Focusing on positive outcomes in frailty research: development of a short well-being instrument for older adults (SWIO)

ABSTRACTObjective:Studies of frailty have tended to focus on adverse outcomes. This study aims to develop a short instrument that identifies a positive outcome, namely, the level of well-being in older adults at risk of frailty.Method:871 older adults (49.4% women; mean age 75.72 years; SD = 8.05) with a frailty risk profile participated in the first wave of the D-SCOPE study. The possible domains of well-being were identified using a bottom-up approach. Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM) and multidimensional Item Response Theory (IRT) analysis of 17 items in 4 domains measuring well-being was performed on a calibration sample (n = 435) to develop the instrument. The instrument was subsequently corroborated by confirmatory factor analysis and convergent/divergent relations with relevant external measures in a validation sample (n = 436).Results:The ESEM three-factor solution, with the subdimensions of sense of mastery, meaning in life, and life satisfaction, displayed good fit to the data (RMSEA = 0.070). For each dimension, the three best discriminating items were retained for the instrument following IRT analysis. Internal consistency of these dimensions was good in the validation sample (sense of mastery α = 0.864, meaning in life α = 0.715, and life satisfaction α = 0.782). The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) three-factor model also showed good fit to the data (RMSEA = 0.064). Small to large zero-order correlations with the external measures were as expected.Conclusions:Using a bottom-up approach, this study developed a short instrument to identify levels of well-being in vulnerable or frail older adults. The instrument can be applied in primary care and prevention programs.

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Altruistic Attitudes Among Older Adults: Examining Construct Validity and Measurement Invariance of a New Scale

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa060 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Tirth R Bhatta ◽

Eva Kahana ◽

Nirmala Lekhak ◽

Boaz Kahana ◽

Elizabeth Midlarsky

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Factor Analysis ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Construct Validity ◽

Measurement Invariance ◽

Well Being ◽

Partial Metric ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Nested Models ◽

Confirmatory Factor

Abstract Background and Objectives Scholarly research has established the role of altruism in facilitating human cooperation and prosocial behaviors and highlighted its contribution to psychological well-being. Given the health significance of altruistic attitudes and orientations, we developed a valid and reliable measure of this construct that is suitable for use with older adults. Research Design and Methods Based on data from a long-term panel study on adaptation to frailty among older adults (n = 366; mean age = 86 years), we used confirmatory factor analysis to perform construct validation of a five-item Elderly Care Research Center (ECRC) Altruism Scale among older adults (e.g., “Seeing others prosper makes me happy”). Moreover, we examined the invariance of the scale’s factor structure across time and gender using nested models. Results Composite reliability (coefficient omega = 0.78), factor loadings (>0.45 with eigenvalue = 2.84) from exploratory factor analysis, and model fit indices (e.g., comparative fit index = 0.999) from confirmatory factor analysis suggest a single factor, supporting a unidimensional reliable construct of altruistic orientation at baseline. The results provided support for configural, metric, and scalar invariance across time. Findings pertaining to measurement invariance across gender confirmed full configural invariance but only offered support for partial metric, scalar, and residual invariance at baseline. Strong correlations among the altruism scale, salient personality traits, psychological well-being, religiosity, and meaning in life help establish construct validity. Discussion and Implications The availability of a reliable and valid measure of altruistic attitudes enables a comprehensive evaluation of altruism’s influence on later-life health and well-being.

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The Mental Health Continuum–Short Form (MHC–SF) in the Argentinean context: Confirmatory factor analysis and measurement invariance

Europe’s Journal of Psychology ◽

10.5964/ejop.v13i1.1163 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 93-108 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

María Laura Lupano Perugini ◽

Guadalupe de la Iglesia ◽

Alejandro Castro Solano ◽

Corey Lee M. Keyes

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Factor Analysis ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Meaning In Life ◽

Short Form ◽

Well Being ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Three Dimensional Model ◽

Confirmatory Factor

The present research aimed at studying the psychometric properties of the Mental Health Continuum–Short Form (MHC–SF; Keyes, 2005) in a sample of 1,300 Argentinean adults (50% males; 50% females). Their mean age was 40.28 years old (SD = 13.59). The MHC–SF is a 14 item test that assesses three components (i.e., emotional, social, and psychological) of well-being. Convergent and divergent evidence of construct validity was assessed by conducting confirmatory factor analysis, cross-validation, factorial invariance, and correlations with external criteria. Internal consistency was studied using Cronbach’s alphas. Results indicated an adequate fit of a three-dimensional model. This structure was also confirmed, and was invariant throughout sex and age. The emotional well-being scores converged with life satisfaction and positive affect measures; the psychological well-being scale had a positive association with the presence of meaning in life; and the social well-being scores showed a positive and strong correlation with an external measure of well-being. Also, all scores were negatively associated with negative affect, search of meaning in life, and presence of depression symptoms. Internal consistency was .89 for the MHC–SF. Furthermore, the findings supported the two - continua model of mental health.

