Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) Control with Postemergence Applications of Propanil and Clomazone in Dry-Seeded Rice (Oryza sativa)

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 537-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Jordan ◽  
J. Andrew Kendig
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Consistent Increase ◽  
Better Than

Field experiments were conducted to compare barnyardgrass control and rice grain yield following a single postemergence (POST) application of propanil plus clomazone with single or repeat POST applications of propanil alone or single POST applications of propanil plus pendimethalin, molinate, quinclorac, or thiobencarb. In four of 10 experiments, propanil plus clomazone controlled barnyardgrass better than single or repeat applications of propanil alone or single applications of propanil plus pendimethalin, molinate, quinclorac, or thiobencarb. The most consistent increase in rice yield over a single application of propanil occurred where clomazone was applied in mixture with propanil.

Red Rice (Oryza sativa) Control in Drill-Seeded Rice (O. sativa)

Weed Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 703-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amadou Diarra ◽  
Roy J. Smith ◽  
Ronald E. Talbert
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Culm Density ◽  
High Yields

Field experiments were conducted to investigate methods of controlling red rice (Oryza sativaL. ♯ ORYSA) in drill-seeded rice (O. sativa). Treatments included the rice cultivar ‘Mars', coated with calcium peroxide (CaO2) at 40% (w/w) and a crop protectant, R-33865 (O,O-diethyl-O-phenyl phosphorothioate) at 0.5 and 1% (v/w). Molinate (S-ethyl hexahydro-1H-azepine-1-carbothioate) at 6.7 kg ai/ha was applied preplant incorporated (ppi). The land was flooded (2.5 to 5 cm deep) after seeding with rice (100 kg/ha, 2.5 cm deep), and the water was maintained throughout the growing season. CaO2, with or without molinate, increased rice grain yield 50% and increased rice culm density fivefold above untreated rice. Molinate applied ppi controlled 96% of the red rice. Rice seed coated with only CaO2or with CaO2plus R-33865 at 0.5%, each combined with ppi molinate, produced 5690 and 6030 kg/ha of grain, respectively. These high yields were associated with red rice control by molinate and good stands of rice provided by O2supplied by CaO2. R-33865 applied to rice seed at 1% (v/w) injured rice by reducing rice culm densities 41%, compared with rice without protectant.

Interaction of Propanil and Selected Insecticides on Rice (Oryza sativa)

Weed Science ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 800-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khosro Khodayari ◽  
Roy J. Smith ◽  
N. Philip Tugwell
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Methyl Parathion ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Potential Interaction ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Carbamate Insecticides

Field experiments determined the potential interaction of insecticides and propanil [N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl) propanamide] in drill-seeded rice (Oryza sativaL. ‘Bond’). The carbamate insecticides carbaryl (1-naphthylmethylcarbamate) and methomyl {S-methylN-[(methylcarbamoyl) oxy] thioacetimidate} interacted more severely with propanil than the organophosphate methyl parathion [O,O-dimethylO-(p-nitrophenyl) phosphorothioate] in emulsifiable or encapsulated formulations. Carbaryl and methomyl injured rice vegetatively when applied from 7 days before to 4 days after propanil. Carbaryl was the only insecticide that interacted with propanil to reduce rice grain yield. Insecticides interacted adversely with propanil on rice grain yield when they were applied 2 days before propanil treatment. Insecticide interactions with propanil from most to least phytotoxic to rice plants for all times of application were: carbaryl > methomyl > emulsifiable methyl parathion > encapsulated methyl parathion.

Control of Propanil-Resistant Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) in Rice (Oryza sativa) with Carbaryl/Propanil Mixtures

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassane Daou ◽  
Ronald E. Talbert
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Commercial Formulation ◽  
Leaf Stage

Propanil and carbaryl mixtures, propanil formulated with carbaryl, the package mixture of propanil plus molinate (alone and plus pendimethalin), propanil plus quinclorac, and propanil plus pendimethalin were evaluated in field experiments for control of propanil-resistant and -susceptible barnyardgrass in 1995 and 1996 in Arkansas. Propanil alone at 3.3 kg ai/ha did not control propanil-resistant barnyardgrass when applied to two-leaf and repeated at four-leaf barnyardgrass. Propanil at 3.3 kg/ha with carbaryl at 0.1 to 0.3 kg ai/ha controlled propanil-resistant barnyardgrass at least 90% when applied at the two-leaf stage with no rice yield reduction. Applications repeated at the four-leaf stage also controlled propanil-resistant barnyardgrass, but rice injury was 66% with 0.3 kg/ha carbaryl in 1 of 2 yr, and rice yield was reduced. Control of resistant barnyardgrass with the commercial formulation of propanil plus carbaryl and propanil plus molinate was lower with a single application than with repeat applications. Propanil plus quinclorac, propanil plus pendimethalin, and propanil plus molinate plus pendimethalin controlled resistant barnyardgrass with one application at the two-leaf stage.

