Tem analysis of multiple-energy arsenic implanted and Rta'd silicon

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 246-247
Author(s):  
R.A. Herring
Keyword(s):  
Device Fabrication ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Tem Analysis ◽  
Defect Clusters ◽  
High Fluences ◽  
Small Defect ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Factor Type

Rapid thermal annealing (RTA) of ion-implanted Si is important for device fabrication. The defect structures of 2.5, 4.0, and 6.0 MeV As-implanted silicon irradiated to fluences of 2E14, 4E14, and 6E14, respectively, have been analyzed by electron diffraction both before and after RTA at 1100°C for 10 seconds. At such high fluences and energies the implanted As ions change the Si from crystalline to amorphous. Three distinct amorphous regions emerge due to the three implantation energies used (Fig. 1). The amorphous regions are separated from each other by crystalline Si (marked L1, L2, and L3 in Fig. 1) which contains a high concentration of small defect clusters. The small defect clusters were similar to what had been determined earlier as being amorphous zones since their contrast was principally of the structure-factor type that arises due to the difference in extinction distance between the matrix and damage regions.

scholarly journals Antibiotic susceptibility trend before and after long-term use of selective digestive decontamination: a 16 year ecological study

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 2289-2294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanire Lloréns-Villar ◽  
Fernando Tusell ◽  
Andrés Canut ◽  
Helena Barrasa ◽  
Esther Corral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interrupted Time Series ◽  
National Registry ◽  
Selective Digestive Decontamination ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Susceptibility Data ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The University ◽  
Susceptibility Rate

Abstract Objectives The aim of this study was to compare antimicrobial susceptibility rates in a Spanish ICU before and after the introduction of selective digestive decontamination (SDD) and also to compare these with susceptibility data from other Spanish ICUs without SDD. Methods We performed a retrospective study in the ICU of the University Hospital of Alava, where SDD was implemented in 2002. The SDD protocol consisted of a 2% mixture of gentamicin, colistin and amphotericin B applied on the buccal mucosa and a suspension of the same drugs in the gastrointestinal tract; additionally, for the first 3 days, systemic ceftriaxone was administered. From 1998 to 2013 we analysed the susceptibility rates for 48 antimicrobial/organism combinations. Interrupted time series using a linear dynamic model with SDD as an intervention was used. Data from other ICUs were obtained from the ENVIN-HELICS national registry. Results Only amoxicillin/clavulanic acid against Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis, and a high concentration of gentamicin against Enterococcus faecalis, resulted in a significant decrease in the susceptibility rate after the implementation of SDD, with a drop of 20%, 27% and 32%, respectively. Compared with other Spanish ICUs without SDD, the susceptibility rate was higher in the ICU of our hospital in most cases. When it was lower, differences were <10%, except for a high concentration of streptomycin against Enterococcus faecium, for which the difference was 19%. Conclusions No relevant changes in the overall susceptibility rate after the implementation of SDD were detected. Susceptibility rates were not lower than those in the Spanish ICUs without SDD.

scholarly journals Causes of Vitamin K Deficiency in Patients on Haemodialysis

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2513
Author(s):  
Signe Wikstrøm ◽  
Katrine Aagaard Lentz ◽  
Ditte Hansen ◽  
Lars Melholt Rasmussen ◽  
Jette Jakobsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin K ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Matrix Gla Protein ◽  
Vitamin K1 ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Vitamin K Deficiency ◽  
Before And After ◽  
K Deficiency ◽  
The Difference