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Measurement Invariance of the Serbian Version of the Satisfaction With Life Scale Across Age, Gender, and Time

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759/a000410 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 555-563 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Veljko Jovanović

Keyword(s):

Life Satisfaction ◽

Factor Analysis ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Satisfaction With Life ◽

Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Life Scale ◽

Serbian Version ◽

Age Range ◽

Over Time

Abstract. The present research aimed at examining measurement invariance of the Serbian version of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) across age, gender, and time. A total sample in Study 1 consisted of 2,595 participants from Serbia, with a mean age of 23.79 years (age range: 14–55 years). The final sample in Study 2 included 333 Serbian undergraduate students ( Mage = 20.81; age range: 20–27 years), who completed the SWLS over periods of 6 and 18 months after the initial assessment. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported the modified unidimensional model of the SWLS, with correlated residuals of items 4 and 5 tapping past satisfaction. The results of the multigroup confirmatory factor analysis supported the full scalar invariance across gender and over time and partial scalar invariance across age. Latent mean comparisons revealed that women reported higher life satisfaction than men. Additionally, adolescents reported higher life satisfaction than students and adults, with adults showing the lowest life satisfaction. Our findings indicate that the SWLS allows meaningful comparisons in life satisfaction across age, gender, and over time.

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A Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Brief Sense of Community Scale for Spanish-Speaking Older Adults in Puerto Rico

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.356 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 108-108

Author(s):

Tommy Buckley ◽

Kyeongmo Kim ◽

Denise Burnette

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Factor Analysis ◽

Puerto Rico ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Sense Of Community ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Psychological Sense Of Community ◽

Spanish Speaking ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Psychological Sense

Abstract Psychological sense of community is a concept used to describe how individuals feel about their community. The Brief Sense of Community Scale (BSCS) is an 8-item scale that includes these four domains: membership, needs fulfillment, emotional connection, and influence. It has been used in various contexts and was validated with young adults in Puerto Rico. The purpose of this study was to validate the BSCS for use with Spanish-speaking older adults in Puerto Rico. We conducted face-to-face interviews with a non-probability sample of 154 community- dwelling adults aged 60+ in Puerto Rico. BSCS is comprised of a 5-point likert-type scale with score values ranging from 0 (strongly agree) to 4 (strongly disagree) (total score range 0-32, mean= 24.75, SD= 6.04), and it showed good reliability in our sample (a=.85) and acceptable subscale reliability (membership, a=.85; needs fulfillment, a=.85; influence, a=.66; and emotional connection, a=.69). Five competing factor structures were tested based on prior research using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The CFA indicated that a four factor structure from the original scale was the best fit (χ² (16) =25.9; p=.06; RMSEA=.06; CFI=.98; TLI=.97; SRMR=.04). The BSCS showed significant correlations in the expected direction with quality of life (r=.41), social isolation (r=.34), loneliness (r=.27) and self-rated health (r=.17). We conclude that the BSCS is a valid and reliable scale for measuring psychological sense of community with community-dwelling Spanish-speaking older adults in Puerto Rico. Future research should confirm and extend our findings with other Spanish-speaking older adult populations.

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Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis of the life attitude profile in Chilean adolescents

Current Psychology ◽

10.1007/s12144-020-01266-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Patricia Imbarack Dagach ◽

Cristian Brotfeld ◽

Joaquín García-Alandete

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Meaning In Life ◽

Factorial Structure ◽

Leading Role ◽

Structure Reliability ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

The World ◽

Assessment Bias ◽

Acceptable Internal Consistency

AbstractAdolescents are challenged to take decisions about issues associated to the vital circle and the comprehension of the world. Meaning in life (MiL) takes a leading role in adolescence. Reker and Peacock developed the Life Attitude Profile (LAP) for assessing MiL, and Erci developed a revised version (LAP-R). The main objective of this study was to analyze the factorial structure, reliability, invariance across gender, and absence/presence of assessment bias of a Spanish adaptation of the Turkish LAP-R among 2138 Chilean adolescents (1205 boys, 912 girls, and 8 others), who were studying in 3rd and 4th year. The LAP-R showed an acceptable structural validity, acceptable internal consistency, and invariance across gender. MiL as a significant domain of human experience in adolescents.

