Nutritional quality of grain of Australian cultivars of lablab bead (Lablab purpureus)

1985 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 169 ◽  
Author(s):  
LJ Lambourne ◽  
IM Wood
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Lablab Purpureus ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Feeding Trials ◽  
Nutritional Studies

Nutritional studies using rats have shown that the grains of Rongai and Highworth, the current commercial cultivars of lablab bean in Australia, and of CPI41222, a white-seeded accession, have low nutritive value. Diets containing raw beans of the three accessions at levels up to 12% crude protein led to severe weight losses of up to 0.89 g/day compared with weight gains of up to 2.8 g/day with autoclaved soybean meal. Autoclaving for 20 min or boiling the grain improved growth rates only marginally. Increasing the period of autoclaving reduced the feeding value; extraction of the grain with saline solution or treatment with formaldehyde failed to improve it. These results are consistent with previous reports of the presence in lablab beans of a heat-labile phytohaemagglutinin. Blood haemoglobin levels were signifycantly depressed on diets which contained Highworth beans. The proteins of all accessions contained low levels of the sulfur-containing amino acids; a deficiency of methionine was confirmed by feeding trials. The level of histidine in the lablab protein was about 50% higher than in soybean and, in supplementation trials, additions of histidine reduced growth rates. In two feeding trials, there were good correlations (R2=0.85 and 0.92) between weight gains and digestible dry matter intake, indicating that the differences in growth rates were primarily the result of differences in intake. Intakes of digestible dry matter and digestible crude protein and the digestibilities of dry matter and crude protein were all significantly lower with Rongai than with the other two accessions. These differences do not appear to be associated with the quality of the protein as shown by amino acid analyses or by the responses to supplementation with essential amino acids. They also do not appear to be associated with seed coat colour, seed size or crude protein content of the grain.

scholarly journals Effect of stage of harvest on dry matter yield and nutritive value of lablab purpureus, Centrosema pubescens and as fodder in Adamawa State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-264
Author(s):  
T. F. Mbahi ◽  
S. Maidadi ◽  
Z. A. Gworgwor ◽  
Y. Danladi
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Mucuna Pruriens ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Lablab Purpureus ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Biomass Yields

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of growth, biomas yieds and nutritive value of Lablab purpureus, Centrosema pubescens and Mucuna pruriens under rain fed condition in Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria. The field experiment was laid in a randomized complete block design with the plot divided into three main plots and replicated three times measuring 5x5m with inter and intra row spacings of 0.5m. The five harvesting stages are 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 weeks, respectively. The growth in height increases with stage of growth and declined with reduction in rainfall. Higher growth were recorded in T3 (3.8 -354.8cm) followed by T2 (2.96-260.20cm) and then T1 (1.50-213.00cm) and the results were presented graphically. The result of the chemical composition of all the legumes showed that the crude protein decreases with stage of growth from weeks 6 -14 (14.40, 12.26, 10.65-10.08, 6.79, 6.49) and ADF and NDF (25.20, 32.15, 27.35-42.13, 40.33, 36.50 and 32.20, 54.45, 47.00- 51.24, 63.53, 66.33), respectively. The biomass yields were significantly different (P<0.05) for all the legumes at different harvesting stages T1 (2744.53-3186.93), T2 (2696.47- 3006.70) and T3 (2843.73-3147.63). It is therefore concluded that legumes could best be harvested between weeks 10 and 12 when the yield and quality are at levels to sustain the animals both for maintenance and production.

scholarly journals Effect of seedbed methods and time of harvest on the yield and nutritive value of some forage crops grown on Vertisol at Debre Zeit, Ethiopia

1992 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 491-497
Author(s):  
Abate Tedla ◽  
Helena Airaksinen ◽  
M. A. Mohamed-Saleem
Keyword(s):  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Lablab Purpureus ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Time Of Harvest

