Les psychotropes et le vieillissement normal: une perspective psychosociale et socio-économique

1996 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 559-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilhème Pérodeau ◽  
Adèle Jomphe Hill ◽  
Lisette Hay-Paquin ◽  
Élise Amyot
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Psychotropic Drug ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Clinical Intervention ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Daily Hassles ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Chronic Stressor

ABSTRACTThe goal of this study was to examine the reaction (anxiety, depression, and helplessness) and adaptive strategies (problem-solving and emotion-reducing) of community-dwelling elderly, confronted by one specific chronic stressor. We have conducted three face-to-face home interviews on a monthly basis with a follow-up interview seven months later. There were 237 psychotropic drug users and non-users, of high or low socio-economic status. Not only were low socio-economic psychotropic drug users more anxious about the targeted hassle of the week, but they also relied on and used more problem-solving strategies than non-drug users. It is suggested that psychotropic drug use be looked at as a strategy like any others rather than as passive behaviour when facing daily hassles. Moreover, using a high number of coping strategies is not synonymous with being good at coping with chronic stress. Various recommandations for clinical intervention are put forward.

Caring for Others: Internet Health Care Support Intervention for Family Caregivers of Persons with Alzheimer's, Stroke, or Parkinson's Disease

2005 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsa Marziali ◽  
Peter Donahue ◽  
Gillian Crossin
Keyword(s):  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Group Process ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Clinical Intervention ◽  
Group Interactions ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
Response Data ◽  
Participant Response

The purpose of the project was to emulate face-to-face psychosocial support group process in an Internet videoconferencing environment and explore the benefits for 34 family caregivers of persons with neurodegenerative disease. Caregivers were provided with computer equipment and trained to access a password-protected Web site. Using videoconferencing software, each group of 6 members met with a facilitator online weekly for 10 weeks. Each caregiver was interviewed at 6-month follow-up. Participant response data were generated through qualitative analysis of group process and follow-up interviews. The analysis showed that the virtual group process closely paralleled face-to-face group interactions. At follow-up, 90% of the caregivers reported that the online group experience had been “very” or “overall” positive and that the group had helped them cope with the stresses of caregiving. The professional and ethical implications of providing a clinical intervention using the Internet are discussed.

scholarly journals Rationale, Design, and Methodology of a Prospective Cohort Study for Coping with Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia: The RECage Project

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 1613-1627
Author(s):  
Eleni Poptsi ◽  
Magda Tsolaki ◽  
Sverre Bergh ◽  
Bruno Mario Cesana ◽  
Alfonso Ciccone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Psychotropic Drug ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Cost Of Care ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Drug Consumption ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

Background: Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are quite challenging problems during the dementia course. Special Care Units for people with dementia (PwD) and BPSD (SCU-B) are residential medical structures, where BPSD patients are temporarily admitted, in case of unmanageable behavioral disturbances at home. Objective: RECage (REspectful Caring for AGitated Elderly) aspires to assess the short and long-term effectiveness of SCU-Bs toward alleviating BPSD and improving the quality of life (QoL) of PwD and their caregivers. Methods: RECage is a three-year, prospective study enrolling 500 PwD. Particularly, 250 community-dwelling PwDs presenting with severe BPSD will be recruited by five clinical centers across Europe, endowed with a SCU-B, for a short period of time; a second similar group of 250 PwD will be followed by six other no-SCU-B centers solely via outpatient visits. RECage’s endpoints include short and long-term SCU-B clinical efficacy, QoL of patients and caregivers, cost-effectiveness of the SCU-B, psychotropic drug consumption, caregivers’ attitude toward dementia, and time to nursing home placement. Results: PwD admitted in SCU-Bs are expected to have diminished rates of BPSD and better QoL and their caregivers are also expected to have better QoL and improved attitude towards dementia, compared to those followed in no-SCU-Bs. Also, the cost of care and the psychotropic drug consumption are expected to be lower. Finally, PwD followed in no-SCU-Bs are expected to have earlier admission to nursing homes. Conclusion: The cohort study results will refine the SCU-B model, issuing recommendations for implementation of SCU-Bs in the countries where they are scarce or non-existent.

scholarly journals Contact with treatment services among arrested drug users

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 214-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mervyn London ◽  
Juan Canitrot ◽  
Adrian Dzialdowski ◽  
Robert Bates ◽  
Alan Gwynn
Keyword(s):  
Drug Users ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Opiate Dependence ◽  
Drug Misuse ◽  
Police Custody ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Treatment Services ◽  
Previous Contact ◽  
Local Research

Aims and MethodTo identify the proportion of arrested drug misusers with prior contact with treatment services, police surgeons' records were examined over a 12-month period and compared with the records of the local drug misuse services. Both referrals and those who attended with face-to-face contact were noted.ResultsSixty-seven per cent of drug-related cases had been referred to services prior to arrest and 58% had attended with face-to-face contact on at least one occasion. Homeless and male drug users were more likely to have had no past contact. Police surgeons treated three-quarters of the cases for opiate dependence. Drug misusers were much more likely to have had past contact with services than arrested alcohol misusers, and were more likely to reoffend.Clinical ImplicationsThe evidence base for motivational enhancement in the transient coercive setting of police custody is not established, and arrest referral schemes might not be cost-effective in areas where most cases have had previous contact with services. Local research may contribute to more informed decisions about these treatment-related criminal justice initiatives.

