adequate control
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2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Alexander Sylvan Thomas

<p>Controlling and scrutinising government expenditure is an important duty of the New Zealand Parliament. There is an on-going debate on the effectiveness of Parliament in undertaking this. The role, inherited from the British Parliament, has been developed upon and refined by the New Zealand Parliament. Parliament holds the government to account for its expenditure through a system consisting of the Finance and Expenditure Committee, other subject select committees, extensive Budget and Estimates documentation, and detailed appropriations. The Controller and Auditor-General, debate in the House, and thorough accounts and accounting are also a part of the process. The New Zealand Parliament can have more than adequate control of government expenditure, but is sometimes deficient at scrutinising its details. Recommendations to improve Parliament’s ability to control and scrutinise government expenditure must centre on Members of Parliament being willing, able and eager to undertake the role.</p>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Alexander Sylvan Thomas

<p>Controlling and scrutinising government expenditure is an important duty of the New Zealand Parliament. There is an on-going debate on the effectiveness of Parliament in undertaking this. The role, inherited from the British Parliament, has been developed upon and refined by the New Zealand Parliament. Parliament holds the government to account for its expenditure through a system consisting of the Finance and Expenditure Committee, other subject select committees, extensive Budget and Estimates documentation, and detailed appropriations. The Controller and Auditor-General, debate in the House, and thorough accounts and accounting are also a part of the process. The New Zealand Parliament can have more than adequate control of government expenditure, but is sometimes deficient at scrutinising its details. Recommendations to improve Parliament’s ability to control and scrutinise government expenditure must centre on Members of Parliament being willing, able and eager to undertake the role.</p>


Author(s):  
Ricardo F. Marques ◽  
Sidnei R. de Marchi ◽  
Dagoberto Martins

ABSTRACT Successive mowings are the major maintenance cost of lawns. These costs have led to the search for alternatives to mechanical management. This study aimed to determine the effects of imazapic herbicide doses applied alone or combined with imazapyr as a growth regulator of Tifton 419 and Zoysia grasses. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replicates, and the treatments consisted of four doses of herbicide imazapic applied alone (35; 70; 105 and 140 g a.i. ha-1) and three doses of imazapic + imazapyr mixture (7.875 + 2.625; 15.57 + 5.25 and 23.625 + 7.875 g a.i. ha-1) in two sequential applications on both grass lawns. Visible injury symptoms, canopy height, height and number of inflorescences, and total dry matter of clippings were determined. Applications of imazapic alone or combined with imazapyr effectively reduced all morphological variables of Tifton 419 grass. Imazapic applied alone or mixed with imazapyr provided adequate control of growth and quantity of dry matter of Zoysia grass clippings. Still, with some application doses of this herbicide, the number of inflorescences present in the lawns increased.


2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C I Laguna Munoz ◽  
R Reyes Pavon ◽  
H Rodriguez Reyes ◽  
D M Perales Rivera ◽  
M Odin De Los Rios Ibarra

Abstract Introduction In 2019 the ESC/EAS published the update on their guidelines for the management of dyslipidemias. For patients with prior myocardial infarction or stroke, they recommend achieving an LDL level &lt;55mg/dL as a primary objective, and a non-HDL level &lt;85mg/dL as a secondary target. Objective To analyze the impact and application that the 2019 ESC/EAS dyslipidemia guideline has on the management of dyslipidemia for secondary prevention. Methods Using data from a nationwide register in Mexico, a retrospective study was performed, including adult patients from 2018–2020 treated for hyperlipidemia and with prior history of stroke, myocardial infarction, or peripheral artery disease, with at least one follow-up visit. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to their LDL target attainment, furthermore, those with an appropriate LDL target were subdivided into 2 groups according to the attainment of the secondary target. Results 590 patients were included, the mean age at the last visit was 67 years, 68% were men. The most frequent cardiovascular event was myocardial infarction (75%). The most frequent comorbidity found was obesity (79%). 60% of the sample was on high-intensity statin treatment and 5% received only life-style modifications. When the LDL target attainment was analyzed, only 124 patients (21%) had an adequate control (group 1). Patients in this group had a lower mean age (66±12 vs 67±10), BMI was higher in this group (29 vs 28), meanwhile, blood pressure measurements were slightly lower (systolic 123 vs 126 mmHg, diastolic 73 vs 75 mmHg). They had, however, a higher frequency of comorbidities, such as T2D (46% vs 39%), hypertension (77% vs 73%) and heart failure (26% vs 23%). There were also differences in the pharmacological treatments: in group 1, 58% of the patients were treated with a high-intensity statin (vs 60% in group 2), 24% were treated with a moderate-intensity statin (vs 35% in group 2) and only 16% received a dual treatment strategy with ezetimibe (vs 13% in group 2). Only 8 patients received a PCSK9 inhibitor, and only one of them had an adequate LDL target. When the secondary target attainment was analyzed for patients in group 1, 85% of them had also an adequate control (subgroup 1). Conclusions The treatment targets from the update on the guidelines, are associated with undertreatment of high-risk patients on secondary prevention. At the current time, less than half of the patients included in this study achieved the optimal target, and only 60% of patients are receiving the appropriate intensity of treatment. There might be different patient-physician related barriers to achieving a good control, one to be considered is the important economic implication of the new pharmacologic options. More studies are required to study the before mentioned barriers and to suggest a proper population-based approach to improve adherence to cardiovascular guidelines for secondary prevention. FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. e0009591
Author(s):  
Stephane Tosta ◽  
Marta Giovanetti ◽  
Vanessa Brandão Nardy ◽  
Luciana Reboredo de Oliveira da Silva ◽  
Marcela Kelly Astete Gómez ◽  
...  