The influence of the improved drainage broadbed and furrow (BBF), as opposed to the traditional flat seedbed over the growing season on the dry matter yield and nutritive value of Avena sativa, Vigna unguiculata, Lablab purpureus, Vida dasycarpa, Trifolium steudneri and Sesbania sesban were studied on Vertisol. Up to 7 t/ha dry matter yield was recorded for Avena sativa and Lablab purpureus when planted on Vertisols with improved drainage. Dry matter yield of forage crops also increased with advance in stage of maturity or subsequent harvests. On both improved and traditional flat seedbed methods, the chemical analysis of forage crops showed similar declines in crude protein content and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) levels as the maturity of forage crops progressed.

scholarly journals Chemical characteristics, aerobic stability, and microbiological counts in corn silage re-ensiled with bacterial inoculant

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 1045-1052
Author(s):  
Mateus Merlo Coelho ◽  
Lúcio Carlos Gonçalves ◽  
José Avelino Santos Rodrigues ◽  
Kelly Moura Keller ◽  
Gustavo Vinícius de Souza dos Anjos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Whole Plant

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of re-ensiling and bacterial inoculation on the quality of corn silage. The experiment was carried out in a 2x2 factorial design with or without inoculant (association of Lactobacillus plantarum and Propionibacterium acidipropionici), and with re-ensiling after 36 hours of aerobic exposure or only ensiling of the whole plant of 'BRS 1055' corn. The fermentative quality, nutritional parameters, dry matter losses, aerobic stability, and microbiological counts of silages were evaluated. Re-ensiling caused an increase of pH and in acetic acid and propionic acid concentrations, as well as in the dry matter (DM), crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and neutral detergent fiber crude protein contents. Conversely, there was a reduction in the nonfiber carbohydrates concentration and in in vitro dry matter digestibility for the re-ensiled material. All changes were explained by the higher-effluent production and DM loss of re-ensiled material that was subjected to two compactions. Microbiology was not altered by the treatments. The use of inoculant altered ash content, but it did not influence other parameters. In contrast, re-ensiling after 36 hours of aerobic exposure caused a reduction in the nutritive value of corn silage and accentuated the DM losses.

FACTORS INFLUENCING THE UTILIZATION BY RUMINANTS OF CORN SILAGE IN MARGINAL GROWING AREAS

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. FISHER ◽  
N. A. FAIREY
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Marginal Areas ◽  
Ruminant Animals ◽  
Feeding Trials

The effects of various factors which influence the utilization of silage, made from forage corn grown in marginal areas for production, by ruminant animals are reviewed, with particular reference to dairy cattle. Crop maturity and composition and their effects on important animal performance characteristics are discussed in detail. Effects of the dry matter and grain contents of the ensiled corn on the nature of silage and the resulting animal responses are also considered. The declining emphasis on assessing the quality of forage corn by its grain content, and the increased emphasis on the selection of hybrids based on shoot dry matter yields are discussed from both crop and animal production viewpoints. For instance, the results of feeding trials where high crop densities, various genetic mutants and tillering hybrids were studied are discussed. Consideration is given to the laboratory evaluation and use of various agronomic characteristics to assess the nutritive value of forage corn. It is concluded that more emphasis should be placed on the breeding of corn genotypes specifically for forage production by selecting for maximum digestible dry matter yields per unit land area, particularly when dry matter content is unlikely to exceed 25%. Evaluation of the forage potential of corn genotypes should be conducted under systems of management specifically suited to maximizing whole-crop, dry matter yields. Also, with the utilization of mutant types of corn with higher digestibilities than normal corn genotypes, routine laboratory analysis for digestibility will become necessary. The final comparison of promising genotypes will need to be done with animals capable of relatively high levels of production.

scholarly journals Fermentation characteristics and nutritive value of sweet sorghum silage with Paiaguas palisadegrass and Ipypora grass

2021 ◽  
pp. 1923-1940
Author(s):  
Nariane Coelho de Oliveira ◽  
◽  
Kátia Aparecida de Pinho Costa ◽  
Laíne Gonçalves Rodrigues ◽  
Ana Carolina Gomes Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Tropical Forages ◽  
Sorghum Silage

