Long-range Navigation Techniques for the Supersonic Transport

1968 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Waldman
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Navigation System ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Flight Crew ◽  
Supersonic Transport ◽  
Practical Guidelines ◽  
System Verification ◽  
The Military ◽  
Flight Deck

In this paper, presented by the International Air Navigators Council, and written by its Executive Vice Chairman, the navigation of the S.S.T. is considered from the practising navigator's point of view. Extrapolating from present procedures the conclusion is drawn that navigation system verification should continue to be the responsibility of flight-deck management, that self-contained D.R. systems should be monitored by an externally referenced aid, that raw navigational data should continue to be available to the flight crew and finally that simplicity and reliability in navigation systems should be preferred to finite accuracy.Consideration of an environment in which operational data and experience are limited to the military is a difficult assignment at the best of times. In order to discuss, with some degree of intelligence, the long-range navigation system considered desirable in the supersonic environment, we have relied mainly on the process of extrapolation using existing data and operational ‘know how’ to formulate practical guidelines.

Loran-Inertial Navigation Systems for Long-Range Use

1965 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-329
Author(s):  
Loren E. De Groot
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Navigation System ◽  
Inertial Navigation ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Inertial Navigation Systems ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Flight Testing ◽  
Successful Development ◽  
Range Use

Loran C, a long-range hyperbolic navigation system, is currently used in transoceanic aircraft only to provide periodic position up-dating of primary self-contained navigation systems. The successful development and flight testing of an automatic coordinate converter has recently shown that the potential of the Loran system of navigation is vastly greater than past utilization has indicated. This paper briefly discusses the advantages of combining an increased capability Loran sub-system and an unsophisticated inertial sub-system within the framework provided by a heavy logistics support aircraft.

GPS in the Year 2000 and Beyond

1987 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-182
Author(s):  
Colonel Phillip J. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
New Policies ◽  
New Applications ◽  
The Military ◽  
Year 2000 ◽  
Types Of Change

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a military positioning and navigation system that, like all radio navigation systems, will also be used by the civil community. The system has just completed a transition from the development phase into production. In order to speculate on how the GPS will look in the year 2000 and beyond, a determination must first be made on how the system will look in the 1990s after it has become fully operational and has gained some maturity. As the system is being fielded and after it is operational, certain pressures will be exerted to change the system. These pressures will tend to make it change, and various types of change could occur. These potential changes will be examined primarily from the point of view of the civil use of GPS. The pressures come from at least four sources: the military needs of GPS, money, technological innovation and user requirements. These pressures could also cause changes to occur in the various GPS plans and policies associated with civil use. The pressures and/or new policies and plans could affect the GPS hardware and software. In addition to system or policy changes, new applications of GPS will surface and new ways of installing and integrating GPS on various platforms will emerge.

scholarly journals Computer-based method for the technical condition evaluation of the Cardan inertial navigation system for the highly maneuverable aircraft

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 344-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Szelmanowski ◽  
Mirosław Nowakowski ◽  
Zbigniew Jakielaszek ◽  
Piotr Rogala
Keyword(s):  
Navigation System ◽  
Inertial Navigation ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Inertial Navigation Systems ◽  
Condition Evaluation ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
The Military ◽  
Mathematical Relationships

Paper presents the original computer-based method of the technical condition evaluation of the analog inertial navigation systems on the basis of the calculated inertial speed course analysis. There are presented the mathematical relationships describing the influence of the angular velocity and linear accelerations sensors errors (used in inertial navigation systems on board the military aircraft) with the relation to the discrepancies of the calculated pilot-navigational parameters (such as inertial speed components and navigational position coordinates). On the example of the Cardan navigation system IKW-8 (used on board the highly-maneuverable SU-22 aircraft) there are presented the inertial speed course measurement and analysis possibilities as well as the criteria of technical condition evaluation and determination of the tendency of its changes.

