scholarly journals The historical and current status of Pink-headed Duck Rhodonessa caryophyllacea in Myanmar

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew W. Tordoff ◽  
Tim Appleton ◽  
Jonathan C. Eames ◽  
Karin Eberhardt ◽  
Htin Hla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Museum Specimens ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Critically Endangered Species ◽  
The Status ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Wetland Habitats

AbstractPink-headed Duck Rhodonessa caryophyllacea is a Critically Endangered species that has not been confirmed in the wild since 1948–1949. Historical records of the species are concentrated in India, although there are also a few from Myanmar. Between 2003 and 2005, BirdLife International and the Biodiversity and Nature Conservation Association (BANCA) conducted a series of field surveys of wetland habitats in the lowlands of Kachin state, an area with a cluster of historical records of the species. These were the first targeted efforts to assess the status of the species in Myanmar. These surveys were complemented by reviews of museum specimens and literature relating to the species in Myanmar. Two specimen records represent very strong evidence that the species occurred in Myanmar historically, although they shed little light on its seasonal status in the country. The surveys conducted by BirdLife International and BANCA were unable to confirm the continued occurrence of Pink-headed Duck in Myanmar. However, they did generate a limited amount of equivocal direct evidence, most notably two possible but unconfirmed sightings. There are several reasons for believing that the species may still persist in the lowlands of Kachin state and, perhaps, elsewhere in Myanmar. Shyness, combined with rarity, possible nocturnal habits and the impenetrability of its habitats, means that the species tended to be under-recorded historically, and may continue to be so currently. Further surveys are required to confirm this.

scholarly journals Community-based study to demonstrate the presence and local perspectives of the Critically Endangered Chinese Pangolin Manis pentadactyla in Zhejiang Wuyanling, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 15547-15556
Author(s):  
Hongying Li ◽  
Shusheng Zhang ◽  
Ji Zhang ◽  
Zupei Lei ◽  
Fangdong Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mainland China ◽  
Infrared Camera ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Illegal Hunting ◽  
Critically Endangered Species ◽  
The Status ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Manis Pentadactyla ◽  
Camera Surveillance

Illegal hunting and trading of the Chinese Pangolin Manis pentadactyla has pushed this Critically Endangered species close to extinction.  While local reports have suggested its continued presence in mainland China, this has not been confirmed by a research group except for a survey of presumed pangolin burrows in 2004.  We conducted a six-month field study using infrared camera surveillance and community questionnaire survey in Zhejiang Wuyanling National Nature Reserve in China, to determine the status of Chinese Pangolins and understand local attitudes towards the conservation of this species.  Our study details the first verifiable documentation of two visual records of a Chinese Pangolin in the wild, demonstrating the suitability of pangolin habitat in Wuyanling region, and suggests an increasing awareness and strong willingness in local communities to conserve the Chinese Pangolin.  

Status of crocodiles in the U Minh Thuong Nature Reserve, southern Vietnam

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan L. Stuart ◽  
Benjamin Hayes ◽  
Bui Huu Manh ◽  
Steven G. Platt
Keyword(s):  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Local People ◽  
Swamp Forest ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Southern Vietnam ◽  
The Status ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Crocodylus Siamensis

Both species of native crocodile, Siamese Crocodile Crocodylus siamensis and Estuarine Crocodile C. porosus, are seriously threatened in the wild in Vietnam. The swamp forest of the U Minh region in southern Vietnam was recently suggested to harbor the last remaining wild Estuarine Crocodiles in the country. We investigated the status of crocodiles in the U Minh Thuong Nature Reserve by conducting field surveys and interviewing local people. Field surveys found no signs of living wild crocodiles, and interview results strongly suggested that wild crocodiles have not occurred at U Minh Thuong Nature Reserve for perhaps as long as 30 years.

scholarly journals Bilkis gazelle in Yemen – status and taxonomic relationships

Oryx ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 239-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaud Greth ◽  
Douglas Williamson ◽  
Colin Groves ◽  
Georg Schwede ◽  
Marc Vassart
Keyword(s):  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
General Lack ◽  
South West ◽  
Conservation Measures ◽  
New Information ◽  
The Status ◽  
Taxonomic Research ◽  
Systematic Field