Ensiling sorghum with tropical forages has been shown to be a promising alternative for ruminant feed production, as this approach improves the quality of the sorghum silage. In this context, the goal of this study was to evaluate the fermentation characteristics and nutritive value of sweet sorghum silage made with different levels of Paiaguas palisadegrass and Ipypora grass. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized 2 x 6 factorial design with four replications. Two forages (Paiaguas palisadegrass and Ipypora grass) were added to sorghum at six levels (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100%), for a total of 48 experimental silos. After 50 days of fermentation, the silos were opened, and the fermentation profile and chemical composition of the silage were analysed. The results showed that the addition of Paiaguas palisadegrass and Ipypora grass to the sorghum silage increased the pH, buffering capacity and NH3-NT of the silage and reduced its dry matter content but did not affect its fermentation characteristics, which remained within an appropriate range. The addition of increasing levels of Paiaguas palisadegrass and Ipypora grass to the sorghum silage increased the crude protein and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of the silage and decreased the fibre fraction (neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre and lignin) and ether extract contents. Adding tropical forages to sorghum silage material at levels above 40% is recommended. Among forage crops, addition of Paiaguas palisadegrass to sorghum silage resulted in higher content of crude protein and IVDMD. Mixed silages can be an effective alternative to improve the quality of forage sorghum silage.

Influence of Hoary Alyssum (Berteroa incana) on Quality of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Forage and Its Utilization by Goats

Weed Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-284
Author(s):  
Gilles D. Leroux ◽  
R. Gordon Harvey ◽  
Neal A. Jorgensen ◽  
Michael Collins
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Capra Hircus ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Animal Utilization

The chemical composition and the utilization by domestic goats (Capra hircusL. ‘Saanen’) of alfalfa (Medicago sativaL.) hay and silage that contained or did not contain hoary alyssum [Berteroa incana(L.) DC. ♯ BEFIN] was studied. Alfalfa was higher in quality than hoary alyssum; crude protein (CP) was 38% higher, and the neutral- and acid-detergent fiber (NDF and ADF) were 18 and 29% lower, respectively. Less CP and more ADF were found in weedy hay than in other forages. Animal utilization, as measured by the dry-matter intake, digestible dry-matter intake, relative intake, and nutritive value index were greater for weed-free than for weedy forages. Hoary alyssum was more deleterious in chopped silage than in long hay, because of selective refusal of the weed by goats that were fed hay. The presence of hoary alyssum in alfalfa decreased its utilization by ruminants.

scholarly journals The nutritive value of silages Digestion of nitrogenous constituents in sheep receiving diets of grass silage and grass silage and barley.

1980 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Thomas ◽  
D. G. Chamberlain ◽  
N. C. Kelly ◽  
M. K. Wait
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Diaminopimelic Acid ◽  
Total N ◽  
Marked Influence ◽  
Grass Silage

Two experiments were conducted to study the digestion of nitrogenous constituents in the rumen, small intestine and caecum and colon of sheep given diets of grass silage or grass silage and barley. Three silages were used. One was made from first-harvest grass in the spring and the others from regrowth grass cut in either early autumn or late autumn. All were of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and were preserved with formic acid.Expt 1 involved a comparison between the spring silage given alone (644 g dry matter (DM)/d) and the spring silage supplemented with barley (151 g DM/d). The intakes (g/d) of total nitrogen for the silage diet and for the supplemented diet were 14.89 and 17.36. Corresponding values (g/d) for N passage were 15.55 and 18.53 (P < 0.01) at the duodenum, 6.01 and 7.09 at the ileum and 5.06 and 5.52 in the faeces. The barley supplement had no significant (P < 0.05) effect on rumen ammonia-N- concentration.Expt 2 involved a comparison between the two autumn-cut silages each offered at a level of feeding of approximately 700 g DM/d. The intakes (g/d) of total N for the early-cut silage and for the late-cut silage were 21.67 and 15.62 respectively. Corresponding values (g/d) for N passage were 17.10 and 16.96 at the duodenum, 6.65 and 6.80 at the ileum and 4.5 and 5.22 in the faeces. The concentration of NH3-N in the rumen was significantly (P < 0.001) higher with the early-cut silage than with the late-cut silage.In both experiments the rates of bacterial crude protein (N × 6.25) synthesis in the rumen, estimated using α, ε-diaminopimelic acid as a marker, were low, 142 and 161 g crude protein/kg organic matter apparently digested in the rumen for the spring silage and the spring silage and barley diets respectively, and 68 and 103 g crude protein/kg organic matter apparently digested in the rumen for the early-cut autumn silage and the late-cut autumn silage respectively. For all diets there was a relatively low contribution of bacterial crude protein to the duodenal passage of crude protein and the amounts of individual amino acids ingested in the diets had a marked influence on the amino acids passing to the duodenum and as a consequence on the mixture of amino acids taken up from the small intestine.The results are discussed in relation to the nutritive value of silage N for ruminants.

