Effect of field storage on quantity and quality of sorghum(sorghum bicolor moech) stover and lablab (lablab purpureus [L] sweet) haulm

1993 ◽  
Vol 1993 ◽  
pp. 199-199
Author(s):  
Aichi J Kitalyi ◽  
E Owen ◽  
L A Mtenga
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Lablab Purpureus ◽  
Tropical Africa ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Qualitative Changes

In situ grazing is the most common method of feeding crop residues in semi-arid tropical Africa. The prevailing method of storing is to leave the crop residues standing in the field until grazing. Although such field storage would be expected to result in reduced nutritive value (eg loss of leaf), costs of residue harvesting (eg baling) and storing using conventional forage conservation methods would probably be prohibitive to small-scale farmers (Mlay, 1987).There is a dearth of information on quantitative and qualitative changes in crop residues left standing in fields after grain harvesting. A study was therefore carried out at Mpwapwa, Tanzania to measure the effects of varying the duration of field storage upon the quantity and quality of sorghum stover and lablab bean haulm.

Adoption and Commercialization of Green Corn, Green Corn –Based Silage, Haylage and Ummb Production for Dairy Cattle in Cagayan Valley, Philippines

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 82-92
Author(s):  
Eva U. Cammayo ◽  
Nilo E. Padilla
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Feed Resources ◽  
Dry Spell ◽  
Dairy Animals

This research aimed to improve dairy production and increase the income of dairy farmers using locally available feed resources. Small-scale milk producers rely heavily on available feed resources in the locality which are either indigenous in the area or introduced species for feed and nutrition of their dairy cattle and buffalos. Their milk output depends mainly on seasonal fluctuations in the quality and quantity of natural forage. Crop residues such as corn stover and rice straw which are high in fiber but low in nutrients serve as a feed supplement and filler to the daily diets of dairy cattle and buffalos. Cagayan Valley is an ear of top corn and rice-producing region. The potential of crop residues as feed supplements or raw materials of dairy cattle/buffalo feed mix is great. But dairy farmers still face the scarcity problem of quality feed resources for dairy animals especially during the dry season. The supply of forage is very low during the dry spell. Inadequate feed mix and low nutritive value of feed mix result in low or no milk production. Producing green corn and ensiling it to produce green corn silage preserves and prolong the storage life of forages. In this way, a stable supply of feed mix for dairy animals is assured year-round. Type of Paper: Empirical. Keywords: adoption and commercialization, dairy industry, financial viability, green-corn silage production, indigenous grasses, smallholder farmers.

Influence of maturity stage on in situ dry matter degradability of six maize varieties in fistulated sheep

2001 ◽  
Vol 2001 ◽  
pp. 89-89
Author(s):  
M. A. Akbar ◽  
P. Lebzien ◽  
G. Flachowsky
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Feed Value ◽  
Two Stages

The fresh weight, dry matter (DM) contents and nutritional quality in maize vary considerably with variation in varieties, stages at which harvested, climatic conditions and agronomic factors. Recently, agronomists, nutritionists, and dairy producers have placed increased emphasis on factors affecting the nutritive value of maize. However, very little information is available on quantitative variability of the feed value of maize fodder as affected by such factors. This study was, therefore, carried out to assess the effect of harvesting of six different maize varieties at two stages (dates) of grain maturity on quality of both the stover and cobs.

C ase S tudy : Yield and quality of traditional senescent and stay-green sorghum and in situ ruminal disappearance of respective crop residues

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 748-755
Author(s):  
J.D. Sugg ◽  
P.B. Campanili ◽  
J.O. Sarturi ◽  
M.A. Ballou ◽  
S.J. Trojan
Keyword(s):  
Crop Residues ◽  
Stay Green ◽  
Yield And Quality

Review: The composition and availability of straw and chaff from small grain cereals for beef cattle in western Canada

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. McCartney ◽  
H. C. Block ◽  
P. L. Dubeski ◽  
A. J. Ohama
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Leaf Sheath ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Nutrition Research ◽  
Cereal Grain

Small cereal grain residues are heterogeneous feeds consisting of several botanical fractions: chaff, grain, leaf blade, leaf sheath, internode and node. These parts vary in composition, digestibility, resistance to comminution, intake potential and energy availability. Large differences in the nutritional quality of straw and chaff may occur from year to year and between locations due to effects of environmental conditions on botanical composition and cell anatomy. Stage of maturity, harvest method and weathering will influence composition and quality of the most nutritious parts of cereal residues, the leaf and chaff. In addition, cultivars and species differ in the proportion, anatomy and digestibility of botanical fractions. As a result, the quality of crop residues is highly variable with an economic value that is difficult to accurately assess. Cereal straw and chaff are of low economic value as they are low in nutritive value, where nutritive value is the product of nutrient intake, digestibility, and efficiency of use. However, due to availability, cereal crop residues have the potential to be a substantial feed resource for beef cows. Previous reviews have not focused on straw and chaff nutrition research relevant to use by beef cattle in western Canada. This review includes discussions on yield and nutritive value with a focus on identifying information deficiencies, including the lack of detailed production statistics for determining residue yields on a regional bases and the need for more detailed nutrient composition to update regional feed data bases for western Canada. Key words: Straw, chaff, nutrient quality, beef cattle

scholarly journals Identification of strategies for enhancing member commitment in Greek agricultural cooperatives: The opinion of cooperative experts