Background: A low vitamin K status is common in patients on haemodialysis, and this is considered one of the reasons for the accelerated atherosclerosis in these patients. The vitamin is essential in activation of the protein Matrix Gla Protein (MGP), and the inactive form, dp-ucMGP, is used to measure vitamin K status. The purpose of this study was to investigate possible underlying causes of low vitamin K status, which could potentially be low intake, washout during dialysis or inhibited absorption capacity. Moreover, the aim was to investigate whether the biomarker dp-ucMGP is affected in these patients. Method: Vitamin K intake was assessed by a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and absorption capacity by means of D-xylose testing. dp-ucMGP was measured in plasma before and after dialysis, and phylloquinine (vitamin K1) and dp-ucMGP were measured in the dialysate. Changes in dp-ucMGP were measured after 14 days of protein supplementation. Results: All patients had plasma dp-ucMGP above 750 pmol/L, and a low intake of vitamin K. The absorption capacity was normal. The difference in dp-ucMGP before and after dialysis was −1022 pmol/L (p < 0.001). Vitamin K1 was not present in the dialysate but dp-ucMGP was at a high concentration. The change in dp-ucMGP before and after protein supplementation was −165 pmol/L (p = 0.06). Conclusion: All patients had vitamin K deficiency. The reason for the low vitamin K status is not due to removal of vitamin K during dialysis or decreased absorption but is plausibly due to a low intake of vitamin K in food. dp-ucMGP is washed out during dialysis, but not affected by protein intake to a clinically relevant degree.

scholarly journals The Effect of Rumen Microbiota in The Susceptibility of Subacute Ruminal Acidosis in Dairy Cows

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Hu ◽  
Ruiying Mu ◽  
Tuniyazi. Maimaiti ◽  
Jian Gao ◽  
Caijun Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Subacute Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Rumen Microbiota ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background: Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) is a well-recognized metabolic disease that has negative impact on the animal performance and health. SARA in cows is mainly caused by long-term high-concentration diet (HCD) feeding, however, some cows are so well adapted to the HCD that do not develop such condition while others are more susceptible. We speculated the difference may be associated with the rumen microbiota community. Here, we analyzed the rumen bacterial and fungal microbiota from SARA-resistance and SARA-prone cows before and after feeding with HCD for six weeks. Results: The 16S rRNA sequencing analysis showed that the rumen bacterial community in SARA-prone cows had lower bacterial diversity and higher relative abundance of unidentified_Spirochaetaceae and Anaeroplasma comparing to those of SARA-resistance cow. Moreover, the abundance of Stenotrophomonas were increased in SARA-positive compared to SARA-negative cows. In addition, the ITS1-IF sequencing analysis indicated that the abundance of Fusarium_oxysporum and Papiliotrema_laurentii were different in SARA-prone and SARA-resistance cows. Furthermore, feeding with HCD significantly increased the Sarocladium_zea, Meyerozyma_caribbica, and Fusarium_oxysporum, while decreaed Wallemia_sebi in rumen microbiota. These results suggested that the abundance of unidentified_Spirochaetaceae, Anaeroplasma, Fusarium_oxysporum, and Papiliotrema_laurentii in rumen maybe connected to the susceptibility of SARA in dairy cows. In addition, SARA provocation was increased the pathogenic Stenotrophomonas, Sarocladium_zea, Meyerozyma_caribbica, and Fusarium_oxysporum in rumen. Conclusions: This study suggested that manipulating rumen microbiota will serve as a novel approach for preventing the development of SARA in dairy cows in future studies.

Using crystallographic symmetry in diffraction and contrast analysis

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 504-505
Author(s):  
U. Dahmen ◽  
K.H. Westmacott
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Symmetry ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Tem Analysis ◽  
Crystallographic Symmetry ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Contrast Analysis ◽  
Practical Tool ◽  
Convergent Beam ◽  
Beam Diffraction

Despite the increased use of convergent beam diffraction, symmetry concepts in their more general form are not commonly applied as a practical tool in electron microscopy. Crystal symmetry provides an abundance of information that can be used to facilitate and improve the TEM analysis of crystalline solids. This paper draws attention to some aspects of symmetry that can be put to practical use in the analysis of structures and morphologies of two-phase materials.It has been shown that the symmetry of the matrix that relates different variants of a precipitate can be used to determine the axis of needle- or lath-shaped precipitates or the habit plane of plate-shaped precipitates. By tilting to a special high symmetry orientation of the matrix and by measuring angles between symmetry-related variants of the precipitate it is possible to find their habit from a single micrograph.