scholarly journals PRODUKSI PAKAN FUNGSIONAL MENGANDUNG TIGA SENYAWA BIOAKTIF DARI AMPAS TAHU DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN Mikroba Effective Microorganism-4 DAN Lactobacillus plantarum

BUANA SAINS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Budi Santosa ◽  
Eka Fitasari ◽  
Gatut Suliana
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Crude Lipid ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Effective Microorganism

Tofu waste is a waste product from tofu processing which is known as high protein sources. Its use as feed has a problem due to the antinutrient content and lower amino acids. Effective microorganism (EM4) is a mixture of some microbes that are used to improve the quality of feed. Lactobacillus plantarum is facultative bacteria heterofermentatif group that has a high ability to ferment carbohydrates. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of both of these bacteria to ferment tofu waste and its influence on the increase in the content of nutrients and amino acids. This study used a Random Nested Design with 2 factor: Factor 1 was type of microbe (EM4 and Lactobacillus plantarum), factor 2 was the concentration of microbes which consists of 5 levels (1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% , v / w), each treatments was repeated 3 times. The results showed that the average treatment gave very significant effect on dry matter, anorganic matter, crude fiber, crude protein and had significant effect on crude lipid and gross energy. The treatments of 20% concentration of Lactobacillus plantarum giving highest yield on gross energy, crude fiber, calcium and fosfor.

Forage Quality and Animal Performance as Influenced by Quackgrass (Agropyron repens) Control in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) with Pronamide

Weed Science ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Dutt ◽  
R. G. Harvey ◽  
R. S. Fawcett ◽  
N. A. Jorgensen ◽  
H. J. Larsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Forage Quality ◽  
Feeding Trials ◽  
Digestible Crude Protein ◽  
Supplemental Protein ◽  
Agropyron Repens

Fall applications of pronamide [3,5-dichloro(N-1,1-dimethyl-2-propynyl)benzamide] control or suppress quackgrass [Agropyron repens(L.) Beauv.] in established alfalfa (Medicago sativaL.). Studies were initiated to evaluate benefits of pronamide usage in areas where quackgrass is a problem. Alfalfa swards severely infested with quackgrass were treated with pronamide. Forage quality of first cutting alfalfa was significantly improved with pronamide usage, but second and third cutting forage quality was not greatly affected. First cutting hay from pronamide-treated and untreated areas was fed to goats and dairy cows in feeding trials. Animal intake of total forage dry matter, digestible dry matter, and digestible crude protein was increased with pronamide usage. A reduction in need for supplemental protein, an increase in efficiency in dry matter conversion into milk, and a 20% increase in milk production resulted from controlling quackgrass in alfalfa with pronamide.

The nutritive value of sugar beet pulp treated with Neurospora Sitophila

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 ◽  
pp. 151-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Rouzbehan ◽  
S. A. Shojaosadati
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Sugar Beet Pulp ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
Ruminant Animals

In Iran, the availability of the protein supplements resources for ruminant animals is low. Therefore, protein enrichment of fibrous substrates such as sugar beet pulp (SBP) could make this by-product to be used as a protein supplement for livestock. Several workers have studied the effect of different fungi on the concentration of crude protein in the SBP (Lena and Quaglia, 1992; Shojaosadati et al, 1999). However, very little information is available in the literature regarding the effect of Neurospora Sitophila (NS) fungi on the nutrients digestibility as well as the protein quality of SBP for ruminants. Therefore, this experiment was carried out to study the changes in the chemical composition, the digestibility of dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) and the protein degradability of SBP treated with NS.

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