scholarly journals Introduction to special issue: Physics and computer science – quantum computation and other approaches

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 995-997 ◽  
Author(s):  
SALVADOR ELÍAS VENEGAS-ANDRACA
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Energy Transport ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Quantum Walks ◽  
Computer Hardware ◽  
Computer Engineering ◽  
Light Harvesting Complexes ◽  
Models Of Computation ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Computational Procedures

Computer science and computer engineering are disciplines that have very definitely permeated and transformed every aspect of modern society. In these fields, cutting-edge research is about new models of computation, new materials and techniques for building computer hardware and novel methods for speeding-up algorithms. But it is also about building bridges between computer science and various other scientific fields, bridges that allow scientists to both think of natural phenomena as computational procedures and to employ novel models of computation to simulate natural processes (for example, quantum walks have been used to model energy transport in photosynthetic light harvesting complexes (Hoyer et al. 2010; Caruso et al. 2010)). A convergence of scientific, technological, economic and epistemological demands is driving and integrating this research.

scholarly journals Noise-Assisted Discord-Like Correlations in Light-Harvesting Photosynthetic Complexes

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-271
Author(s):  
Pablo Reséndiz-Vázquez ◽  
Ricardo Román-Ancheyta ◽  
Roberto León-Montiel
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Energy Transport ◽  
Light Harvesting ◽  
Quantum Correlations ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Quantum Evolution ◽  
Light Harvesting Complexes ◽  
Transport Efficiency ◽  
Photovoltaic Materials ◽  
Photosynthetic Complexes

Transport phenomena in photosynthetic systems have attracted a great deal of attention due to their potential role in devising novel photovoltaic materials. In particular, energy transport in light-harvesting complexes is considered quite efficient due to the balance between coherent quantum evolution and decoherence, a phenomenon coined Environment-Assisted Quantum Transport (ENAQT). Although this effect has been extensively studied, its behavior is typically described in terms of the decoherence’s strength, namely weak, moderate or strong. Here, we study the ENAQT in terms of quantum correlations that go beyond entanglement. Using a subsystem of the Fenna–Matthews–Olson complex, we find that discord-like correlations maximize when the subsystem’s transport efficiency increases, while the entanglement between sites vanishes. Our results suggest that quantum discord is a manifestation of the ENAQT and highlight the importance of beyond-entanglement correlations in photosynthetic energy transport processes.

scholarly journals Room escape at class: Escape games activities to facilitate the motivation and learning in computer science

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Borrego ◽  
Cristina Fernández ◽  
Ian Blanes ◽  
Sergi Robles
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Computer Engineering ◽  
Engineering School ◽  
Engineering Degree ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Motivation And Learning

Real-life room-escape games are ludic activities in which participants enter a room in order to get out of it only after solving some riddles. In this paper, we explain a Room Escape teaching experience developed in the Engineering School at Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. The goal of this activity is to increase student’s motivation and to improve their learning on two courses of the second year in the Computer Engineering degree: Computer Networksand Information and Security.

scholarly journals Computational Completeness of Interaction Machines and Turing Machines

10.29007/39jj ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Wegner ◽  
Eugene Eberbach ◽  
Mark Burgin
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Complete Theory ◽  
Simple Computation ◽  
Turing Machines ◽  
Complete Model ◽  
Models Of Computation ◽  
Computational Completeness ◽  
Definition Of

In the paper we prove in a new and simple way that Interactionmachines are more powerful than Turing machines. To do thatwe extend the definition of Interaction machines to multiple interactivecomponents, where each component may perform simple computation.The emerging expressiveness is due to the power of interaction and allowsto accept languages not accepted by Turing machines. The mainresult that Interaction machines can accept arbitrary languages over agiven alphabet sheds a new light to the power of interaction. Despite ofthat we do not claim that Interaction machines are complete. We claimthat a complete theory of computer science cannot exist and especially,Turing machines or Interaction machines cannot be a complete model ofcomputation. However complete models of computation may and shouldbe approximated indefinitely and our contribution presents one of suchattempts.

Object-Oriented Programming in Computer Science

2018 ◽  
pp. 7470-7480
Author(s):  
Rahime Yilmaz ◽  
Anil Sezgin ◽  
Sefer Kurnaz ◽  
Yunus Ziya Arslan
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Electronic Circuit ◽  
Object Oriented ◽  
Computer Programs ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Object Oriented Programming ◽  
Computer Hardware ◽  
Programming System ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Application Programming

A program is composed of commands, which runs within a computer or an electronic circuit. Programming is a mathematical methodology to write a program and to encode the algorithm into a notation. It can be classified into two groups such as system and application programming. System programming is a branch of the general programming that is composed of low level instructions which are used to operate and handle computer hardware. Application programming is considered as the improved version of the computer programs which can perform specific tasks. One of the application programming types is the object-oriented programming (OOP) which is about how information is represented in human mind. OOP is useful to provide easy modeling in design and developing real entities. This approach is aimed to model the entities and the relationships existing between them. OOP enables to define the required classes to create the objects and to apply modifications on them. The inherent properties of OOP are modularity, extensibility and reusability. This chapter provides a substantial survey of OOP.