Bilkis gazelle Gazella bilkis was first described in 1985 from material collected in Yemen in 1951. No new information about the species has been forthcoming since then and the animal's current status is uncertain in two respects. First, it is difficult to establish the taxonomic relationship between G. bilkis and a possible subspecies of the Arabian gazelle, G. gazella erlangeri, which also occurs in the south-west Arabian peninsula. Secondly, uncontrolled hunting and the general lack of conservation measures in Yemen mean that, if it does still survive, its continued existence is far from assured. Systematic field surveys and taxonomic research are urgently needed to clarify the status of this animal and draw up conservation measures.

scholarly journals The status of southern white-cheeked gibbon (Nomascus siki) in Truong Son key biodiversity area

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Dinh Duy ◽  
Dang Ngoc Can ◽  
Le Trong Trai ◽  
Le Van Ninh ◽  
Tran Dang Hieu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
The West ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
The Status

The Southern white-cheeked crested gibbon, Nomascus siki, is an endemic primate to Vietnam and Laos, and has been identified as a nationally and globally endangered species (EN). However, little information is known on the status of the species in Vietnam generally and in the Truong Son key biodiversity area (Truong Son KBA) particularly. In order to explore the current status of the species in the Truong Son KBA, we conducted field surveys in 2018 and 2019. Analysis of the survey data shows 149 groups of gibbon in the 4 study areas. Combined with results of similar-techniqued survey in 2016 on the same species in Khe Nuoc Trong forest, we identified at least 252 gibbon groups and estimated 425 gibbon groups in the entire Truong Son KBA. These gibbon groups are mainly distributed in medium-rich evergreen closed forests in mountainous areas of the west Truong Son KBA, adjacent to the Vietnam-Laos border. 

scholarly journals Assessing non-detrimental trade for a CITES Appendix II-listed plant species: the status of wild and cultivated Galanthus woronowii in Georgia

Oryx ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Noel McGough ◽  
David Kikodze ◽  
Richard Wilford ◽  
Lucy Garrett ◽  
Grigol Deisadze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Scientific Authority ◽  
Species Survival ◽  
The Status ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Cultivated Populations ◽  
Future Work

AbstractA process for the review of significant trade in species listed in CITES Appendix II was established to address problems with the application of CITES Article IV. Article IV states that international trade in Appendix II species requires a Scientific Authority of the state of export to determine that such trade will not be detrimental to the species’ survival in the wild. Such a review process was initiated for the plant species Galanthus woronowii Losinsk. as a result of continuing uncertainty over the sustainability of international exports of the plant from wild populations in Georgia, and the Georgian Management Authority was tasked with determining and reporting whether export levels conformed to Article IV. Here we report on the project that was established to address that task. Nationwide field surveys conducted in 2009 led to the recommendation of a conservative annual export quota of 15 million plants for the sites surveyed. Cultivated populations held significant stocks of harvestable plants but with varied cultivation histories, especially in relation to the extent and nature of supplementary planting. Future work should continue to monitor harvesting from wild populations and identify solutions for local communities wishing to cultivate the plant for international trade.

scholarly journals Reassessment of the distribution and population size of Spizella wortheni

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-461
Author(s):  
LAURA M. SCOTT-MORALES ◽  
PATRICIA VELA-COIFFIER ◽  
MAURICIO COTERA-CORREA ◽  
MIRNA ALMEJO-RAMOS ◽  
JULIO CANALES-DELGADILLO
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
Conservation Assessment ◽  
Basic Model ◽  
The Status ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Line Transects