Tracking the spread of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern is crucial to inform public health efforts and control the ongoing pandemic. Here, we report genetic evidence for circulation of the P.1 variant in Northeast Brazil. We advocate for increased active surveillance to ensure adequate control of this variant throughout the country.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Jodie A. Crose ◽  
Misha R. Manuchehri ◽  
Todd A. Baughman

Abstract Three herbicide premixes have recently been introduced for weed control in wheat. These include: halauxifen + florasulam, thifensulfuron + fluroxypyr, and bromoxynil + bicyclopyrone. The objective of this study was to evaluate these herbicides along with older products for their control of smallseed falseflax in winter wheat in Oklahoma. Studies took place during the 2017, 2018, and 2020 winter wheat growing seasons. Weed control was visually estimated every two weeks throughout the growing season and wheat yield was collected in all three years. Smallseed falseflax size was approximately six cm in diameter at time of application in all years. Control ranged from 96 to 99% following all treatments with the exception of bicyclopyrone + bromoxynil and dicamba alone, which controlled falseflax 90%. All treatments containing an acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicide achieved adequate control; therefore, resistance is not suspected in this population. Halauxifen + florasulam and thifensulfuron + fluroxypyr effectively controlled smallseed falseflax similarly to other standards recommended for broadleaf weed control in wheat in Oklahoma. Rotational use of these products allows producers flexibility in controlling smallseed falseflax and reduces the potential for development of herbicide resistance in this species.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cristina Cabellos-García ◽  
Antonio Martínez-Sabater ◽  
Miguel Ángel Díaz-Herrera ◽  
Vicente Gea-Caballero ◽  
Enrique Castro-Sánchez

Abstract Background Assessment health literacy in people with cardiovascular health problems would facilitate the development of appropriate health strategies for the care and reduction of complications associated with oral anticoagulation therapy. Aim: To evaluate the relationship between health literacy and health and treatment outcomes (concordance with oral anticoagulants, Normalized Ratio control and occurrence of complications) in patients with cardiovascular pathology. Methods Observational, analytic and cross-sectional study carried out on 252 patients with cardiovascular pathology (atrial fibrillation, flutter or valve prosthesis), aged 50–85 years, accessing primary care services in Valencia (Spain) in 2018–2019. Variables referring to anticoagulant treatment with vitamin K antagonists (years of treatment, adequate control, polypharmacy and occurrence of complications, among others) and health literacy (Health Literacy Questionnaire) were analysed. Results All dimensions of health literacy were significantly related to the level of education (p < 0.02), social class (p < 0.02), an adequate control of acenocoumarol (p < 0.001), frequentation of health services (p < 0.001), information by patients to health professionals about anticoagulant treatment (p < 0.03), emergency care visits (p < 0.001) and unscheduled hospital admissions (p < 0.001). Conclusion Health literacy has a relevant influence on the adequate self-management of anticoagulation treatment and the frequency of complications. The different dimensions that comprise health literacy play an important role, but the “social health support” dimension seems to be essential for such optimal self-management. Trial registration ACC-ACE-2016-01. Registration date: December 2015.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-162
Author(s):  
Anna-Lena Högenauer ◽  
Moritz Rehm

The Eurozone has faced repeated crises and has experienced profound transformations in the past years. This thematic issue seeks to address the questions arising from the changing governance structure of the Eurozone. First, how have the negotiations, pressures of the crises and reforms impacted the relationships between key actors like EU institutions and Member States? Second, where did national positions come from and what role did domestic politics play in the negotiations? And finally, to what extent has the evolution of Eurozone governance left room for adequate control mechanisms and democratic debate? The articles in this issue highlight the developing role of Member States, domestic politics and democratic and legal control mechanisms.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
LARA TAVARES DE OLIVEIRA ◽  
KAIQUE SILVEIRA VIANA COSTA ◽  
KENEDY MATIASSO PORTELLA ◽  
LUCAS VIZZOTTO BELLINASO ◽  
FERNANDA DE MORAIS CARNIELUTTI ◽  
...  

Quadcopters have many applications and an efficient controller is needed for reference tracking and to maintain vehicle stability. Quadcopter tests may require expensive laboratory setup to include certain conditions such as wind, with adequate control and monitoring. In this paper a bench markmodel of quadcopter is implemented in Hardware-In-the-Loop, in order to test the quadcopter controller considering different conditions of wind. For experimental results, an LQT controller has been implemented in a DSP, while the quadcopter was implemented in the real-time simulator Typhoon HIL.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (33) ◽  
pp. 227-246
Author(s):  
Felix Pompeyo Ferro Mayhua ◽  
Polan Franbalt Ferro-Gonzales ◽  
Luis Jhordan Rossel Bernedo ◽  
Lucio Ticona Carrizales ◽  
Victor Meliton Zanabria Huisa

Rabies, by definition, is an acute and fatal encephalomyelitis that affects man and a large number of domestic and wild animals. The present research aims to evaluate the main rabies indicators in Chucuito, a province of the Puno-Peru Region; the analysis of the data registered in the forms of the zoonosis sanitary strategy has been carried out in the Environmental Health Unit of the Health network, Chucuito. It is concluded that, during the evaluated years, there was only one outbreak of human rabies in 2010, coinciding with a low coverage of canine rabies vaccination (53%), and with a case of canine rabies in the same year. On the other hand, three cases of canine rabies were reported in unvaccinated dogs, the bitten people were treated for the most part, along with adequate control of the dogs.


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