Fingerprinting of volatile organic compounds for quick assessment of vigour status of seeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Umarani ◽  
M. Bhaskaran ◽  
C. Vanitha ◽  
M. Tilak
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Organic Substances ◽  
Seed Deterioration ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Quick Assessment ◽  
Storage Reserves

AbstractSeed is a fertilized mature ovule, which possesses an embryonic plant. When the dry, mature seeds are subjected to imbibition, they release a wide range of organic substances, which include low molecular weight carbonyl compounds (gases and volatiles) and water-soluble organic substances (enzymes and polysaccharides). The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are molecules of low molecular weight (300 g mol−1) and high vapour pressure (0.01 kPa at 20°C) and include diverse chemical compounds. The nature and emission kinetics of volatiles produced from seeds vary, depending on the moisture content of the seeds. Orthodox seeds stored at ‘low seed moisture content’ undergo seed deterioration, predominantly due to lipid peroxidation, initiated by autoxidation or enzymatic oxidation of unsaturated or polyunsaturated fatty acids. This peroxidation leads to emission of volatile compounds. The quantity of VOCs emitted is positively correlated with the advancement of seed deterioration. With respect to the seed germination process, exposure of seeds to ‘high moisture conditions’ leads to increased respiration, triggers glycolysis and mobilization of storage reserves, resulting in the emission of volatile metabolic products. The quantity of VOCs emitted on commencement of metabolic activity in germinating seeds depends on (1) vigour status and (2) amount of storage reserves. Since it has been established that there is a significant difference between high and low vigour seeds with respect to quantity and profile of VOCs emitted, there is great potential for utilizing the VOC profile to obtain a quick and reproducible test of vigour status of crop seeds. In order to harness the VOC profile for quick assessment of vigour status of seeds, research has to be taken up to develop standard protocols for fingerprinting of VOCs for the purpose of seed vigour assessment and to fix the standard volatile biomarker(s) specific to crop and vigour status of seeds.

Potassium fluoride as a selective moisture trapping agent for SPE-TD-GC-FID determination of volatile organic compounds in air

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 458-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Rodinkov ◽  
G. A. Zhuravlyova ◽  
E. A. Vaskova ◽  
I. A. Platonov
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Potassium Fluoride ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Moist Air ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Trapping Agent ◽  
Adsorption Concentration

Anhydrous potassium fluoride has been proposed as a novel selective moisture trapping agent for gas chromatography to remove water vapor during adsorption concentration of low molecular weight volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from moist air.

scholarly journals Volatile and Non-Volatile Organic Compounds Stimulate Oviposition by Aphidophagous Predators

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 683
Author(s):  
Eric W. Riddick
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Oviposition Stimulants ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Production Ratio ◽  
Volatile Organic

Introduction: Evidence that volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and non-VOCs stimulate oviposition by aphidophagous predators is scattered throughout the literature. The objectives of this review are to (1) compile records indicating that VOCs and non-VOCs are responsible for oviposition stimulation, (2) calculate an egg production ratio (EPR) for stimulated predators, and (3) determine if EPR is correlated with vapor pressure and molecular weight of active compounds. Methods: The USDA (United States Department of Agriculture), National Agricultural Library, online digital catalog system was used to retrieve abstracts, then the full text of manuscripts on oviposition stimulants for predators. Oviposition-stimulating VOCs and non-VOCS were tabulated with molecular weights and vapor pressure estimates. EPRs were calculated for stimulated coccinellids, syrphids, and chrysopids. Results: Both VOCs and non-VOCs stimulated oviposition behavior by coccinellids and syrphids, but not chrysopids. EPR was greatest for syrphids. Two VOCs, (E)-β-farnesene and 3-methyl-2-butenal, stimulated very high EPR values by the syrphid Episyrphusbalteatus. Regardless of predator taxa, EPR was negatively and positively correlated with molecular weight and vapor pressure, respectively. Conclusions: Syrphids (rather than coccinellids or chrysopids) produce more eggs in response to VOCs. Organic compounds with low-to-moderate molecular weights and moderate-to-high vapor pressures might be most effective oviposition stimulants for aphidophagous predators.

scholarly journals Identification and analysis of odor-active compounds from Choerospondias axillaris (Roxb.) Burtt et Hill with different moisture content levels and lacquer treatments

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qifan Wang ◽  
Jun Shen ◽  
Bin Zeng ◽  
Huiyu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Waterborne Coating ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Antiseptic Solution ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Total Volatile Organic Compounds