SummaryInformation deficit constrains our capacity to assess the status of threatened species in regional and global contexts. In this study of the endangered Worthen’s Sparrow Spizella wortheni, we first review its current and potential distribution using the species distribution software, Maxent. An initial basic model was constructed using historical records, and used to guide a subsequent search for additional populations in summer 2013. Using the information gathered from our survey, we built a second, breeding model, to update the current and potential species distribution. Population size was estimated using line transects of variable length to count singing males and calculate densities per 10 ha. We found 10 new small reproductive populations dispersed south of the established core area, increasing the extent of occurrence of the species from 25 km2 to almost 17,000 km2. Suitable habitat across the species’ range was more than threefold higher in the breeding compared with the basic model. We counted 316 males, with a mean density of four individuals per 10 ha. Our results demonstrate that conservation assessment based on limited records can exaggerate the vulnerability of species, and confirm that the Worthen’s Sparrow population and geographic distribution range are larger than previously determined, indicating that the Red List status of this species should be reconsidered. The use of niche models was successful in enhancing species information data quantity (e.g. range extensions) and quality (e.g. more precise habitat requirements), facilitating improved understanding of needs and conservation status in the wild.

Jenis-Jenis Ikan Indonesia yang Kritis dan Terancam Punah

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Andri Iskandar ◽  
M Muslim ◽  
Andri Hendriana ◽  
W Wiyoto
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Endangered Fish ◽  
The Public ◽  
Critically Endangered Species ◽  
The Status ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Rule Out

ABSTRACTIndonesia has a high diversity of fish species. Some fish species are critical and endangered. Information on Indonesian native and endemic fish species needs to be disseminated to the public. Such information is available in various sources and is generally in a foreign language. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to inventory and distribute information about several species of fish native to Indonesian public waters that need special attention because they are endangered and critically endangered. Species of fish, especially species that have been critically endangered, do not rule out turning into extinct in the wild (extinct in the wild). The decline in the status of the above from vulnerable (vulnerable) to endangered (endangered) and critical (critically endangered) or even become extinct in the wild (extinct in the wild) caused by various factors, including the existence of fisheries activities that tend to exploit natural resources without offset by conservation activities and increasing pollution of water conditions. With this information, it is expected to anticipate the extinction of these species. The study was conducted using the literature study method. Based on the search results, there were 22 endangered fish species and 15 critically endangered fish species. The Indonesian government has designated 20 protected fish species. Domestication of endangered and critical species is urgent to do, to prevent the extinction of these species. ABSTRAKIndonesia memiliki keanekaragaman spesies ikan yang tinggi. Beberapa spesies ikan sudah kritis dan terancam punah. Informasi jenis-jenis ikan asli dan endemik Indonesia perlu diserbarluaskan ke masyarakat. Informasi tersebut terdapat diberbagai sumber dan umumnya berbahasa asing. Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menginventarisasi dan mendistribusikan informasi tentang beberapa spesies ikan asli penghuni perairan umum Indonesia yang perlu mendapat perhatian khusus karena berstatus terancam punah (endangered) dan kritis (critically endangered). Spesies-spesies ikan tersebut terutama spesies yang sudah berstatus kritis terancam punah, tidak menutup kemungkinan berubah menjadi punah di alam liar (extinct in the wild). Terjadinya penurunan status diatas dari rentan (vulnerable) ke terancam punah (endangered) dan kritis (critically endangered) atau bahkan menjadi punah di alam liar (extinctin the wild) disebabkan oleh berbagai macam faktor, diantaranya adanya kegiatan perikanan yang cenderung mengeksploitasi sumber daya alam tanpa diimbangi dengan kegiatan konservasi serta meningkatnya pencemaran terhadap kondisi perairan. Dengan adanya informasi ini diharapkan dapat melakukan antisipasi pencegahan kepunahan spesies tersebut. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode studi literatur. Berdasarkan hasil penelusuran, diperoleh 22 spesies ikan yang terancam punah (endangered) dan 15 spesies ikan yang sudah kritis (critically endangered). Pemerintah Indonesia telah menetapkan 20 spesies ikan yang dilindungi. Domestikasi spesies-spesies yang terancam punah dan kritis sudah mendesak untuk dilakukan, untuk mencegah kepunahan spesies tersebut. 

scholarly journals Range contractions in the Critically Endangered Seychelles terrapins (Pelusios spp.)

