scholarly journals Diagnostic accuracy of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunoblot (IB) for the detection of antibodies against Neospora caninum in milk from dairy cows

2017 ◽  
Vol 146 (5) ◽  
pp. 577-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. P. Chatziprodromidou ◽  
T. Apostolou
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Prior Probability ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Conditional Dependence ◽  
Bulk Milk

AbstractThe aim of the study was to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunoblot (IB) for detecting antibodies of Neospora caninum in dairy cows, in the absence of a gold standard. The study complies with STRADAS-paratuberculosis guidelines for reporting the accuracy of the test. We tried to apply Bayesian models that do not require conditional independence of the tests under evaluation, but as convergence problems appeared, we used Bayesian methodology, that does not assume conditional dependence of the tests. Informative prior probability distributions were constructed, based on scientific inputs regarding sensitivity and specificity of the IB test and the prevalence of disease in the studied populations. IB sensitivity and specificity were estimated to be 98.8% and 91.3%, respectively, while the respective estimates for ELISA were 60% and 96.7%. A sensitivity analysis, where modified prior probability distributions concerning IB diagnostic accuracy applied, showed a limited effect in posterior assessments. We concluded that ELISA can be used to screen the bulk milk and secondly, IB can be used whenever needed.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum in repeat breeder dairy cows in Turkey* (short communication)

2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Simsek ◽  
A. E. Utuk ◽  
E. Koroglu ◽  
N. Dumanli ◽  
A. Risvanli
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Caninum Antibody ◽  
Sera Samples ◽  
Repeat Breeder

Abstract. Sera samples from 89 dairy cows with repeat breeder and 94 healthy pregnant dairy cows (controls) from Elazig province of eastern Turkey were tested for presence of Neospora caninum antibodies by use of a competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA). Fifteen out of 183 cows tested (8.19%) were found to be seropositive to N. caninum antibody. Overall, seroprevalence of N. caninum was significantly higher (P<0.05) in dairy cows with repeat breeder (13.48%, 12/89) than in dairy cows with healthy pregnant (3.19%, 3/94). There was no statistically significant relationship between seroprevalence and breed and age groups in cows with repeat breeder (P>0.05). In conclusion, the current study highlights the importance of N. caninum in cows with repeat breeder.

scholarly journals Latex Agglutination Turbidimetric Immunoassay Versus Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Helicobacter pylori: An Observational Study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshitaka Tokai ◽  
Junko Fujisaki ◽  
Naoki Ishizuka ◽  
Hiroki Osumi ◽  
Ken Namikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Concordance Rate ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Turbidimetric Immunoassay

Abstract Background: Helicobacter pylori antibody levels in the blood are currently measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In April 2016, FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation launched the “L-type Wako Helicobacter pylori antibody J” test, which is based on the latex agglutination turbidimetric immunoassay. In this study, we investigated the usefulness of the Wako test. Methods: We measured H. pylori antibody levels using both ELISA and Wako tests in 180 patients who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy at our hospital between September 2017 and February 2019. Ninety patients had H. pylori infections. We calculated the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of each test and the concordance rate between the two tests. If the lower limits of 90% confidence intervals (CI) for each diagnostic validity exceeded the 85% threshold, the usefulness of the diagnostic test was confirmed. Results: Diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were 94.4% (90% CI; 90.8–97.0%), 94.4% (90% CI; 88.7–97.8%), and 94.4% (90% CI; 88.7–97.8%), respectively, using the Wako test, and 94.4% (90% CI; 90.8–97.0%), 88.9% (90% CI; 81.9–93.8%), and 100% (90% CI; 96.0–100%), respectively, using ELISA. The concordance rate between the two tests was high (κ = 0.8444). Conclusions: We confirmed the usefulness of the Wako test, especially when screening for H. pylori infection, due to its high sensitivity.Trial registration: We retrospectively registered the data of this study.

