Validity of a novel computerized screening test system for mild cognitive impairment

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1455-1463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Hyuck Park ◽  
Minye Jung ◽  
Jongbae Kim ◽  
Hae Yean Park ◽  
Jung-Ran Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Test System ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Healthy Elderly

ABSTRACTBackground:The mobile screening test system for screening mild cognitive impairment (mSTS-MCI) was developed for clinical use. However, the clinical usefulness of mSTS-MCI to detect elderly with MCI from those who are cognitively healthy has yet to be validated. Moreover, the comparability between this system and traditional screening tests for MCI has not been evaluated.Objective:The purpose of this study was to examine the validity and reliability of the mSTS-MCI and confirm the cut-off scores to detect MCI.Method:The data were collected from 107 healthy elderly people and 74 elderly people with MCI. Concurrent validity was examined using the Korean version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-K) as a gold standard test, and test–retest reliability was investigated using 30 of the study participants at four-week intervals. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value (NPV) were confirmed through Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis, and the cut-off scores for elderly people with MCI were identified.Results:Concurrent validity showed statistically significant correlations between the mSTS-MCI and MoCA-K and test–rests reliability indicated high correlation. As a result of screening predictability, the mSTS-MCI had a higher NPV than the MoCA-K.Conclusions:The mSTS-MCI was identified as a system with a high degree of validity and reliability. In addition, the mSTS-MCI showed high screening predictability, indicating it can be used in the clinical field as a screening test system for mild cognitive impairment.

Comparison of the Mini-Mental State Examination and Computerized Brief Cognitive Screening Test as Cognitive Screening Tools in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Che-Sheng Chu ◽  
I-Chen Lee ◽  
Chuan-Cheng Hung ◽  
I-Ching Lee ◽  
Chi-Fa Hung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
State Examination

Background: The aim of this study was to establish the validity and reliability of the Computerized Brief Cognitive Screening Test (CBCog) for early detection of cognitive impairment. Method: One hundred and sixty participants, including community-dwelling and out-patient volunteers (both men and women) aged ≥ 65 years, were enrolled in the study. All participants were screened using the CBCog and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). The internal consistency of the CBCog was analyzed using Cronbach’s α test. Areas under the curves (AUCs) of receiver operating characteristic analyses were used to test the predictive accuracy of the CBCog in detecting mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in order to set an appropriate cutoff point. Results: The CBCog scores were positively correlated with the MMSE scores of patients with MCI-related dementia (r = 0.678, P < .001). The internal consistency of the CBCog (Cronbach’s α) was 0.706. It was found that the CBCog with a cutoff point of 19/20 had a sensitivity of 97.5% and a specificity of 53.7% for the diagnosis of MCI with education level ≥ 6 years. The AUC of the CBCog for discriminating the normal control elderly from patients with MCI (AUC = 0.827, P < 0.001) was larger than that of the MMSE for discriminating the normal control elderly from patients with MCI (AUC= 0.819, P < .001). Conclusion: The CBCog demonstrated to have sufficient validity and reliability to evaluate mild cognitive impairment, especially in highly educated elderly people.

Effects of commonly prescribed drugs on cognition and mild cognitive impairment in healthy elderly people

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 965-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teodoro del Ser ◽  
María-Ascensión Zea ◽  
Meritxell Valentí ◽  
Javier Olazarán ◽  
Jorge López-Álvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Longitudinal Analyses ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Healthy Elderly

Background:Chronic drug intake has been associated with negative and positive cognitive effects in elderly people, although subjacent conditions may be confounding factors.Aim:To study the effects on cognitive performance of commonly prescribed medications in a cohort of cognitively normal older adults.Methods:Medication intake was recorded during two years in 1087 individuals 70–85 years old, without neurological or psychiatric conditions. The influence of every drug, drug family and therapeutic group on six cognitive scores and on the conversion to mild cognitive impairment over two years was ascertained by cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses controlling for demographic and clinical variables.Results:Small effects of several drugs on information processing were found in cross-sectional analyses but only confirmed for a positive effect of vitamin D in case–control analyses. Longitudinal analyses showed no drug effects on the cognitive slopes. Several hypotensive drugs reduced, whereas bromazepam and glucose lowering drugs increased, the conversion rate to mild cognitive impairment with very small effects ( R2=0.3–1%).Conclusions:Cognitively healthy elderly individuals show minimal negative effects on information processing associated with chronic intake of some drugs probably related to the subjacent condition. Some drugs slightly affect the rate of conversion to mild cognitive impairment. Positive effects of vitamin D, chondroitin, atorvastatin and antihypertensive drugs, and negative effects of antidepressants and benzodiazepines, should be further explored in studies with longer follow-up.

Feature Extraction of Mild Cognitive Impairment Using a Dual-Task of Drawing and Counting Test

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 874-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuya Fujiwara ◽  
◽  
Hidenori Kano ◽  
Kazutaka Mitobe
Keyword(s):  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Time Required

From the perspective of preventive care, a monitoring function that detects a decline in cognitive function would be useful as an information and communications technology (ICT) based service for watching over elderly people. We developed a system that evaluates cognitive functioning by simultaneously measuring dual tasks using a tablet computer. The tasks comprised a spiral drawing task and a color change counting task. The objective of this research is feature extraction of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) using this system. To do so, we compared the results of dual task tests for three participant groups: elderly people with suspected MCI, healthy elderly people, and healthy young people. The analyses were based on the amount of time required for drawing each section and the drawing velocity. The results indicate a significant difference between the MCI elders and the other two groups regarding the amount of time required for drawing the section close to the center of the spiral if the difficulty of the test’s sub-task is adjusted.

scholarly journals Machine-Learning Algorithms Based on Screening Tests for Mild Cognitive Impairment