Digital Image Metamorphosis as a Research Tool for Paleontology

1994 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 341-346
Author(s):  
Jody R. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Computer Graphics ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Software Design ◽  
Computer Hardware ◽  
Complex Data ◽  
Electronic Technology ◽  
Computer Interfaces ◽  
Human Computer Interfaces ◽  
Visualization Tools ◽  
Made In

This is an exciting era to be a scientist, due to the increasing levels of technology available to us; particularly due to the advances that have been made in the field of computer science. Advances in electronic technology have made computer hardware very powerful and affordable, while advances in software design and human/computer interfaces have made computers more natural to use. Computers have been utilized in nearly every field of scientific study, permitting new levels of development in those fields that wouldn't be possible otherwise. Computer graphics are useful visualization tools that help scientists understand complex data, and convey ideas to others.

Multi-Disciplinary, Scientific, Gender Research

2011 ◽  
pp. 907-913
Author(s):  
Antonio M. Lopez Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Computer Engineering ◽  
College Matriculation ◽  
First Year College ◽  
Computer Information Systems ◽  
Guiding Principles ◽  
Research In Education ◽  
Gender Based

Many phenomena of interest in education research are results of voluntary human action: whether a first-year college student elects to pursue a degree in information technology or not, whether the pursuit is in computer science vs. computer engineering, and whether the student will persist in a discipline throughout her or his college matriculation or change disciplines after a year or two. Although the human action is observable and can be tracked, the reasons an election is made and when it is made are not easily modeled. This article describes the design of a multidisciplinary, scientific study of gender-based differences, and ethnic and cultural models in the computing disciplines. The term computing disciplines is a collective one subsuming for ease of discussion the various disciplines that have evolved from the mid 20th century through the present 21st century, for example, computer engineering, computer science, computer information systems, information science, information technology, telecommunication systems management, and so forth. The researchers and study advisors formed a multidisciplinary team that is investigating in a scientific way the psychological, social, and educational rigidities that might exist between computing disciplines, and in so doing is developing different predictive models for women and ethnically underrepresented groups, in particular, African Americans. The article highlights recognized guiding principles for conducting scientific research in education and explains how the guiding principles have been implemented thus far in the study.

Gender in Computer Science

2011 ◽  
pp. 615-621
Author(s):  
Colette Wanless-Sobel
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Programming Languages ◽  
Gender Equity ◽  
Women Professionals ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Analysis Of Algorithms ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Computer Hardware ◽  
Programming Software ◽  
E Mail

Computer science (CS) is defined in wikipedia as a branch of human knowledge “relating to computation, ranging from abstract analysis of algorithms and formal grammars, to subjects like programming languages, software, and computer hardware” (Computer Science, 2005). Computer science emerged as a distinct field in the 1940s and 1950s with the development of the first electronic digital computers. To limit computer science to just computer use or its knowledge bodies, however, is reductive; CS is embedded in a complex, unquantifiable cultural context, including socio-economic and gendering practice. Computer hardware and software are designed to complement and supplement human activity and processes such as warfare, industrial applications, information management, including education, the Internet, a knowledge commons, and most recently biotechnology. Although CS is typically considered neutral and scientific, its episteme and practice is androcentric or male centered, often to the exclusion of females (Herbst, 2002). Female attributes have not typically been associated with computer science or computers. Although there is general agreement that women are as intellectually capable as men in CS, the fact remains that women today do not have equal participation in CS majors, CS engineering, programming, software design, Web site construction, or computer repair. (Jepson & Perl, 2002). In the technetronic 21st century, when computers are becoming standard for education and in symbolic analytic jobs, women’s enrollment in CS has declined, and many women do not feel confident using computers for more than e-mail transmissions, e-commerce, and social interaction in forums or newsgroups. Women who do not have knowledge or confidence in their abilities to work in CS not only have unrealized potentials in CS but also are left out of employment activities. Reasons for gendering in CS are complex and debated. Socialization, overt and tacit discrimination, and epistemological plurality are three dominant explanations. CS industries, educators, cognitive scientists, parents, and women professionals in CS are some of the groups currently working to attain gender equity in CS.

scholarly journals IL CONTRIBUTO DEL POLITECNICO ALLO SVILUPPO DELL’INFORMATICA

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Ghezzi
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Information Society ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second World

The history of Computer Science and Engineering (Informatics) began internationally after the Second World War. In the last decade of the twentieth century it bacame one of the disciplines with highest impact on economy, industry, and society. The development of Informatics at Politecnico started when the first computer was brought to Italy from the USA by Prof. Luigi Dadda and the first experiments and investigations were launched. Since then Informatics has been continuously growing until today it became the engine of modern society, often called the Information Society. This paper reports on the main developments of Informatics at Politecnico and the main contributions achieved nationally and internationally in education and research.

Building a Conceptual Computer

1972 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
Frederick H. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Student Participation ◽  
Computer Hardware ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
History Of ◽  
Computer Facility

Providing students with an introduction to the rapidly expanding field of computer science can be somewhat of a problem for the majority of teacher who do not have easy access to a computer facility. The seemingly inherent facination that computers hold for many children can be subverted if a teacher's first lesson about computers does not provide proper motivation for students. Lengthly discussions of the history of computers, binary and hexadecimal arithmetic, computer hardware, and computer progmmming can best be presented after the stage has been set by an initial informative and motivational lesson providing opportunity for student participation.

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