scholarly journals Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: Fortification for Rice Grain Yield and Nutrients Uptake Enhancement

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 584
Author(s):  
Omnia M. Elshayb ◽  
Khaled Y. Farroh ◽  
Heba E. Amin ◽  
Ayman M. Atta
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
Agriculture Sector

Applications of metal oxide nanoparticles in the agriculture sector are being extensively included as the materials are considered superior. In the present work, zinc oxide nanoparticle (ZnO NPs), with a developing fertilizer, is applied in the fortification of rice grain yield and nutrient uptake enhancement. To evaluate the role of ZnO NP, two field experiments were conducted during the 2018 and 2019 seasons. ZnO NPs were small, nearly spherical, and their sizes equal to 31.4 nm, as proved via the dynamic light scattering technique. ZnO NPs were applied as a fertilizer in different concentrations, varying between 20 and 60 mg/L as a foliar spray. The mixture of ZnSO4 and ZnO NP40 ameliorated yield component and nutrients (N, K, and Zn) uptake was enhanced compared to traditional ZnSO4 treatment. Nevertheless, the uptake of the phosphorous element (P) was adversely affected by the treatment of ZnO NPs. Thus, treatment via utilizing ZnO NPs as a foliar with a very small amount (40 ppm) with of basal ZnSO4 led to a good improvement in agronomic and physiological features; eventually, higher yield and nutrient-enriched rice grain were obtained.

scholarly journals Upland rice yield as affected by Brachiaria coverage management

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano S. Nascente ◽  
Luís F. Stone ◽  
Cleber M. Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Proper Time ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Brachiaria Ruziziensis ◽  
Tillage System

An important point in no-tillage system is the time between cover crop glyphosate desiccation and rice sowing. This study aimed to verify the effect of Brachiaria ruziziensis management time before rice sowing on rice yield and its components. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions and consisted of four types of B. ruziziensis management: with Brachiaria and with herbicide (WBWH), without Brachiaria shoots and with herbicide (NBWH), without Brachiaria shoots and without herbicide (NBNH), and with Brachiaria and without herbicide (WBNH), at four times: 30, 20, 10, and 0 days, preceding the rice sowing. The amount of B. ruziziensis dry matter increased as the management was done closer to the rice sowing date. The WBWH and WBNH managements (this one causes the lowest rice grain yield) must be done 30 days before rice sowing; while NBWH management must be done ten or more days before rice sowing. On the other hand, NBNH management (this one favors the best rice grain yield) can be done until rice sowing day. Despite some reduction in rice yield caused by the B. ruziziensis management, when it was done at the proper time the rice grain yield was similar to the control (without Brachiaria sowing and without herbicide application).

scholarly journals Impact of irrigation techniques on rice yield and dynamics of zinc in plants and soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 135-142
Author(s):  
Phuong Dinh Thi Lan ◽  
Nga Nguyen Thi Hang ◽  
Hoa Nguyen Thanh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Red River ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Flood Irrigation ◽  
Red River Delta ◽  
Rice Grains ◽  
Zn Concentration

Zinc (Zn) insufficiency and water deficiency are primary challenges in intensive rice production systems. This study aims to examine the influence of two irrigation regimes, flood irrigation (FI) and water-saving irrigation (WSI), on rice grain yield and mobile Zn accumulation in soil and rice grains. Experiments were conducted in An Vien rice fields in the Tien Lu district, Hung Yen province, located in the middle of the Red River delta during four rice seasons from 2015 to 2016. The results showed that the WSI regime dramatically increased the grain yield and Zn concentrations in grain of rice. Grain yield was increased by 14.76% and grain Zn concentration by 17.93% when compared with the FI regime. The decrease in the mobile Zn concentration in soil was only 5.7% in the WSI technique, compared with 73.6% for FI techniques. Therefore, it can be concluded that WSI can be effective agricultural practice to elevate grain yield and increase Zn retention in soil and bioavailability in rice grains.

scholarly journals Organic Fertilizer Titonia Plus and Micro Nutrients Improved Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Production in Koto Panjang and Koto Tingga, Padang City, West Sumatera, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (01) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Nalwida Rozen ◽  
Gusnidar Gusnidar ◽  
Nurhajati Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
On Farm

A series of on-farm fi eld experiments were conducted in two locations in Padang, Koto Panjang and Koto Tingga, West Sumatera, Indonesia in 2015. The purpose of the experiment was to establish the formula of organic fertilizer derived from Tithonia supplied with micro nutrients, Zn and Mn, on rice. The experiments were conducted using completely-randomized block design with six treatments and three replications. The treatments were P = Tithonia Organic Fertilizer Plus (TOFP) + 3.0 kg Mn.ha-1, Q = TOFP + 3.0 kg Mn.ha-1+ 3.0 kg Zn.ha-1, R = TOFP + 4.5 kg Mn.ha-1 + 6 kg Zn.ha-1, S= TOFP + 4.5 kg Mn.ha-1+ 9 kg Zn.ha-1, T = TOFP only, U = 100% chemical fertilizer only. Treatment with micro nutrients as addition to TOFP (TOFP+ 3.0 kg Mn.ha-1 and TOFP+ 3.0 kg Mn.ha-1+3.0 kg Zn.ha-1) increased rice grain yield by 80 g per clump.