Asiana Airlines Flight 214

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Chow ◽  
Stephen Yortsos ◽  
Najmedin Meshkati
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Aviation Safety ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Flight Crew ◽  
Pilot Performance ◽  
Engineering Designs ◽  
Flight Deck

This article focuses on a major human factors–related issue that includes the undeniable role of cultural factors and cockpit automation and their serious impact on flight crew performance, communication, and aviation safety. The report concentrates on the flight crew performance of the Boeing 777–Asiana Airlines Flight 214 accident, by exploring issues concerning mode confusion and autothrottle systems. It also further reviews the vital role of cultural factors in aviation safety and provides a brief overview of past, related accidents. Automation progressions have been created in an attempt to design an error-free flight deck. However, to do that, the pilot must still thoroughly understand every component of the flight deck – most importantly, the automation. Otherwise, if pilots are not completely competent in terms of their automation, the slightest errors can lead to fatal accidents. As seen in the case of Asiana Flight 214, even though engineering designs and pilot training have greatly evolved over the years, there are many cultural, design, and communication factors that affect pilot performance. It is concluded that aviation systems designers, in cooperation with pilots and regulatory bodies, should lead the strategic effort of systematically addressing the serious issues of cockpit automation, human factors, and cultural issues, including their interactions, which will certainly lead to better solutions for safer flights.

Utilisation of Robotic Navigation Systems in the Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Richard Schilling ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Catheter Ablation ◽  
Navigation System ◽  
Antiarrhythmic Drugs ◽  
Rhythm Control ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Robotic Navigation ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Common Strategy ◽  
Catheter Navigation

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is linked to an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events. While rhythm control with antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) is a common strategy for managing patients with AF, catheter ablation may be a more efficacious and safer alternative to AADs for sinus rhythm control. Conventional catheter ablation has been associated with challenges during the arrhythmia mapping and ablation stages; however, the introduction of two remote catheter navigation systems (a robotic and a magnetic navigation system) may potentially overcome these challenges. Initial clinical experience with the robotic navigation system suggests that it offers similar procedural times, efficacy and safety to conventional manual ablation. Furthermore, it has been associated with reduced fluoroscopy exposure to the patient and the operator as well as a shorter fluoroscopy time compared with conventional catheter ablation. In the future, the remote navigation systems may become routinely used for complex catheter ablation procedures.

Мобильные навигационные комплексы на отечественных суперярких светодиодах для освоения Арктики

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 338-343
Author(s):  
Д.В. Васильев ◽  
А.И. Лаврюшин
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Optical Axis ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Glide Path ◽  
Mobile Navigation ◽  
Path System

Рассмотрен потенциал возможностей светотехнических мобильных навигационных комплексов, обеспечивающих дальний привод летательных аппаратов по глиссаде. Основа комплекса – ​суперяркие монохромные светодиоды производства компании ООО «НПЦ ОЭП «ОПТЭЛ». Для сравнения характеристик светодиодов для задач навигации выбран новый параметр – ​распределение освещенности в плоскости, перпендикулярной оптической оси светодиода. Параметр влияет на массо-­габаритные и тактико-­технические характеристики проектируемых изделий. The article discusses the possibility of creating lighting mobile navigation systems that provide long-range drive of aircraft along the glide path. System base – ​monochrome LEDs of LLC SPCOD “OPTEL”. A new parameter was proposed for navigation issues – ​the distribution of illumination in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the LED. The parameter affects the overall dimensions and tactical and technical characteristics of the designed products.

scholarly journals The Difficult alliance. Military cooperation between the ruthenian king Daniel and the Piasts of Mazovia

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-112
Author(s):  
Michał Skoczyński
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
The Other ◽  
Political Strategy ◽  
Military Cooperation ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Historical Methodology ◽  
The Military

Abstract The article presents the military cooperation between the King of Galician-Volhynian Ruthenia, Daniel Romanowicz, and the Dukes of Mazovia, Konrad and his son Siemowit. The alliance, based as a counterweight for the cooperation between the King of Hungary and the Piast princes of Lesser Poland, who were trying to conquer Ruthenia and dominate all Piast principalities in then fragmented Poland. It lasted for several decades from the 1220’s to the 1260’s and was primarly aimed at mutual protection against the invasions of the pagan Yotvingians and supporting each other in armed conflicts. The text contains an analysis of war expeditions, tactics and ways of support that were given by both sides of the allianace. It is a new point of view on this aspect of political strategy of both sides that in some ways defined the regional situation. Ruthenians granted masovian Piasts some mobile and political uncommited support in fight with their relatives in Poland, and also secured their border with the Yotvingians. On the other hand, masovian knights were an additional strike force in ruthenian plundering expeditions to Yotvingia. The research was based on the analysis of preserved historical sources and scientific literature using historical methodology.