The evolution of the microstructure of 600 Mev proton irradiated materials

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1002-1003
Author(s):  
R. Gotthardt ◽  
A. Horsewell ◽  
F. Paschoud ◽  
S. Proennecke ◽  
M. Victoria
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Reactions ◽  
Dislocation Loops ◽  
Defect Clusters ◽  
Weak Beam ◽  
Stacking Fault Tetrahedra ◽  
Small Defect ◽  
Sufficient Intensity ◽  
Reactor Materials ◽  
Metallic Impurities ◽  
Beam Technique

Fusion reactor materials will be damaged by an intense field of energetic neutrons. There is no neutron source of sufficient intensity at these energies available at present, so the material properties are being correlated with those obtained in irradiation with other irradiation sorces. Irradiation with 600 MeV protons produces both displacement damage and impurities due to nuclear reactions. Helium and hydrogen are produced as gaseous impurities. Other metallic impurities are also created . The main elements of the microstructure observed after irradiation in the PIREX facility, are described in the following paragraphs.A. Defect clusters at low irradiation doses: In specimens irradiated to very low doses (1021-1024 protons.m-2), so that there is no superimposition of contrast, small defect clusters have been observed by the weak beam technique. Detailed analysis of the visible contrast (>0.5 nm diameter) revealed the presence of stacking fault tetrahedra, dislocation loops and a certain number of unidentified clusters . Typical results in Cu and Au are shown in Fig. 1.

Radiation-Induced Precipitation in Ti-6A1-4V

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 154-155
Author(s):  
J. E. O'Neal ◽  
S. M. L. Sastry ◽  
J. W. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Dark Field ◽  
Dislocation Loops ◽  
Beta Titanium Alloy ◽  
Defect Clusters ◽  
Weak Beam ◽  
Beta Titanium ◽  
Small Defect ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Vector Orientation ◽  
Defect Microstructures

The radiation-induced defect structure and nonequilibrium phase precipitation were studied in T1-6A1-4V (an alpha-beta titanium alloy), irradiated at 450 ± 30°C in row VII of the EBR-II to a fluence of 3.0 × 1021 neutrons/cm2 (En > 0.1 MeV). The Irradiation-induced defect microstructures were examined using bright-field, conventional dark-field, and weak-beam dark-field techniques. The nature of dislocations and dislocation loops was determined by standard-contrast experiments under two-beam conditions, and the small defect clusters were identified using the line-of-contrast criterion and black-white vector orientation criterion.

Radiolabeled r-Hirudin as a Measure of Thrombin Activity at, or within, the Rabbit Aorta Wall In Vitro and In Vivo

1994 ◽  
Vol 71 (04) ◽  
pp. 499-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark W C Hatton ◽  
Bonnie Ross-Ouellet
Keyword(s):  
Rabbit Aorta ◽  
Balloon Injury ◽  
Recombinant Hirudin ◽  
Aorta Wall ◽  
Thrombin Activity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Matrix

SummaryThe behavior of 125I-labeled recombinant hirudin towards the uninjured and de-endothelialized rabbit aorta wall has been studied in vitro and in vivo to determine its usefulness as an indicator of thrombin activity associated with the aorta wall. Thrombin adsorbed to either sulfopropyl-Sephadex or heparin-Sepharose bound >95% of 125I-r-hirudin and the complex remained bound to the matrix. Binding of 125I-r-hirudin to the exposed aorta subendothelium (intima-media) in vitro was increased substantially if the tissue was pre-treated with thrombin; the quantity of l25I-r-hirudin bound to the de-endothelialized intima-media (i.e. balloon-injured in vitro) correlated positively with the quantity of bound 131I-thrombin (p <0.01). Aortas balloon-injured in vivo were measured for thrombin release from, and binding of 125I-r-hirudin to, the de-endothelialized intimal surface in vitro; 125I-r-hirudin binding correlated with the amount of active thrombin released (p <0.001). Uptake of 125I-r-hirudin by the aorta wall in vivo was proportional to the uptake of 131I-fibrinogen (as an indicator of thrombin activity) before and after balloon injury. After 30 min in the circulation, specific 125I-r-hirudin binding to the uninjured and de-endo- thelialized (at 1.5 h after injury) aorta wall was equivalent to 3.4 (± 2.5) and 25.6 (±18.1) fmol of thrombin/cm2 of intima-media, respectively. Possibly, only hirudin-accessible, glycosaminoglycan-bound thrombin is measured in this way.