Competition of Bearded Sprangletop (Leptochloa fascicularis) with Rice (Oryza sativa)

Weed Science ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Paddy Rice ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Weed Plant ◽  
Linear Decrease ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Rice Yields

Yields of drill-seeded paddy rice (Oryza sativaL. ‘Lebonnet’) at optimum stands of 215 to 270 plants/m2at Stuttgart, Arkansas, were reduced 9, 18, 20, and 36% by bearded sprangletop [Leptochloa fascicularis(Lam.) Gray] densities of 11, 22, 54, and 108 plants/m2, respectively. There was a linear decrease in rice grain yield of 21 kg/ha for each bearded sprangletop plant per square meter. Weed densities of 54 and 108 plants/m2reduced head-rice yields (whole milled kernels) and a density of 108 plants/m2reduced germination of rice seed. The number of bearded sprangletop panicles produced per weed plant decreased as the weed density increased.

Lupin grain yields and fertiliser effectiveness are increased by banding superphosphate below the seed

1991 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 357 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Jarvis ◽  
MDA Bolland
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Lupinus Angustifolius ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
P Content ◽  
Better Than

Five field experiments with lupins (Lupinus angustifolius) measured the effectiveness, for production, of 4 superphosphate placements either: (i) drilled with the seed to a depth of 4 or 5 cm; (ii) applied to the soil surface (topdressed) before sowing; or (iii) banded 2.5-5 cm and 7.5-8 cm below the seed while sowing. Levels of applied phosphate (P) from 0 to 36 kg P/ha were tested. In all experiments lupin grain yield responded to the highest level of superphosphate applied. At this P level, the average grain yield from all trials was 1.16 t/ha for the deepest banded treatment. This was 0.38 t/ha (49%) better than P drilled with the seed, and 0.62 t/ha (115%) better than P topdressed. Relative to superphosphate drilled with the seed and regardless of the lupin cultivar or the phosphate status of the soil, the effectiveness of superphosphate was increased by 10-90% by banding below the seed, and decreased by 30-60% by topdressing. Increasing the levels of superphosphate drilled with the seed generally reduced the density of seedlings and reduced early vegetative growth, probably due to salt or P toxicity. However, during the growing season, the plants treated with high levels of superphosphate recovered, so that eventually yields of dried tops and grain responded to increasing superphosphate drilled with the seed. In each experiment there was a common relationship between yield and P content in lupin tissue, regardless of how the superphosphate was applied, suggesting that lupins responded solely to P, and other factors did not alter yield. We recommend that farmers band superphosphate 5-8 cm below the seed while sowing, rather than continue the present practices of either drilling the fertiliser with the seed, or topdressing it before sowing.

Interspecific and Intraspecific Interference of Broadleaf Signalgrass (Brachiaria platyphylla) in Rice (Oryza sativa)

Weed Science ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 589-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. McGregor ◽  
Roy J. Smith ◽  
Ronald E. Talbert
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Quadratic Equation ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Rough Rice ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Brachiaria Platyphylla

Field experiments were conducted in 1984 and 1985 at Stuttgart, AR, to investigate the interspecific and intraspecific interference of broadleaf signalgrass densities of 0, 10, 50, 100, and 150 plants/m2with rice. In 1984, significant reductions in rice leaf area index (LAI) occurred 6 weeks after emergence with all broadleaf signalgrass densities. The first reduction in LAI occurred 8 weeks after emergence at the density of 150 plants/m2in 1985. Densities of 50 plants/m2or greater reduced rice dry weight 6 weeks after emergence in 1984, and the highest density of 150 plants/m2reduced rice dry weight 12 weeks after emergence in 1985. Height of rice was reduced by densities of 100 and 150 plants/m2. Linear regression equations indicated that each broadleaf signalgrass plant/m2reduced rough rice yield 18 kg/ha both years. Growth of broadleaf signalgrass was reduced by interspecific and intraspecific interference. The dry weight of broadleaf signalgrass increased at a decreasing rate at plant densities of 100 to 150/m2when grown alone in 1984 and 1985, when a quadratic equation best described the response. Regression equations indicated interspecific interference from rice reduced broadleaf signalgrass dry weight an average of 48 and 81% in 1984 and 1985, respectively. The height of broadleaf signalgrass was greater when grown with rice than when grown alone.

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