Hypertension and Cognition

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (S1) ◽  
pp. 139-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingmar Skoog
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
Cardiovascular Disorders ◽  
Biological Mechanisms ◽  
Dementia Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Dementia Onset

Hypertension is a risk factor for stroke, ischemic white-matter lesions, cardiovascular disorders, and vascular dementia. This risk increases with increasing blood pressure. Several studies report that high blood pressure precedes Alzheimer's disease (AD) by decades, but blood pressure decreases the years before dementia onset and is lower in individuals with AD than in controls. High blood pressure has also been related to the neuropathological manifestations of AD. The exact mechanism behind these associations is not clear. Hypertension may cause cerebrovascular disease that may increase the likelihood that individuals with AD encephalopathy will express a dementia syndrome, this may accelerate the AD process, subclinical AD may lead to increased blood pressure, and similar biological mechanisms may be involved in the pathogenesis of both disorders. Hypertension is a common disorder and often untreated. Even if hypertension results only in a moderately increased risk of AD, or overall dementia, better treatment of hypertension may have an immense effect on the total number of individuals with dementia.

Healthwise, Part 4. Hypertension: how to treat it and how to reduce its risks

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 484-490
Author(s):  
Linda Nazarko
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Long Term Conditions ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension

The number of adults with high blood pressure, hypertension, is increasing globally and nationally. Hypertension increases the risk of an individual developing life-changing, long-term conditions. This article, the fourth in a series, explores the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension and the consequences of unmanaged hypertension. It explains how readers can remain healthy and well by reducing the risks of hypertension and managing it well.

Abstract P058: Elevated Systolic Blood Pressure is Associated with Mortality in Faster, but Not Slower Walking Elderly Adults

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle C Odden ◽  
Carmen A Peralta ◽  
Mary N Haan ◽  
Kenneth E Covinsky
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
At Risk ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
P Value ◽  
Elderly Adults ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Increased Risk

Introduction: The association between high blood pressure (BP) and risk of death varies by age and appears to be attenuated in some elderly adults. Walking speed is an excellent measure of functional status and may identify which elders may be most at risk for the adverse consequences of hypertension. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that elevated BP would be associated with greater risk of mortality in faster walkers, but not in slower walkers. Methods: The study population included 2,340 persons ≥ 65 years, with measured BP, in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) waves 1999-2000 and 2001-2002. Mortality data was linked to death certificate data in the National Death Index. Walking speed was measured over a 20-foot walk; 243 (8%) did not complete the walk for various safety and logistical reasons. Participants with walking speed above the mean (2.7 ft/sec) were classified as faster walkers. Potential confouders included age, sex, race, survey year, lifestyle and physiologic factors, chronic health conditions, and antihypertensive use. Results: There were 589 deaths recorded through December 31 st , 2006. Among faster walkers, those with elevated systolic BP (≥140 mmHg) had a higher mortality rate compared to those with systolic BP <140 mmHg (236 vs. 161 per 100,000 person-years). Among slower walkers, mortality rates did not appear to differ by the presence of elevated systolic BP (586 vs. 563 per 100,000 person-years). This pattern remained after multivariable adjustment; there was an association between elevated systolic BP and mortality in faster, but not slower walkers (Table). Elevated diastolic BP was not independently associated with an increased risk of mortality. Conclusions: If confirmed in other studies, walking speed could be a simple measure to identify elderly adults who are most at risk for poor outcomes related to high blood pressure. Table Association of elevated blood pressure and mortality, stratified by walking speed Hazard Ratio (HR) of Death Faster Walking Speed >2.7 ft/sec (n = 1,279) Slower Walking Speed ≤ 2.7 ft/sec (n = 818) p-value for interaction HR (95% CI) p-value HR (95% CI) p-value Elevated Systolic BP (≥140 mmHg) 1.44 (1.04, 1.99) 0.03 1.08 (0.82, 1.42) 0.56 0.11 Elevated Diastolic BP (≥90 mmHg) 1.09 (0.52, 2.27) 0.82 0.65 (0.30, 1.45) 0.28 0.28 Funding (This research has received full or partial funding support from the American Heart Association, Western States Affiliate (California, Nevada&Utah))

scholarly journals Rates of Chronic Medical Conditions in 1991 Gulf War Veterans Compared to the General Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Zundel ◽  
Maxine Krengel ◽  
Timothy Heeren ◽  
Megan Yee ◽  
Claudia Grasso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
General Population ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Chronic Medical Conditions ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Gulf War Veterans ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
The Difference

Prevalence of nine chronic medical conditions in the population-based Ft. Devens Cohort (FDC) of GW veterans were compared with the population-based 2013–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cohort. Excess prevalence was calculated as the difference in prevalence estimates from the Ft. Devens and NHANES cohorts; and confidence intervals and p-values are based on the standard errors for the two prevalence estimates. FDC males were at increased risk for reporting seven chronic medical conditions compared with NHANES males. FDC females were at decreased risk for high blood pressure and increased risk for diabetes when compared with NHANES females. FDC veterans reporting war-related chemical weapons exposure showed higher risk of high blood pressure; diabetes; arthritis and chronic bronchitis while those reporting taking anti-nerve gas pills had increased risk of heart attack and diabetes. GW veterans are at higher risk of chronic conditions than the general population and these risks are associated with self-reported toxicant exposures.