Abstract The problem of indoor odors can greatly affect a room’s occupants. To identify odorants and comprehensively evaluate emissions from wooden materials, emissions and odors from Choerospondias axillaris (Roxb.) Burtt et Hill with different moisture content percentages and lacquer treatments were investigated in this study. Thermal desorption–gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy/olfactometry was used to analyze the release characteristics. In total, 11 key odor-active compounds were identified as moisture content gradually decreased, concentrating between 15 and 33 min. Total volatile organic compounds, total very volatile organic compounds, and total odor intensity decreased as moisture content decreased. In addition, 35 odor-active compounds, including aromatics, alkenes, aldehydes, esters, and alcohols, were identified in the odor control list. Polyurethane (PU), ultraviolet (UV), and waterborne coatings had a good inhibitory effect on eight odor characteristics, but some scents arose after lacquer treatment. For equilibrium moisture content, the major characteristics of Choerospondias axillaris were fragrant (9.4) and mint-like (3.0) compared with the fragrant (8.2), fruity (7.8), and pleasant (5.8) characteristics of PU coating; the flowery (5.9), fragrant (5.0), glue-like (4.3), and pineapple-like (4.3) characteristics of UV coating; and the antiseptic solution (3.6), fragrant (2.9), cigarette-like (2.8), and fruity (2.5) characteristics of waterborne coating. Based on multicomponent evaluation, a Choerospondias axillaris board with waterborne coating was suggested for use indoors.

scholarly journals BIOLOGICAL PURIFICATION OF AIR POLLUTED WITH VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS BY USING ACTIVE SLUDGE RECIRCULATION

2004 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aušra Zigmontienë ◽  
Pranas Baltrënas
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Substance ◽  
Air Purification ◽  
Organic Substances ◽  
Sorptive Capacity ◽  
Active Sludge ◽  
Biological Purification ◽  
Purification Efficiency ◽  
Volatile Organic

Various methods for removal of volatile organic compounds (VOC) from the air are applied in the world. Their selection is determined by the efficiency and costs of the method. Biofiltration is a new technology to control environmental pollutants helping to regulate emissions of VOC with unpleasant odours in to the air and working environment. When VOC are to be removed from large volumes of air, equipment of biological purification charged with active sludge is used. Such an equipment has a rather simple structure and efficiency of to 98–99 %. Active sludge as a biocharge has both a high concentration of microorganisms compared to stationary charges and good sorption features. Sorptive capacity changes when a load to active sludge is changed, and this has a negative impact on biochemical decomposition of organic substances and, at the same time, on purification efficiency. Calculation and evaluation of an optimal working mode of the equipment enable to avoid desorption of VOC in the system or to diminish it to a minimal value. In the biological air‐purification equipment sorption of an organic substance on the surface of active sludge is running at the initial stage. An organic substance is decomposed biologically only in the second stage, and oxygen dissolved in the system (in the charge) is used and VOC desorption from the system is blocked. One of the main parameters determining the biological air‐purification process and its intensity is change of the concentration of oxygen dissolved (CDO) in water phase and maintenance of its minimal value after termination of aeration (when the equipment is out of operation for some time). In operating equipment with a biocharge one more important problem is encountered ‐ the lifetime of the charge and its renewal in the equipment to maintain required concentration of the active sludge. The goal of the investigation is evaluation of purification efficiency of the equipment and the sorptive capacity of active sludge (depending on a load), selection of the working mode, uninterrupted biochemical decomposition of organic substances (based on the concentration of dissolved oxygen) when the charge is in its still state, and investigation of its biooxidating properties when a biofilter works with a biologically active charge and with an inactive charge having only sorptive properties.

Species of Volatile Organic Compounds from Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant

2011 ◽  
Vol 183-185 ◽  
pp. 1057-1060
Author(s):  
Li Kun Huang ◽  
Guang Zhi Wang ◽  
Jin Long Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Volatile Organic

In order to investigate the characteristic of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), the air and water samples were collected. The air samples were extracted and identified by GC/MS. The atmospheric VOCs species from all WWTP units were tested. It was shown that the main fugitive sources were primary clarifier and the room of sludge dewatering. The numbers were 33 and 30. The total species of VOCs emitted varied with a range of 16 to 33. The relationship between VOCs species and the change of water quality were discussed. The increasing of VOCs species was related with the higher SUVA, and the molecular weight of VOCs species in air sample gradually become lower along the wastewater treatment process. In the wastewater treatment process，the function of microbe did not contribute the whole effort on the removing of organic pollutants. VOCs volatilized from water phase could also reduce organic pollutants in water phase. In the whole WWTP, the main VOCs species were alkyl with small molecular weight, aromatic hydrocarbon material and naphthalene. Halogenated hydrocarbon was detected in primary treatment unit and anoxic tank.

Study on Reducing the Volatile Organic Compounds Emissions from Different Processing Particleboards

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 1101-1105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi Jing Sun ◽  
Jun Shen
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Resin Content ◽  
Board Density ◽  
Pressing Time ◽  
Volatile Organic

The aim of this paper is to study on how to control VOC emissions from wood-based panel manufacturing. Total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) emissions from larch particleboard under different processing conditions were collected by an environmental chamber. VOC samples were prepared by desiccator, adsorbed by activated carbon, desorpted with Methylene dichloride and measured by GC/MS. The result showed that the optimal process parameters were single-layer structure, moisture content of 6%, density of 0.60 g•cm-3, thickness of 8mm, resin content of 7%, hot-pressing time of 4min.TVOC increased with board density going up，hot-pressing time increasing, moisture content and resin content rising. The predominant compounds emissions from the particleboards are aromatic compound and hydrocarbon. 24 kinds of compounds were identified from the standard board. With hydrocarbon decreasing, aromatic VOC type increased.

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