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. e3777
Author(s):  
Tilemachos Manousakis ◽  
Panagiota Sergaki ◽  
Gert Van Dijk
Keyword(s):  
Small Scale ◽  
Agricultural Cooperatives ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Quality Of Information ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Member Commitment ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
Poor Management

In the era of globalization, where competition is growing intensively, the cooperation between small scale farmers can assist them to be sustainable and survive. However, the situation with cooperatives in Greece is found to be on a downward trend due to their poor economic performance, which is later expressed by the diminished commitment of their members. In order to address the described problem we employed a qualitative study consisted of 10 guided interviewees with “cooperative experts”. Through the interviews the participants were asked to clarify their opinions on two major themes: 1) Common Greek cooperative issues, and 2) Suggestions on strategies employed by cooperatives to enhance members’ commitment. Through our analysis we identified the issues related to the poor management of the cooperatives of the past as the major problems of cooperative in Greece. Regarding the strategies for enhancing commitment of members, the majority of participants highlighted the importance of improving the communication and quality of information provided by the coop to its members for building strong bond of trust and ultimately enhancing their commitment. Although, the improvement of communication takes time and requires consistent effort. Hence, cooperatives may act on employing the appropriate experts in order to improve their process of production and marketing. Strengthening the levels of expertise in the economic activities of the cooperative may assist on the satisfaction of members and enhance their commitment to the coop.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the yield performance of maize cultivars (Zea mays L.) Semi-Arid Region of the Eastern Cape Province in South Africa

2021 ◽  
pp. 327-330
Author(s):  
Mtyobile Mxolisi
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Maize Cultivars ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Maize is considered as one of the important grain crop in the world. Maize is in high demand within district because it is one of the staple food and also used for animal feed. Current yield attained by small scale farmers is lower than the potential of our existing varieties. In field experiment at Njizweni situated in Gqeleni sub-district was conducted in November 2018 to evaluate the agronomic and yield performance maize cultivars in a semi-arid environment. Plant population, plant height, leaf area, number of cobs/plant, cob length, number of grains per cob, 100 grain weight and number of cobs were significantly different (p<0.05) between cultivars. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) on maize grain yield although maximum number of cobs per plant (1.76) was recorded on PAN 6R-710BR, PAN5R-591R, BG 5285 and WE 6208B.

Nutritional quality of grain of Australian cultivars of lablab bead (Lablab purpureus)

1985 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 169 ◽  
Author(s):  
LJ Lambourne ◽  
IM Wood
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Lablab Purpureus ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Feeding Trials ◽  
Nutritional Studies

Nutritional studies using rats have shown that the grains of Rongai and Highworth, the current commercial cultivars of lablab bean in Australia, and of CPI41222, a white-seeded accession, have low nutritive value. Diets containing raw beans of the three accessions at levels up to 12% crude protein led to severe weight losses of up to 0.89 g/day compared with weight gains of up to 2.8 g/day with autoclaved soybean meal. Autoclaving for 20 min or boiling the grain improved growth rates only marginally. Increasing the period of autoclaving reduced the feeding value; extraction of the grain with saline solution or treatment with formaldehyde failed to improve it. These results are consistent with previous reports of the presence in lablab beans of a heat-labile phytohaemagglutinin. Blood haemoglobin levels were signifycantly depressed on diets which contained Highworth beans. The proteins of all accessions contained low levels of the sulfur-containing amino acids; a deficiency of methionine was confirmed by feeding trials. The level of histidine in the lablab protein was about 50% higher than in soybean and, in supplementation trials, additions of histidine reduced growth rates. In two feeding trials, there were good correlations (R2=0.85 and 0.92) between weight gains and digestible dry matter intake, indicating that the differences in growth rates were primarily the result of differences in intake. Intakes of digestible dry matter and digestible crude protein and the digestibilities of dry matter and crude protein were all significantly lower with Rongai than with the other two accessions. These differences do not appear to be associated with the quality of the protein as shown by amino acid analyses or by the responses to supplementation with essential amino acids. They also do not appear to be associated with seed coat colour, seed size or crude protein content of the grain.

scholarly journals Tropical Maize Synthetics Breeding in Moisture-Stress Tolerance for Small-Scale Farmers in Brazilian Semi Arid Regions

2004 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
E.E.G. Gama ◽  
S.N. Parentoni ◽  
F.O.M. Durães ◽  
C.E.P. Leite ◽  
M.X. Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Tropical Maize ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
Semi Arid
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