Changes in Platelet Aggregability after Ovariectomy

1979 ◽  
Vol 42 (04) ◽  
pp. 1332-1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroh Yamazaki ◽  
Takeshi Motomiya ◽  
Minoru Sonoda ◽  
Noboru Miyagawa
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Ovarian Hormones ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Platelet Aggregability ◽  
Appearance Rate ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Induced Aggregation ◽  
Observation Period

SummaryChanges in platelets in 48 patients with uterine myoma before and after hysterectomy with and without ovariectomy were examined. Bilateral ovariectomy in 25 cases (ovariec-tomized group) and unilateral or non-ovariectomy in 23 cases (control group) were performed at the hysterectomy. Platelet count and an appearance rate of secondary aggregation decreased at one day after and increased at one week after the operation, similarly in both the ovariectomized and the control group. The appearance rate of secondary aggregation was reflected in an intensity of aggregation at 5 min after the addition of reagent to PRP. At one month after the operation, the appearance rate of secondary aggregation induced by 3 μM ADP showed a statistically significant decrease in comparison with the preoperation value (P <0.05) and the enhancement of 5-min aggregation was still observed in the control group, while ceased in the ovariectomized group. The difference between the two groups was significant (P < 0.05). There was almost no change in the speed and intensity of primary and secondary aggregation during the observation period. No significant differences in collagen-induced aggregation were noted between the two groups. The results suggest that ovarian hormones, mainly estrogen, facilitate platelet activation which is mediated by the so-called secondary aggregation.

PENGARUH TERAPI TERTAWA TERHADAP PENURUNAN TEKANAN DARAH LANSIA DI UPT PANTI WREDHA BUDHI DHARMA YOGYAKARTA

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niken Setyaningrum ◽  
Andri Setyorini ◽  
Fachruddin Tri Fitrianta
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Comparison ◽  
Control Blood Pressure ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

ABSTRACTBackground: Hypertension is one of the most common diseases, because this disease is suffered byboth men and women, as well as adults and young people. Treatment of hypertension does not onlyrely on medications from the doctor or regulate diet alone, but it is also important to make our bodyalways relaxed. Laughter can help to control blood pressure by reducing endocrine stress andcreating a relaxed condition to deal with relaxation.Objective: The general objective of the study was to determine the effect of laughter therapy ondecreasing elderly blood pressure in UPT Panti Wredha Budhi Dharma Yogyakarta.Methods: The design used in this study is a pre-experimental design study with one group pre-posttestresearch design where there is no control group (comparison). The population in this study wereelderly aged over> 60 years at 55 UPT Panti Wredha Budhi Dharma Yogyakarta. The method oftaking in this study uses total sampling. The sample in this study were 55 elderly. Data analysis wasused to determine the difference in blood pressure before and after laughing therapy with a ratio datascale that was using Pairs T-TestResult: There is an effect of laughing therapy on blood pressure in the elderly at UPT Panti WredhaBudhi Dharma Yogyakarta marked with a significant value of 0.000 (P <0.05)

Klein with Lacan: A Study on the Reception of Lacanian Ideas in Uruguay and Its Effects on Clinical Practices (1955–82)

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-361
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Grau-Pérez ◽  
J. Guillermo Milán
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Clinical Material ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Discursive Approach ◽  
The Way ◽  
Clinical Cases

In Uruguay, Lacanian ideas arrived in the 1960s, into a context of Kleinian hegemony. Adopting a discursive approach, this study researched the initial reception of these ideas and its effects on clinical practices. We gathered a corpus of discursive data from clinical cases and theoretical-doctrinal articles (from the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s). In order to examine the effects of Lacanian ideas, we analysed the difference in the way of interpreting the clinical material before and after Lacan's reception. The results of this research illuminate some epistemological problems of psychoanalysis, especially the relationship between theory and clinical practice.

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