Associations between socio-economic status measures and functional change among older people in Taiwan

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
HERNG-CHIA CHIU ◽  
YING-HUI HSIEH ◽  
LIH-WEN MAU ◽  
MEI-LIN LEE
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Functional Change ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Economic Resource ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

The major purpose of this study was to examine the effects of socio-economic status (SES) on changes in functional abilities, as measured by Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scales, among older people in Taiwan. A prospective longitudinal study design was used. A panel of 874 community-dwelling older people were followed over four years (1994 to 1998). Three SES indicators, education, having ‘extra’ money (more than required for basic necessities), and principal lifetime occupation were included in separate multiple logistic regression models of functional change in physical ADL (PADL) and in instrumental ADL (IADL). Over the four years, the study cohort experienced greater decreases in IADL functioning than in PADL functioning. Having ‘extra’ money was significantly and negatively associated with PADL decline, while level of education had a strong positive relationship with IADL functioning. In addition to SES, age was significantly associated with PADL and IADL functioning change. The paper also reports a comparison of similar findings from several eastern and western countries. This has established that among the available SES indicators, the level of education has most consistently been shown in both eastern and western population studies to be related to health and health change, and that self-perceived economic resource is also related to older people's health in Asian populations.

scholarly journals Online and face-to-face role-play simulations in promoting social work students’ argumentative problem solving

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kati Vapalahti ◽  
Miika Marttunen ◽  
Leena Laurinen
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Role Play ◽  
Social Work Students ◽  
Teaching Experiment ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Alcohol And Drug Abuse ◽  
Role Play Simulation

This paper reports on a teaching experiment in which social work students (n=38) practiced problem solving through argumentative tasks. A teaching experiment was carried out at a Mikkeli University of Applied Sciences in Finland in connection with a course concerning preventative work against alcohol- and drug abuse. This quasi- experimental study investigated whether role-play simulation conducted either online (15 students) or face-to-face (14 students) improved students’ problem solving on social issues. As a pre-test, the students wrote an essay after having watched a dramatization of problematic cases on elderly people’s use of alcohol. The students also attended lectures (30 x 45 min) on the effect of substance abuse and preventive work, and after the role-play simulation they wrote another essay (post-test). Nine controls wrote an essay without participating in the role-play simulation. Lastly, the students filled out feedback questionnaires.

scholarly journals Face to face with the suicidal

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 188-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gethin Morgan ◽  
Carole Buckley ◽  
Mike Nowers
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Clinical Intervention ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Near Future

The clinical assessment and management of suicide risk depends primarily on face to face contact with the individual who presents the risk, and aims to predict behaviour in the very near future. Whether or not clinical intervention prevents suicide depends a great deal on the clinician's skill in reaching out to the individual patient. This poses a dilemma, because much of what has been written about predicting suicide has been based on averaged data concerning long-term outcome in large cohorts of patients.

scholarly journals Change in psychotropic drug use among community-dwelling people aged 75 years and older in Finland: repeated cross-sectional population studies

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1278-1284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franciska Desplenter ◽  
Charlotte Caenen ◽  
Jolein Meelberghs ◽  
Sirpa Hartikainen ◽  
Raimo Sulkava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Psychotropic Drug ◽  
Adverse Drug Events ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychotropic Drug Use ◽  
Random Samples ◽  
Antidepressant Use ◽  
Status Differences ◽  
Compare And Contrast

ABSTRACTBackground: Older people are at high risk of experiencing psychotropic-related adverse drug events. The objective of this study was to compare and contrast the use of psychotropic drugs among community-dwelling people aged ≥75 years in 1998 and 2004.Methods: Comparable random samples of people aged ≥75 years were extracted from the population register in Kuopio, Finland, in 1998 (n = 700) and 2003 (n = 1000). In 1998 and 2004, 523 and 700 community-dwelling people respectively participated in nurse interviews, during which demographic, diagnostic and drug use data were elicited. Logistic regression was used to compute unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the prevalence of psychotropic drug use in 2004 compared to 1998.Results: The unadjusted prevalence of total psychotropic (37.3% and 38.4%, OR 1.05; 95% CI 0.83–1.33), anxiolytic, hypnotic and sedative (29.6% and 31.3%, OR 1.08, 95% CI 0.85–1.38), and antidepressant (10.7% and 11.9%, OR 1.12, 95% CI 0.78–1.61) use were similar in 1998 and 2004. There was a decrease in the unadjusted prevalence of antipsychotic use (9.2% and 5.7%, OR 0.60; 95% CI 0.39–0.93). After adjusting for socioeconomic and health status differences, there was an increase in the prevalence of total psychotropic (adjusted OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.01–1.70) and antidepressant (OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.06–2.40) use.Conclusion: The unadjusted prevalence of psychotropic drug use remained stable between 1998 and 2004. However, in adjusted analyses there was a small increase in the prevalence of any psychotropic drug use and antidepressant use specifically.

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