scholarly journals Multiple drug resistance patterns and plasmid profiles of non-typhi salmonellae in Turkey

1998 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. YILDIRMAK ◽  
A. YAZGAN ◽  
G. OZCENGIZ
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Frequent Patterns ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Plasmid Profiles ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

A total of 259 clinical isolates of nonrepetitive non-typhi salmonellae (NTS) were examined for antibiotic resistance patterns and plasmid content. The antibiotics used were amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (AMC), ampicillin (AM), aztreonam (ATM), carbenicillin (CB), cefixime (CFM), cefotaxime (CTX), cefoxitin (FOX), ceftazidime (CAZ), ceftriaxone (CRO), chloramphenicol (C), ciprofloxacin (CIP), gentamicin (GM), imipenem (IPM), ofloxacin (OFX), tetracycline (TE), trimethoprim-sulfomethoxazole (SXT). Multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains comprised 19·3% of the total isolates (50/259) and almost all were S. typhimurium (49/50). Fifteen different patterns of resistance was observed, AM/CB/C/AMC/TE and AM/CB/C/AMC/SXT/GM/CTX/CRO/CAZ/CFM/ATM being the most frequent patterns. Twenty-eight out of 50 multiresistant isolates were found to contain at least one plasmid (mean five) and the size of the plasmids ranged between 1·7 and 158 kb. Plasmid profiles of multi-resistant NTS strains were heterogenous as 21 different profiles were detected in a total of 28 plasmid-bearing isolates. No direct correlation was established between antibiotic resistance patterns and plasmid profiles.

scholarly journals Emergence of multiple drug resistance Vibrio cholerae O1 in East Delhi

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (04) ◽  
pp. 294-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shukla Das ◽  
Shilpee Choudhry ◽  
Rumpa Saha ◽  
Vishnampettai Ganapathysubramanian Ramachandran ◽  
Kamaldeep Kaur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Phage Typing ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Secretory Diarrhoea ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

Introduction: Considering the changing geographical and temporal occurrence of Vibrio cholerae, there is a continuing need to monitor the strain characteristics and antibiotic resistance patterns of this pathogen. The present study was conducted to document the changing biology of V. cholerae isolates in and around Delhi, India, and the development of antibiotic resistance. Methodology: A total of 1,424 stool samples or rectal swabs from patients with acute secretory diarrhoea admitted to Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, between January 2007 and December 2009 were processed using standard bacteriological methods. Strains identified as V. cholerae were further subjected to serogrouping, phage typing and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of gentamicin and tetracycline was determined. Results: V. cholerae was isolated in 242/1,424 (17.0%) specimens. Of these, the majority were V. cholerae O1 serotype (98.3%) and serovar Ogawa. The drugs to which V. cholerae O1 isolates showed high levels of resistance were nalidixic acid, furazolidone, and cotrimoxazole throughout the study period, whereas strains were usually susceptible to chloramphenicol and cefotaxime. In 2007, there was a sudden increase of resistance to gentamicin and tetracycline, followed by a slow reversal to previous levels in subsequent years. The phage typing pattern (Basu and Mukherjee scheme) showed a dominance of phage type 2 throughout the study period. Conclusion: The importance of reporting all cases of V. cholerae, should be greatly emphasized, with the ultimate goal of understanding the constantly changing resistance patterns of this pathogen.

scholarly journals Molecular relationship amongSalmonella dublinisolates identified at the Center for Enterobacteriaceae of Palermo during the years 1971–85

1987 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Nastasi ◽  
M. R. Villafrate ◽  
C. Mammina ◽  
M. F. Massenti ◽  
D. Oliva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Salmonella Dublin ◽  
Genetic Function ◽  
Molecular Epidemiological Study ◽  
Plasmid Profiles ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

SUMMARYA molecular epidemiological study was carried out on 60Salmonella dublinisolates identified at the Southern Italy Enterobacteriaceae Center between 1971 and 1985. These included 23 isolates from children with diarrhoea in Palermo obtained during 1984.All isolates from the outbreak of gastroenteritis in children were resistant to chloramphenicol and streptomycin and harboured two plasmids of 50 MDa and 3 MDa molecular weight, whereas the majority of the isolates identified before 1984 were susceptible to these antibiotics and carried only a 50 MDa molecular weight plasmid. FourS. dublinstrains successively identified from cattle (Palermo, Foggia, Portici) and from a child (Palermo) were shown to possess similar antibiotic resistance patterns and plasmid profiles toS. dublinisolates from the outbreak of gastroenteritis in children.The 50 MDa plasmid was shown to be associated with virulence in mice, while it was not possible to assign any genetic function to the 3 MDa plasmid.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial susceptibility, plasmid profiles, and RAPD-PCR typing of Acinetobacter bacteria

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 901-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nourkhoda Sadeghifard ◽  
Reza Ranjbar ◽  
Javad Zaeimi ◽  
Mohammad Yousef Alikhani ◽  
Sobhan Ghafouryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Acinetobacter Species ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Plasmid Profiles ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp

Abstract Background: Multiple-drug resistant Acinetobacter have widely spread in the last decades imposing a serious nosocomial source of infection. Nevertheless, little knowledge was gaimed on tracing the development of antibiotic resistance in Acinetobacter species. Objectives: Explore Acinetobacter spp. via antimicrobial susceptibility, plasmid profiles, and random amplified polymorphism DNA polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) typing. Methods: One hundred twelve Acinetobacter isolates (including 66 A. baumannii and 46 non-Acinetobacter baumannii strains) were obtained from three university hospitals. The source of infection of these isolates included blood, urine, wound, and respiratory tract. Their susceptibilities to 17 antibiotics were tested and then all Acinetobacter isolates were typed by plasmid analysis and RAPD-PCR method. Results: A. baumannii isolates revealed nine different patterns of antibiotic resistance. Of those, non- A. baumannii, were associated with plasmid and RAPD-PCR typings (p <0.05). A. baumannii was more resistant to multiple antibiotics than non-A. baumannii (p <0.05). Seven different plasmid profiles were observed among 112 Acinetobacter isolates. Plasmids were found in 107 (95.5%) of the 112 isolates. Unlike in RAPD-PCR typing, there was no difference between the type of Acinetobacter, A. or non-A. baumannii strains and plasmid profiles (p >0.05). By RAPD-PCR, six profiles were found for each A. and non-A. baumannii strains. The pattern 6 was the most common pattern among the isolates. Both plasmid and RAPD-PCR typing showed no association between plasmid profiling and site of infection (p >0.05). Conclusion: There is a wide spread of multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter spp., particularly A. baumannii, in the Middle East region that can be traced efficiently by plasmid and genotyping typing of Acinetobacter. More care should be taken for tracing the development of antimicrobial resistance of Acinetobacter using precise molecular typing techniques.

scholarly journals R plasmids conferring multiple drug resistance from shigella isolated in Korea

1984 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doki Chun ◽  
Dong Taek Cho ◽  
Sung Yong Seol ◽  
Min Ho Suh ◽  
Yoo Chul Lee
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
R Plasmids ◽  
Resistance Markers ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains

SUMMARYThe majority (85%) of shigella isolated in 1980 and 1981 in Korea wereShigella flexneri, the others wereSh. sonnei(14%) with only a small number ofSh. dysenteriae. Only 14 of the 459 strains of shigella isolated were susceptible to all 12 drugs tested, and 445 were resistant to three or more drugs. Strains multiply resistant to the six drugs, chloramphenicol (Cm), tetracycline (Tc), streptomycin (Sm), sulfisomidine (Su), ampicillin (Ap) and trimethoprim (Tp) were most frequently encountered, followed by those resistant to Cm, Tc, Sm, Su and Tp. The complete patterns of resistance to drugs except nalidixic acid and rifampin in approximately 73% of drug-resistant strains were co-transferred toEscherichia coliby conjugation, indicating that the resistance was R plasmid-mediated. Randomly selected R plasmids conferring various patterns of resistance markers were tested for the incompatibility groups, and almost all of them were classified intoIncFII. Two of three R plasmids conferring resistance to Cm, Tc, Sm and Su were classified intoIncB and one toIncFII. Two R types with resistance markers of Cm, Tc, Sm and Ap were not classified with our standard plasmids used.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance of Enterococcus Species Isolated from Produce

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 3133-3137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynette M. Johnston ◽  
Lee-Ann Jaykus
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Fresh Produce ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Intrinsic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to characterize the antibiotic resistance profiles of Enterococcus species isolated from fresh produce harvested in the southwestern United States. Among the 185 Enterococcus isolates obtained, 97 (52%) were Enterococcus faecium, 38 (21%) were Enterococcus faecalis, and 50 (27%) were other Enterococcus species. Of human clinical importance, E. faecium strains had a much higher prevalence of resistance to ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, and nitrofurantoin than E. faecalis. E. faecalis strains had a low prevalence of resistance to antibiotics used to treat E. faecalis infections of both clinical and of agricultural relevance, excluding its intrinsic resistance patterns. Thirty-four percent of the isolates had multiple-drug-resistance patterns, excluding intrinsic resistance. Data on the prevalence and types of antibiotic resistance in Enterococcus species isolated from fresh produce may be used to describe baseline antibiotic susceptibility profiles associated with Enterococcus spp. isolated from the environment. The data collected may also help elucidate the role of foods in the transmission of antibiotic-resistant strains to human populations.

scholarly journals Uji Resistensi Antibiotik dan Deteksi Gen Plasmid IncHI1 Salmonella typhi Isolat Jayapura

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rini S. Kelanit ◽  
Dirk Y.P. Runtuboi ◽  
Tri Gunaedi
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Plasmid Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

The research on antibiotic resistance test and detection of gene Plasmid IncHI1 1 Salmonella typhi isolates of Jayapura have been conducted in January to August 2015. The purpose of this study is to determine antibiotic resistance patterns and detect the presence ofS. typhi IncHI1 plasmid genes in Jayapura.The method of study was the laboratory analytic where ninety two samples were culture tested and S. typhi identified was tested using disc diffusion method of Kirby Bouer to see any resistance toward 18 antibiotics. Plasmids of S. typhi then were extracted using method of Kado-Liu. To ensure the presence of S. typhi DNA, the testof flagellin gen detection had been done using Nested PCR followed by gene Inchi1 S. typhi detection. The results showed that among 8 isolates of S. typhi, there has been a Multi Drug Resistant (MDR) of 7 samples (87.5%) with varying resistance patterns where the most resistant antibiotics are Amoxicillin 100% (8 isolates), Cefazolin 75% (6 isolates), Ampicillin 75% (6 isolates), Trimethoprim–Sulfamethoksazol 62.5% (5 isolates), Amikacin 62.5% (5 isolates), Gentamicin 50% (4 isolates) and Ampisillin–Sulbactam 50% (4 isolates). The most sensitive antibiotics is Meropenem is 87.5% (7 isolates). PCR test results showed that there were no genes of IncHI1 S. typhi in Jayapura.Key words: Salmonella typhi, gen IncHI1, antibiotic resistance, Jayapura.

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