Integration of Liquid Chromatography with Immunoassay: An Approach Combining the Strengths of Both Methods

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 1275-1287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra M Krämer ◽  
Qing X Li ◽  
Bruce D Hammock
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Uv Detection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Multiresidue Analysis ◽  
Selective Method ◽  
Separation Power ◽  
Immunochemical Detection ◽  
Very High

Abstract The integration of liquid chromatography (LC) with immunochemical detection combines the superior separation power of LC and the sensitivity and specificity of immunoassays. This approach is shown with 3 LC systems (Perkin-Elmer, C18 RP, 4.6 mm; Varian, C18 RP, 1 mm microbore; Michrom, C18 RP, 1 mm microbore) Integrated with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) selective for five 4-nitrophenols. The nitrophenols were separated with the 3 LC systems with isocratic runs of 15 to 20 min. Microbore LC separation showed a 10-20 times reduction in solvent amount compared to conventional separation. LC–immunoassay was about 8- to 10-fold more sensitive compared with LC with UV detection. Integrated LC–immunoassay proved to be a very selective method when 2-methylphenol was injected with an equimolar mixture of 2-amino-4-nitrophenol and 3-methyl-4-nrtrophenol; 2-methy I phenol does not crossreact with the serum used. Only 2 peaks could be seen in the detection, even when 2-methylphenol was present in very high amounts (3000 pmol). Further, the EUSA-LC detection proved to be selective and sensitive for complex matrixes. 2-Amlno-4-nitrophenol was clearly identified in spiked extracts of soil and plant, even when a very small amount (2.4 ng) was injected. Although LC–immunoassay is more labor intensive than LC with UV detection, it offers great advantages in multiresidue analysis and is generally applicable for peak confirmation.

scholarly journals Limited Diagnostic Capacities of Two Commercial Assays for the Detection of Leptospira Immunoglobulin M Antibodies in Laos

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1166-1169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart D. Blacksell ◽  
Lee Smythe ◽  
Rattanaphone Phetsouvanh ◽  
Michael Dohnt ◽  
Rudy Hartskeerl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Microscopic Agglutination Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Diagnostic Utility

ABSTRACT The diagnostic utility of immunochromatographic (Leptotek) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA; Panbio) tests for the detection of Leptospira immunoglobulin M antibodies was assessed in febrile adults admitted in Vientiane, Laos. Both tests demonstrated poor diagnostic accuracy using admission serum (Leptotek sensitivity of 47.3% and specificity of 75.5%: ELISA sensitivity of 60.9% and specificity of 65.6%) compared to the Leptospira “gold standard” microscopic agglutination test.

scholarly journals Occurrence of abortions induced by Neospora caninum in dairy cattle from Santa Catarina, southern Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Augusto Barbosa de Macedo ◽  
Madlaine Frigo Silveira Barbosa de Macedo ◽  
Ana Carolina Miura ◽  
Alessandra Taroda ◽  
Sergio Tosi Cardim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract The aim of the present study was to investigate the occurrence of N. caninum associated with abortions of dairy cattle from Santa Catarina state, southern Brazil by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Blood from dairy cows that aborted along with intrathoracic fluid and tissue samples (brain, heart, liver, and lung) from their fetuses were collected and used for serology; PCR, histopathological, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) evaluations were also conducted. Twenty-one cows (51.2%) out of 41, and eight fetuses (26.7%) out of 30 were ELISA (HerdCheck, IDEXX) positive for N. caninum. Dams > 36 months of age had a higher risk of being serum positive than younger animals. PCR and IHC revealed that 38.8% (14/36) and 25.0% (9/36) of the fetuses were positive for N. caninum, respectively for each of the tests. Seropositive cows had a higher frequency of fetuses that were also positive by either intrathoracic fluid, PCR, or IHC. In summary, the present study observed a high frequency of N. caninum in abortions from dairy cows from southern Brazil, with a higher N. caninum prevalence found in cows that were older than 36 months. In addition, serology, PCR, and IHC should be used all together for better diagnosis of neosporosis in cattle.