Oryx ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Gerlach ◽  
L. Canning
Keyword(s):  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Iucn Red List Categories ◽  
Captive Breeding Programme ◽  
The Status ◽  
Water Plants ◽  
Wetland Habitats

AbstractThe status of the Seychelles endemic terrapins is reviewed based on field-surveys. Pelusios castanoides intergularis and P. subniger parietalis are confined to a small number of marshes and rivers. All the sites occupied are limited in area (<4.5 ha) and under threat from drainage, predation and invasion by alien water plants. The smallest populations are unlikely to be viable in the long-term. Both species can be categorized as Critically Endangered using the IUCN Red List categories, with highly restricted ranges (2.89 and 6.02 ha for P. castanoides and P. subniger, respectively) that have decreased by over 50 per cent in recent years. Conservation of these species requires both the protection of wetland habitats and the establishment of new populations in protected areas. A captive breeding programme has been established with the aim of reintroducing juveniles into secure reserves. The endemic species P. seychellensis may be extinct.

Prey tell: what quillback rockfish early life history traits reveal about their survival in encounters with juvenile coho salmon

2020 ◽  
Vol 650 ◽  
pp. 7-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
HW Fennie ◽  
S Sponaugle ◽  
EA Daly ◽  
RD Brodeur
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Larval Fish ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Otolith Microstructure Analysis ◽  
Pelagic Juvenile

Predation is a major source of mortality in the early life stages of fishes and a driving force in shaping fish populations. Theoretical, modeling, and laboratory studies have generated hypotheses that larval fish size, age, growth rate, and development rate affect their susceptibility to predation. Empirical data on predator selection in the wild are challenging to obtain, and most selective mortality studies must repeatedly sample populations of survivors to indirectly examine survivorship. While valuable on a population scale, these approaches can obscure selection by particular predators. In May 2018, along the coast of Washington, USA, we simultaneously collected juvenile quillback rockfish Sebastes maliger from both the environment and the stomachs of juvenile coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch. We used otolith microstructure analysis to examine whether juvenile coho salmon were age-, size-, and/or growth-selective predators of juvenile quillback rockfish. Our results indicate that juvenile rockfish consumed by salmon were significantly smaller, slower growing at capture, and younger than surviving (unconsumed) juvenile rockfish, providing direct evidence that juvenile coho salmon are selective predators on juvenile quillback rockfish. These differences in early life history traits between consumed and surviving rockfish are related to timing of parturition and the environmental conditions larval rockfish experienced, suggesting that maternal effects may substantially influence survival at this stage. Our results demonstrate that variability in timing of parturition and sea surface temperature leads to tradeoffs in early life history traits between growth in the larval stage and survival when encountering predators in the pelagic juvenile stage.

scholarly journals Dental Applications of Carbon Nanotubes

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4423
Author(s):  
Marco A. Castro-Rojas ◽  
Yadira I. Vega-Cantu ◽  
Geoffrey A. Cordell ◽  
Aida Rodriguez-Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Oral Infections ◽  
Functional Behavior ◽  
The Status ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Dental Applications

Glass ionomer cements and resin-based composites are promising materials in restorative dentistry. However, their limited mechanical properties and the risk of bulk/marginal fracture compromise their lifespan. Intensive research has been conducted to understand and develop new materials that can mimic the functional behavior of the oral cavity. Nanotechnological approaches have emerged to treat oral infections and become a part of scaffolds for tissue regeneration. Carbon nanotubes are promising materials to create multifunctional platforms for dental applications. This review provides a comprehensive survey of and information on the status of this state-of-the-art technology and describes the development of glass ionomers reinforced with carbon nanotubes possessing improved mechanical properties. The applications of carbon nanotubes in drug delivery and tissue engineering for healing infections and lesions of the oral cavity are also described. The review concludes with a summary of the current status and presents a vision of future applications of carbon nanotubes in the practice of dentistry.

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