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 153331752092716
Author(s):  
Jin-Hyuck Park
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Test Data ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Test System ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Data Set

Background: The mobile screening test system for mild cognitive impairment (mSTS-MCI) was developed and validated to address the low sensitivity and specificity of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) widely used clinically. Objective: This study was to evaluate the efficacy machine learning algorithms based on the mSTS-MCI and Korean version of MoCA. Method: In total, 103 healthy individuals and 74 patients with MCI were randomly divided into training and test data sets, respectively. The algorithm using TensorFlow was trained based on the training data set, and then its accuracy was calculated based on the test data set. The cost was calculated via logistic regression in this case. Result: Predictive power of the algorithms was higher than those of the original tests. In particular, the algorithm based on the mSTS-MCI showed the highest positive-predictive value. Conclusion: The machine learning algorithms predicting MCI showed the comparable findings with the conventional screening tools.

scholarly journals The Mini-Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination (M-ACE) as a brief cognitive screening instrument in Mild Cognitive Impairment and mild Alzheimer’s disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 368-373
Author(s):  
Diane da Costa Miranda ◽  
Sonia Maria Dozzi Brucki ◽  
Mônica Sanches Yassuda
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Administration Time ◽  
Addenbrooke’S Cognitive Examination

ABSTRACT The Mini-Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination (M-ACE) is a brief cognitive screening test that evaluates four main cognitive domains (orientation, memory, language and visuospatial function) with a maximum score of 30 points and administration time of five minutes. Objective: To assess the performance of healthy elderly, MCI patients and mild AD patients using the Brazilian version of the M-ACE. Methods: The test was applied to a group of 36 Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), 23 mild Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and 25 cognitive healthy elderly. All participants were aged ≥60 years. Results: The M-ACE displayed high internal consistency (Cronbach alpha >0.8; 95% CI 0.7-0.8) and proved effective for differentiating the AD group from MCI and control groups, providing superior accuracy than the MMSE (the cut-off point of 20 points had the highest sensitivity and specificity – 95.6% and 90.16% respectively, with a high area under the curve – AUC=0.8; 95% CI 0.7-0.9). Performance on the M-ACE was strongly correlated with that of the MMSE and Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ). The M-ACE was not accurate in discriminating MCI from control subjects. Conclusion: The M-ACE is a brief screening test which provided high accuracy for diagnosing AD in this sample. The suggested cut-off point in this study was 20 points for AD.

scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of the Persian Montreal Cognitive Assessment in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer Disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
Vahid Rashedi ◽  
Mahshid Foroughan ◽  
Negin Chehrehnegar
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Montreal Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Cutoff Score ◽  
Persian Version

Introduction: The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a cognitive screening test widely used in clinical practice and suited for the detection of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). The aims were to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian MoCA as a screening test for mild cognitive dysfunction in Iranian older adults and to assess its accuracy as a screening test for MCI and mild Alzheimer disease (AD). Method: One hundred twenty elderly with a mean age of 73.52 ± 7.46 years participated in this study. Twenty-one subjects had mild AD (MMSE score ≤21), 40 had MCI, and 59 were cognitively healthy controls. All the participants were administered the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) to evaluate their general cognitive status. Also, a battery of comprehensive neuropsychological assessments was administered. Results: The mean score on the Persian version of the MoCA and the MMSE were 19.32 and 25.62 for MCI and 13.71 and 22.14 for AD patients, respectively. Using an optimal cutoff score of 22 the MoCA test detected 86% of MCI subjects, whereas the MMSE with a cutoff score of 26 detected 72% of MCI subjects. In AD patients with a cutoff score of 20, the MoCA had a sensitivity of 94% whereas the MMSE detected 61%. The specificity of the MoCA was 70% and 90% for MCI and AD, respectively. Discussion: The results of this study show that the Persian version of the MoCA is a reliable screening tool for detection of MCI and early stage AD. The MoCA is more sensitive than the MMSE in screening for cognitive impairment, proving it to be superior to MMSE in detecting MCI and mild AD.

scholarly journals A score based on screening tests to differentiate mild cognitive impairment from subjective memory complaints

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio Henrique De Gobbi Porto ◽  
Lívia Spíndola ◽  
Maira Okada De Oliveira ◽  
Patrícia Helena Figuerêdo Do Vale ◽  
Marco Orsini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Neuropsychological Testing ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Delayed Recall ◽  
Memory Complaints

It is not easy to differentiate patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from subjective memory complainers (SMC). Assessments with screening cognitive tools are essential, particularly in primary care where most patients are seen. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of screening cognitive tests and to propose a score derived from screening tests. Elderly subjects with memory complaints were evaluated using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Brief Cognitive Battery (BCB). We added two delayed recalls in the MMSE (a delayed recall and a late-delayed recall, LDR), and also a phonemic fluency test of letter P fluency (LPF). A score was created based on these tests. The diagnoses were made on the basis of clinical consensus and neuropsychological testing. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were used to determine area under the curve (AUC), the sensitivity and specificity for each test separately and for the final proposed score. MMSE, LDR, LPF and delayed recall of BCB scores reach statistically significant differences between groups (P=0.000, 0.03, 0.001 and 0.01, respectively). Sensitivity, specificity and AUC were MMSE: 64%, 79% and 0.75 (cut off &lt;29); LDR: 56%, 62% and 0.62 (cut off &lt;3); LPF: 71%, 71% and 0.71 (cut off &lt;14); delayed recall of BCB: 56%, 82% and 0.68 (cut off &lt;9). The proposed score reached a sensitivity of 88% and 76% and specificity of 62% and 75% for cut off over 1 and over 2, respectively. AUC were 0.81. In conclusion, a score created from screening tests is capable of discriminating MCI from SMC with moderate to good accurancy.

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