Professor of the Humanities at Lehigh University. Pursell is a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), and former president of both the International Committee for the History of Technology (ICOHTEC) and the Society for the History of Technology (SHOT), which also awarded him its Leonardo da Vinci Medal for outstanding contributions to the history of technology.Toru Iiyoshi is professor and director at the Center for the Promotion of Excellence in Higher Education at Kyoto University. Previously, he was a senior scholar and director of the Knowledge Media Laboratory at the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. He also served as senior strategist in the Office of Educational Innovation and Technology at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Iiyoshi is a member of the World Economic Forum's Global Agenda Council on Technology and Education and past recipient of the Outstanding Practice Award in Instructional Development and the Robert M. Gagne Award for Research in Instructional Design from the Association for Educational Communications and Technology.HEQ Policy Dialogues are, by design, intended to promote an informal, free exchange of ideas between scholars. At the end of the exchange, we offer a list of references to readers who wish to follow up on sources relevant to the discussion.

Giuseppe Bruni 1873–1946

1950 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Schidrowitz
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Chemistry ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Solid Solutions ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Structural Chemistry ◽  
Massachusetts Institute ◽  
Massachusetts Institute Of Technology ◽  
Institute Of Technology

Abstract Giuseppe Bruni, a pioneer in the development of structural chemistry and the chemistry of solid solutions and isomorphism, and also outstanding for his researches in the chemistry and technology of rubber, was born in Parma, Italy, in 1873, and died in Milan in 1946. The news of Bruni's passing did not, for some unexplained reason, become known to most of his many friends and admirers abroad until the end of 1949. After graduating in Parma in 1896, he joined the renowned Ciamician at Bologna University, where for nearly ten years he worked mainly on the nature and theory of solid solutions and of isomorphism. In 1908, he summed up his researches in this field in a monograph entitled “Solid Solutions and Isomorphism,” published in Germany under the title “Feste Lösungen und Isomorphismus.” He temporarily left Bologna to work with van't Hoff in 1900–1901, and the latter subsequently emphasized the importance of Bruni's researches in the following words: “Ce savant à contribué d'une partie prépondérante à l'adoption des lois sur les solutions solides et les mélanges isomorphes, qui, sans son intervention auraient été troublée par des notions confuses.” [This scholar and master has contributed in a major way to the establishment of the laws of solid solutions and of isomorphic mixtures, for without the part which he played, the formulation of these laws would have been beset by a confusion of ideas.] The year 1907 saw Bruni appointed to the Chair of General and Inorganic Chemistry at Padua, where for a decade he conducted researches on diffusion in the solid state, on the cryoscopic method, etc. In 1917 he was appointed Professor of General and Inorganic Chemistry at the Polytechnic School of Milan—an institution similar in character to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He held this post until shortly before his death. In the following, a brief résumé is given of his work in rubber science and technology.

The ELIZA Effect

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-67
Author(s):  
Simone Natale
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
The United States ◽  
Science Literature ◽  
Massachusetts Institute Of Technology ◽  
Time Sharing ◽  
Alternative Vision ◽  
Critical Approaches ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
The 1960S

This chapter focuses on ELIZA, the first chatbot program, developed in the 1960s at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology by Joseph Weizenbaum to engage in written conversations with users of the MAC time-sharing system. The program’s alleged capacity for conversation attracted the attention of audiences in the United States and the world, and Weizenbaum’s book Computer Power and Human Reasons (1976) drew readers from well outside his discipline of computer science. In the process, the program presented AI in ways that sharply contrasted with the vision of human-machine symbiosis that dominated approaches to human-computer interaction at the time. Drawing on Weizenbaum’s writings, computer science literature, and journalistic reports, the chapter argues that the impact of this alternative vision was not without consequence, informing the development of critical approaches to digital media as well as of actual technologies and pragmatic strategies in AI research.

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