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Psychometric Properties of the Modified Social Environment Questionnaire in Chinese Older Adults

Journal of Aging and Physical Activity ◽

10.1123/japa.2017-0044 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 530-536 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ka-Man Leung ◽

Pak-Kwong Chung ◽

Tin-Lok Yuen ◽

Jing Dong Liu ◽

Donggen Wang

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Factor Analysis ◽

Hong Kong ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Psychometric Properties ◽

Measurement Invariance ◽

Social Environment ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Test Retest Reliability

This study evaluated the psychometric properties of a Chinese version of the 24-item Social Environment Questionnaire (SEQ-C). Confirmatory factor analysis was used to examine the factor validity and measurement invariance (Purpose 1) of the SEQ-C in 453 older adults in Hong Kong. Convergent validity (Purpose 2) and test–retest reliability (Purpose 3) were also measured. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis and measurement invariance supported the four-factor structure (representing companionship, encouragement, neighborhood social cohesion, and role models) of the SEQ-C, in a 15-item model that closely fitted the data. The SEQ-C was also found to have acceptable to satisfactory internal consistency, test–retest reliability, composite reliability, and moderate convergent validity in correlating perceived social support. This study showed that the SEQ-C is a suitable means of measuring the social environments of older adults in Hong Kong.

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Validation of the Hedonic and Eudaimonic Motives for Activities-Revised Scale in Chinese Adults

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18083959 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (8) ◽

pp. 3959

Author(s):

Wenjie Li ◽

Linting Zhang ◽

Ning Jia ◽

Feng Kong

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Measurement Invariance ◽

Predictive Validity ◽

Factor Model ◽

Well Being ◽

Smartphone Addiction ◽

Chinese Adults ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Chinese Undergraduates

The Hedonic and Eudaimonic Motives for Activities-Revised scale (HEMA-R) is one of the most extensively used instruments to assess how people pursue well-being. The main aims of the present research were to translate HEMA-R into Chinese and test its construct and predictive validity as well as measurement invariance across gender. In Study 1, we conducted confirmatory factor analysis with data containing 1090 Chinese undergraduates, and replicated the two-factor model which has been found in other studies. Furthermore, the measurement invariance across gender was supported throughout the multi-group confirmatory factor analysis. Study 2 replicated these results and further found the HEMA-R had satisfactory predictive validity in measures of well-being, social support and smartphone addiction. All the findings indicate that the HEMA-R is reliable and valid to measure hedonic and eudaimonic motives, and it could be applied generally across gender in Chinese adults.

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Validation Evidence for the Work Domain Satisfaction Scale in Two Languages

International Journal of Psychological Studies ◽

10.5539/ijps.v8n3p26 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 26 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nicole Bérubé ◽

Magda B. L. Donia ◽

Marylène Gagné ◽

Nathalie Houlfort ◽

Elena Lvina

Keyword(s):

Job Satisfaction ◽

Factor Analysis ◽

Organizational Commitment ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Well Being ◽

Affective Organizational Commitment ◽

Domain Satisfaction ◽

Satisfaction Scale ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Work Domain

<p>We used the samples of six studies to validate the Work Domain Satisfaction Scale (WDSS), a global, five-item and mid-level measure of work domain well-being. English and French versions of the scale were included in the studies to assess the stability of the instrument across these languages. Confirmatory factor analysis yielded a one-factor structure, which was shown invariant across languages and samples. Test-retest reliability of the scale was high, indicating that it measures a stable construct over time. Confirmatory factor analysis also provided evidence that satisfaction with work, measured with the WDSS, is related, but conceptually and empirically distinct from both life satisfaction and job satisfaction. The WDSS was also correlated in predictable ways with affective organizational commitment, a measure of how attached people are to their organizations. Work domain satisfaction also explained a significant amount of variance in affective organizational commitment, beyond job satisfaction. Moreover, the WDSS was positively related to inclusion of work into the self, a psychological variable that reflects the importance of work in the lives of individuals. The results indicate that the WDSS is a reliable, stable, and valid mid-level measure of satisfaction with work as a domain within people’s lives.</p>

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Factor Structure and Reliability of Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) in Russian Population

Counseling Psychology and Psychotherapy ◽

10.17759/cpp.2018260306 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 105-126

Author(s):

J.M. Poliakova ◽

M.G. Sorokova ◽

N.G. Garanian

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Factor Structure ◽

External Validity ◽

Well Being ◽

Dyadic Adjustment ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Dyadic Adjustment Scale ◽

Russian Version ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Three Factor

This study examines the psychometric properties of the Russian-version of G. Spanier’s Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS). 302 subjects (84 couples) participated in this research and each partner responded individually to the PFB or to both scales. The results of the exploratory factor analysis revealed a three-factor structure of the scale, which was endorsed by the means of confirmatory factor analysis. Three subscales and total score revealed appropriate reliability — internal consistency and split reliability. The construct validity was confirmed by correlations between DAS subscales and other instruments testing theoretically close constructs. External validity was confirmed by correlations between DAS subscales and perfectionism which shows that mentally focusing on one’s imperfections and failures is negatively related to subjective well-being in a marriage.

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