Diagnostic accuracy of alpha-defensin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the clinical evaluation of painful hip and knee arthroplasty with possible prosthetic joint infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 101-B (8) ◽  
pp. 970-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kleiss ◽  
N. M. Jandl ◽  
A. Novo de Oliveira ◽  
W. Rüther ◽  
A. Niemeier
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Prosthetic Joint Infection ◽  
Joint Infection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Prosthetic Joint

Aims The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the synovial alpha-defensin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the diagnosis of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) in the work-up prior to revision of total hip (THA) and knee arthroplasty (TKA). Patients and Methods Inclusion criteria for this prospective cohort study were acute or chronic symptoms of the index joint without specific exclusion criteria. Synovial fluid aspirates of 202 patients were analyzed and semiquantitative laboratory alpha-defensin ELISA was performed. Final diagnosis of PJI was established by examination of samples obtained during revision surgery. Results Sensitivity and specificity of the alpha-defensin ELISA for PJI were 78.2% (95% confidence interval (CI) 66.7 to 88.5) and 96.6% (95% CI 93.0 to 99.3). Positive and negative predictive values were 89.6% (95% CI 80.6 to 97.8) and 92.2% (95% CI 87.5 to 96.1). The test remained false-negative in 22% of septic revisions, most of which were due to coagulase-negative staphylococci all occurring in either late-chronic or early-postoperative PJI. Conclusion The routine use of synovial fluid alpha-defensin laboratory ELISA in the preoperative evaluation of symptomatic THAs and TKAs is insufficient to accurately diagnose PJI. Particularly in cases involving low-virulence organisms, such as coagulase-negative staphylococci, there remains a need for tests with a higher sensitivity. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:970–977.

scholarly journals Analysis ofLeishmaniamimetic neoglycoproteins for the cutaneous leishmaniasis diagnosis

Parasitology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 145 (14) ◽  
pp. 1938-1948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lígia Moraes Barizon de Souza ◽  
Vanete Thomaz Soccol ◽  
Ricardo Rasmussen Petterle ◽  
Michelle D. Bates ◽  
Paul A. Bates
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Cell Surfaces ◽  
Cell Markers ◽  
Antibody Titres

AbstractOligosaccharides are broadly present onLeishmaniacell surfaces. They can be useful for the leishmaniases diagnosis and also helpful in identifying new cell markers for the disease. The disaccharide Galα1-3Galβis the immunodominant saccharide inLeishmaniacell surface and is the unique non-reducing terminal glycosphingolipids structure recognized by anti-α-Gal. This study describes an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) used to measure serum levels of anti-α-galactosyl (α-Gal) antibodies in patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Optimal ELISA conditions were established and two neoglycoproteins (NGP) containing the Galα1-3Gal terminal fraction (Galα1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc-HAS and Galα1-3Gal-HAS) and one Galα1-3Gal NGP analogue (Galα1-3Galβ1-3GlcNAc-HAS) were used as antigens. Means of anti-α-Gal antibody titres of CL patients were significantly higher (P< 0.05) than the healthy individuals for all NGPs tested. Sensitivity and specificity of all NGPs ranged from 62.2 to 78.4% and 58.3 to 96.7%, respectively. In conclusion, the NGPs can be used for CL diagnosis.

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and Microbiologic Culture for Diagnosis of Staphylococcus aureus Intramammary Infection in Cows

1996 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAUL C. BARTLETT ◽  
RONALD J. ERSKINE ◽  
PATRICK GASTON ◽  
PHILIP M. SEARS ◽  
HENDRICUS WILHELMUS HOUDIJK
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Relative Sensitivity ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Infection Status ◽  
Intramammary Infection ◽  
Previous Infection ◽  
Current Infection

Recent reports have indicated that the relative sensitivity and specificity of the ELISA test for detection of intramammary infection of cows with Staphylococcus aureus is not as high as originally reported. It has been suggested that antibodies measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) more closely reflect previous infection status rather than current infection status, and that the delay in antibody formation following infection and the persistence of antibodies after elimination of infection may be responsible for some of the discrepancy observed between ELISA and bacterial culture results conducted on the same milk sample. This study (n = 209 cows) was undertaken to determine if an ELISA for S. aureus intramammary infection more closely reflects previous infection status than it does current infection status, and to ascertain whether correction of this time-delay factor substantially improves calculated values of ELISA relative sensitivity and specificity. Receiver-operator curves were constructed to compare different time-related definitions of microbiologic culture results used for comparison with ELISA results. A greater degree of curvature in receiver-operator curves indicated that ELISA results did more closely reflect culture results performed on milk samples taken 1 and 3 weeks previously. Insignificant improvement in sensitivity and specificity occurred when the database was limited to cows (n = 140) with milk production greater than 13.6 kg/day. However, values of sensitivity were all less than or equal to 90%, and values of specificity were all less than 54%.

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