scholarly journals Socio-demographic inequalities in the clinical characteristics of dengue haemorrhagic fever in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2007–2008

2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-366
Author(s):  
Sheila Moura Pone ◽  
Yara Hahr Marques Hökerberg ◽  
Patricia Brasil ◽  
Cecília Carmen de Araújo Nicolai ◽  
Rogério Ferrari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Plasma Leakage ◽  
The City

AbstractIn 2007–2008, the city of Rio de Janeiro underwent an epidemiological change, with increases in the incidence in children and in severe forms of dengue. To describe the clinical profile and spatial distribution of dengue we performed an ecological study based on dengue surveillance data using the Brazilian classification (2005): dengue fever, dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue with complications. χ2 test was used to describe the clinical and socio-demographic variables (P < 0.05). Spatial distribution of incidence and case-fatality was explored with thematic maps, Moran and Geary indices (P < 0.05). Of the total of 151 527 dengue cases, 38 808 met the inclusion criteria; 42.4% <18 years; 22.9% dengue with complications and 2.7% DHF. Case-fatality was higher in infants (1.4%) and in DHF (7.7%). Bleeding was more frequent in adolescents and adults while plasma leakage was more common in preschoolers and schoolchildren. The highest incidence was found in the West Zone of the city, in a different area from that of the worst case-fatality (P < 0.05). Although the incidence of DHF was higher in schoolchildren, infants showed higher case-fatality. The area with the highest case-fatality did not present the highest incidence, which suggests problems in the organization of health services.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Pandemic in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: A Social Inequality Report

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 596
Author(s):  
Yago Bernardo ◽  
Denes do Rosario ◽  
Carlos Conte-Junior
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Social Inequality ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Case Fatality Rate ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
Retrospective Report ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City

Background and Objectives: To perform a retrospective report on the lethality of COVID-19 in different realities in the city of Rio de Janeiro (RJ). Materials and Methods: We accomplished an observational study by collecting the data about total confirmed cases and deaths due to COVID-19 in the top 10 high social developed neighborhoods and top 10 most populous favelas in RJ to determine the case-fatality rate (CFR) and compare these two different realities. Results: CFR was significatively higher in poverty areas of RJ, reaching a mean of 9.08% in the most populous favelas and a mean of 4.87% in the socially developed neighborhoods. Conclusions: The social mitigation measures adopted in RJ have benefited only smaller portions of the population, excluding needy communities.

scholarly journals Analysis of the spatial distribution of dengue cases in the city of Rio de Janeiro, 2011 and 2012

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Carvalho ◽  
Mônica De Avelar Figueiredo Mafra Magalhães ◽  
Roberto De Andrade Medronho
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Kernel Density ◽  
Severe Dengue ◽  
Automatic Process ◽  
Density Estimator ◽  
Macroeconomic Policies ◽  
The City

OBJECTIVE Analyze the spatial distribution of classical dengue and severe dengue cases in the city of Rio de Janeiro. METHODS Exploratory study, considering cases of classical dengue and severe dengue with laboratory confirmation of the infection in the city of Rio de Janeiro during the years 2011/2012. The georeferencing technique was applied for the cases notified in the Notification Increase Information System in the period of 2011 and 2012. For this process, the fields “street” and “number” were used. The ArcGis10 program’s Geocoding tool’s automatic process was performed. The spatial analysis was done through the kernel density estimator. RESULTS Kernel density pointed out hotspots for classic dengue that did not coincide geographically with severe dengue and were in or near favelas. The kernel ratio did not show a notable change in the spatial distribution pattern observed in the kernel density analysis. The georeferencing process showed a loss of 41% of classic dengue registries and 17% of severe dengue registries due to the address in the Notification Increase Information System form. CONCLUSIONS The hotspots near the favelas suggest that the social vulnerability of these localities can be an influencing factor for the occurrence of this aggravation since there is a deficiency of the supply and access to essential goods and services for the population. To reduce this vulnerability, interventions must be related to macroeconomic policies.

scholarly journals The Vascular Endothelium in Patients with Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (14) ◽  
pp. 2221-2225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mutiara ◽  
Stephen C. L. Koh ◽  
Adang Bachtiar ◽  
Herman Hariman
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelium ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Endothelial Activation ◽  
Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Endothelial Cell Activation ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Plasma Leakage ◽  
D Dimer

BACKGROUND: Dengue fever is the most serious consequence of mosquito-borne infection worldwide. The pathophysiology of DHF in human is complex, which involve endothelial cell activation and impaired endothelial barrier leading to plasma leakage triggering the activation of the haemostatic system. The increased vascular permeability may lead to hypovolemia, hypotension and shock, which is life-threatening. AIM: The objective of the study was to determine the effects of dengue haemorrhagic fever on the vascular endothelium. METHODS: Fifty patients (males 34, females 16), were recruited, Grade 1 (n = 41), Grade 2 (n = 6), Grade 3 (n = 2) and Grade 4 (n = 1) DHF. Blood sampling was performed at the febrile, defervescence and convalescent phases for the determination of haemoglobin, haematocrit, platelets, prothrombin fragment F1 + 2, Von Willebrand Factor (VWF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and D-dimer levels. Fifteen normal subjects were recruited to serve as normal controls. RESULTS: The patients aged between 4 and 54 years old. Grades 1 & 2 DHF showed no significant differences in the parameters studied. However, thrombocytopenia, elevated F1 + 2, VWF, VEGF and D-dimer levels were evident in febrile, defervescence and convalescent phases suggesting endothelial activation and plasma leakage. Pleural effusion was observed only in severe DHF. The three patients with Grades 3 and 4 DHF had similar study results. No mortality was recorded in the study. CONCLUSION: In dengue haemorrhagic fever, the vascular endothelium is activated, causing plasma leakage triggering the activation of the haemostatic system creating a hypercoagulable and enhanced fibrinolytic state evident by marked fibrinolysis.