Risk of Stillbirth in Women with Gestational Diabetes and High Blood Pressure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Reza TABATABAEE ◽  
Atefeh ZAHEDI ◽  
Koorosh ETEMAD ◽  
Tannaz VALADBEIG ◽  
Sepideh MAHDAVI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Quality Healthcare ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Both Gestational diabetes and hypertension almost affect 10.5% of the pregnancies. This study was conducted to investigate and compare the pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes or high blood pressure with outcomes belonging to healthy mothers. Methods: This population-based case-control study was conducted in 8 provinces and two cities of Iran on women referred to the public health centers during 2015 to 2018. Descriptive statistics for variables presented by percentages and frequencies and logistic regression analysis was used to analyze data at a significance level of less than 0.05. Results: Some variables such as ethnicity, maternal education and age, gestational diabetes, high blood pressure and previous pregnancy outcome were significantly associated with stillbirth. Maternal age greater than 35 yr (OR=1.78, CI: 1.29-2.48), maternal illiteracy (OR=3.67, CI: 2.25-5.98), a previous stillbirth (OR=9.92, CI: 4.98-19.78), gestational diabetes among women who had never had a screening test (OR =3.91, CI: 2.96-5.18) and high blood pressure (OR =1.95, CI: 1.38-2.77) were important factors associated with stillbirth. Maternal and paternal occupation, paternal education and age, place of residence, smoking and maternal BMI were significantly associated with stillbirth. Conclusion: Gestational diabetes, hypertension, a previous miscarriage, stillbirth, first pregnancy, low education level, advanced maternal age and ethnicity were associated with an increased risk of stillbirth. It is necessary to provide high-quality healthcare services before and during pregnancy particularly for those at heightened risk and improve knowledge of mothers on the side effects of each of the mentioned risk factors in order to control these factors more effectively and thus reducing the risk of stillbirth.

scholarly journals Natural bioactive substances in milk and colostrum: effects on the arterial blood pressure system

2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (S1) ◽  
pp. 119-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan M. Groziak ◽  
G. D. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Milk Proteins ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Reduce Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Lowering Effect ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Pressure System ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Increased Risk

High blood pressure is a significant public health problem worldwide which is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, and renal disease. The development of this disease is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. The results of many studies have linked increased consumption of milk and milk products with lower blood pressure and reduced risk of hypertension. The intake of several minerals found in milk has been demonstrated to have an inverse relationship with blood pressure. Peptides formed during the digestion of milk proteins have also been demonstrated to have a blood pressure lowering effect. Other components in milk that have been examined for their effects on blood pressure have been less promising. More recent data indicate that a dietary pattern that is low in fat, with fruits, vegetables, and low fat dairy products can significantly reduce blood pressure and lower risk of developing high blood pressure.

scholarly journals Prevalence of and factors associated with self-reported high blood pressure in Brazilian adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (suppl 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Carvalho Malta ◽  
Regina Tomie Ivata Bernal ◽  
Silvânia Suely Caribé de Araújo Andrade ◽  
Marta Maria Alves da Silva ◽  
Gustavo Velasquez-Melendez
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Brazilian State ◽  
Increased Risk

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze factors associated with self-reported high blood pressure among adults in Brazilian state capitals. METHODS The study uses data from Sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico (Vigitel – Surveillance System of Risk and Protection Factors of Noncommunicable Diseases by Telephone Survey) collected in 2013. Prevalence rates and their respective 95% confidence intervals by gender were estimated according to sociodemographic variables, lifestyle, reported noncommunicable diseases and self-rated health status. Multivariate logistic regression modeling was used to identify variables associated with self-reported high blood pressure with α < 0.05. RESULTS Prevalence of self-reported high blood pressure among adults living in Brazilian state capitals and the Federal District was 24.1%. The following variables were associated with self-reported high blood pressure: age group, taking 18-24 as reference (all age groups presented increased risk – from 25-34 years [OR = 2.6; 95%CI 2.0–3.4] up to 65 years or more [OR = 28.1; 95%CI 21.7–36.4]); low education level (9 to 11 years of study [OR = 0.8; 95%CI 0.7–0.9] and 12 years or more [OR = 0.6; 95%CI 0.6–0.7]); Black race or skin color (OR = 1.3; 95%CI 1.1–1.5); being a former smoker (OR = 1.2; 95%CI 1.1–1.3); obesity (OR = 2.7; 95%CI 2.4–3.0); diabetes (OR = 2.9; 95%CI 2.5–3.5%), and high cholesterol (OR = 1.9; 95%CI 1.8–2.2). CONCLUSIONS Approximately one quarter of the adult population living in Brazilian state capitals reported having high blood pressure. Information from Vigitel is useful to monitor high blood pressure and identity its associated factors, supporting public policies for health promotion, surveillance and care.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document