scholarly journals MS-2 Minimally invasive glioma surgery with navigation system and tubular retractor

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. ii2-ii3
Author(s):  
Kazuhiko Kurozumi
Keyword(s):  
Navigation System ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Glioma Surgery ◽  
Tubular Retractor ◽  
Neuronavigation System ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Neurological Surgery

Abstract Navigation systems are reliable and safe for neurological surgery. Navigation is an attractive and innovative therapeutic option. Recently, endo and exoscopic surgeries have been gradually increasing in neurosurgery. We are currently trialing to use 4K and 8K systems to improve the accuracy and safety of our surgical procedures. Surgeries for deep-seated tumors are challenging because of the difficulty in creating a corridor and observing the interface between lesions and the normal area. In total, 315 patients underwent surgery at Okayama University between 2017 and 2019. Among them, we experienced 92 glioma surgeries using navigation systems. Preoperatively, we performed computed tomography imaging and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the neuronavigation system. We experienced Curve(TM) Image Guided Surgery (BrainLab, Munich, Germany). The surgical trajectory was planned with functional MRI and diffusion tensor imaging to protect the eloquent area and critical vasculature of the brain. We used a clear plastic tubular retractor system, the ViewSite Brain Access System, for surgery of deep seated gliomas. We gently inserted and placed the ViewSite using the neuronavigation. The tumor was observed and resected through the ViewSite tubular retractor under a microscope and endoscope. If the tumor was large, we switched the ViewSite tubular retractor to brain spatulas to identify the boundary between the normal brain and lesion. We are currently using the combination of the tubular retractor and brain spatulas using navigation system. Here, we present and analyze our preoperative simulation, surgical procedure, and outcomes.

An Improved and Efficient Algorithm for SINS/GPS/Doppler Integrated Navigation Systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 323-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ushaq ◽  
Jian Cheng Fang
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
Navigation System ◽  
Inertial Navigation System ◽  
Inertial Sensor ◽  
Inertial Navigation ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Integrated Navigation ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Position Errors

Inertial navigation systems exhibit position errors that tend to grow with time in an unbounded mode. This degradation is due, in part, to errors in the initialization of the inertial measurement unit and inertial sensor imperfections such as accelerometer biases and gyroscope drifts. Mitigation to this growth and bounding the errors is to update the inertial navigation system periodically with external position (and/or velocity, attitude) fixes. The synergistic effect is obtained through external measurements updating the inertial navigation system using Kalman filter algorithm. It is a natural requirement that the inertial data and data from the external aids be combined in an optimal and efficient manner. In this paper an efficient method for integration of Strapdown Inertia Navigation System (SINS), Global Positioning System (GPS) and Doppler radar is presented using a centralized linear Kalman filter by treating vector measurements with uncorrelated errors as scalars. Two main advantages have been obtained with this improved scheme. First is the reduced computation time as the number of arithmetic computation required for processing a vector as successive scalar measurements is significantly less than the corresponding number of operations for vector measurement processing. Second advantage is the improved numerical accuracy as avoiding matrix inversion in the implementation of covariance equations improves the robustness of the covariance computations against round off errors.

1—by Captain A. Wepster

1963 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-398
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Travel Time ◽  
Long Range ◽  
The United States ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Ship Routing ◽  
Waves And Currents ◽  
Meteorological Institute

In 1960 Hanssen and James described to the Institute a system developed and used by the United States Hydrographic Office for selecting the optimum track for transoceanic crossings by applying long-range predictions of winds, waves and currents to a knowledge of how the routed vessel reacts to these variables. The paper (Journal, 13, 253) described how, over a period of two years, an average reduction in travel time of 14 hours was achieved over 1000 optimum routes.In the present papers, presented at an Institute meeting held in London on 19 April, Captain Wepster of the Holland-America Line first of all goes into the benefits which effective ship routing offers the ship operator and then describes the results of the experimental routing programme undertaken by his Company in association with the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute. Mr. Verploegh of that Institute then discusses the programme from the forecaster's point of view.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document