Models for the onset of plasma leakage in dengue haemorrhagic fever

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 3709-3719 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kallista ◽  
N. Nuraini ◽  
L. Natalia ◽  
E. Soewono
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Plasma Leakage

Slow Improvement of Clinically-Diagnosed Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever Case Fatality Rates

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 156-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelma S Magpusao ◽  
Alan Monteclar ◽  
Jacqueline L Deen
Keyword(s):  
Case Fatality Rate ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Fever Case ◽  
The Past ◽  
Management Protocol ◽  
Before And After

Dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) is recognized as a leading cause of hospitalization and death among children in many Southeast Asian countries. This study reviews the case fatality rates of DHF cases admitted to a referral hospital in Cebu (Philippines) over the past 5 years. Information on patients 14 years old or younger admitted from 1 January 1997 to 31 December 2001 with the final clinical diagnosis of DHF was collated and analysed. Case fatality rates were compared before and after a standardized management protocol was implemented by the healthcare staff and after introduction of revisions to that protocol. The case fatality rate during the 2-year periods prior and after introduction of the management protocol decreased significantly from 197/2644 (7.45%) to 39/1182 (3.30%) ( P<0.01). Following the introduction of revisions to the protocol, the case fatality was reduced even further to 52/1697 (3.06%) ( P=0.7). In this government hospital the introduction of a standardized management protocol for DHF was associated with a significant improvement in the case fatality rate of hospitalized children with clinically diagnosed DHF. However, compared with reports from hospitals in other dengue-endemic countries, the improvement has been slow. Possible ways to decrease fatality rates further have been identified.

scholarly journals Pathogenesis of Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever and Its Impact on Case Management

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kolitha H. Sellahewa
Keyword(s):  
Early Recognition ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Exact Nature ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Viral Virulence ◽  
Plasma Leakage ◽  
Haematological Indices

Plasma leakage and intrinsic coagulopathy are the pathological hall marks in dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF). Viral virulence, infection enhancing antibodies, cytokines and chemical mediators in the setting of intense immune activation are the key players implicated in the pathogenesis of DHF; the exact nature of which is yet to be fully understood. The pathophysiological changes the attended clinical features of plasma leakage necessitate recognition of changing physiological parameters for the early recognition of plasma leakage and appropriate fluid therapy. On the other hand, the changes in the haematological indices resulting from coagulopathy can tempt the clinician to initiate other modalities of therapy. A clearer understanding of the pathogenesis of DHF and the appreciation that both of these fundamental pathological changes share common pathogenic mechanisms would facilitate the appropriateness of management decisions and the early recognition of severe disease. Thus, thrombocytopaenia, reduced fibrinogen, and prolonged partial thromboplastin time early in the disease course connoted severe disease and attended plasma leakage rather than clinical bleeding. The detection of plasma cytokine profile by a multiple bead immunoassay could also complement clinical parameters in predicting severe disease early in the disease course. Thus, MIP-β indicates good prognosis while IFN-γ portends severe disease.

scholarly journals Unprovoked hemothorax : an unusual presentation in Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-122
Author(s):  
Robin George Manappallil
Keyword(s):  
Viral Disease ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Plasma Leakage

According to WHO, Dengue fever (DF) is the most rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral disease in the world. Dengue Haemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a severe and more serious form of DF, characterised by fever, bleeding manifestations, plasma leakage and thrombocytopenia. This is a case of a 28 year old male, who presented with history of fever and myalgia and was diagnosed to have DF. He had developed acute onset dyspnoea and his chest X-Ray showed right sided pleural effusion. Pleurocentesis revealed haemorrhagic fluid in the absence of trauma.Unprovoked hemothorax as an initial presentation of DHF has rarely been reported.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(3) 2016 121-122

Dengue haemorrhagic fever in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: a study of 56 confirmed cases

1994 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 677-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M.O. Zagne ◽  
V.G.F. Alves ◽  
R.M.R. Nogueira ◽  
M.P. Miagostovich ◽  
E. Lampe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
The State ◽  
Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Haemorrhagic Fever

scholarly journals Visualização de dados sobre os parques públicos cariocas | Data Visualization on public parks in Rio de Janeiro

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-272
Author(s):  
Victória Diniz Sacagami ◽  
Larissa E. Siveira ◽  
Lucia M. Costa ◽  
Julie A. Pires
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Data Visualization ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Landscape Architecture ◽  
Public Parks ◽  
Interdisciplinary Work ◽  
The City ◽  
Park Location ◽  
Graphic Solution

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar o desenvolvimento de uma visualização de dados acerca de uma pesquisa sobre a distribuição espacial dos parques públicos da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Trata-se de um trabalho interdisciplinar, na interface entre Comunicação Visual,Urbanismo e Paisagismo. A partir da visualização de dados, o trabalho visa a criação de uma solução gráfica capaz de revelar espacialidades, inter-relações e dinâmicas socio ambientais, levantando discussões acerca dos principais aspectos que influenciam na localização dos parques na cidade.+++++This paper aims to present the development of a data visualization about a research on the spatial distribution of public parks in the city of Rio de Janeiro. It is an interdisciplinary work in the interface between Visual Communication, Urbanism and Landscape Architecture. Based on data visualization, the work aims to create a graphic solution able of revealing spatialities, social relationships and dynamics, raising discussions about the main aspects that influence park location within the city.

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