Validity and Reliability of the Portuguese Version of the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry - REALD-29 PT

Background Health literacy is a main factor in health for its improvement, allowing the individuals to have a greater capacity to engage and participate in collective health promotion actions. The assessment of functional health literacy to determine the ability that each individual has to understand basic health information is essential. The aim of the present study was to translate and perform the cross-cultural adaptation of the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry (REALD-30) to Portuguese language and test the reliability and validity of this version. Methods The REALD-30 in the Portuguese language (REALD-29 PT) was applied to a group of individuals that participate in the program Atividade Senior, developed by the municipality of Viseu, Portugal. The final sample was composed by 206 participants that accepted responding to the questionnaire and to the REALD-30 Portuguese version (REALD-29 PT). Translation and cultural adaptation of the questionnaire and the statistical validation was accomplished in order to complete the process and obtain the REALD-29 PT. Results The REALD-29 PT presented good internal reliability. Cronbach’s alpha ranged from 0.89 to 0.90 when words were deleted individually. The analysis of test-retest reliability revealed excellent reproducibility. We can verify that the REALD-30 scale for assessment of oral health literacy among older adults presents an acceptable internal consistency, with a global Cronbach´s alpha of 0.894. Conclusions The REALD-29 PT scale can be applied to assess oral health literacy among older Portuguese adults, presenting an acceptable internal consistency and is validated to assess oral health literacy and is crucial in epidemiological studies.

Validation of the Arabic version of the Ocular Surface Disease Index Questionnaire

AIM: To develop an Arabic version of the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) and to assess its reliability and validity. METHODS: A cross sectional study was carried out to validate the Arabic version of the OSDI questionnaire. Initially, forward-backward translation was used to translate the English version of OSDI into Arabic. The translated questionnaire was tested for equivalence and cultural adaptability. Totally 200 subjects were then recruited from a non-clinical population and asked to complete the Arabic version of the OSDI (ARB-OSDI). The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed using Cronbach’s-α. A subgroup of 30 participants was asked to complete the questionnaire on two occasions to test the test-retest reliability. RESULTS: A total of 200 participants were enrolled in the study. The average age of the study participants was 31.21±13.2y and 57% were male. An acceptable internal consistency level for the ARB-OSDI questionnaire measured by Cronbach’s-α was revealed. All questions showed good internal consistency. Test-retest reliability analysis revealed good stability (interclass correlation coefficient, r=0.832, P<0.001). The construct validity for the questionnaire was also high. CONCLUSION: The ARB-OSDI questionnaire shows very good psychometric properties (acceptable internal consistency and test-retest reliability). That makes the questionnaire a valid potential tool to use in Arabic-speaking countries to monitor symptoms of dry eye disease in a larger population.

The Creation and Validation of Active Cooperative Behavior Scales for Nurses

Background and PurposeGeneral conflict management instruments are employed in healthcare settings despite their lack of focus on active and cooperative behaviors which are linked to positive outcomes. The purpose of this study is to create and validate active cooperative behavior scales for nurses.MethodsTwo convenience samples were collected via an online panel and a public registry of nurses to create and validate the new scales using factor analysis, and hierarchical regression in a nursing/healthcare sample.ResultsThe newly created active cooperative behavior scales (ACBS) showed acceptable internal consistency and explained more variance on job satisfaction than a commonly used compromising subscale.ConclusionsThe ACBS can assist currently practicing nurses and hospitals in identifying easily implementable behaviors, active listening, appropriate assertiveness, and brainstorming, that lead to effective conflict management.

Psychometric Evaluation of Persian Version of Hope Scale in Iranian Patients With Cancer

Background and PurposeAdult Hope Scale is one of the most popular tools for hope measuring. The study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian Version of Hope Scale among Iranian patients with cancer.MethodsIn this methodological study, patients with cancer (n = 400) were recruited by convenience sampling from June to December 2019. The construct and content validity and reliability of the scale were evaluated.ResultsA two-factor structure for the scale was indicated with the factors being optimism life, and despair that explained 60.483% of the total variance of the scale. The model has the goodness of fit and acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha: .701–.897).ConclusionsThe Persian Version of Hope Scale demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability among patients with cancer.

Internal Consistency of the Customized Employment Discovery Fidelity Scale: A Preliminary Study

The discovery fidelity scale (DFS) is a 15-item instrument used to determine fidelity to systems and services level discovery best practices. Fidelity scale development is typically guided by an iterative, three-part process that includes identifying and specifying the fidelity structure and content, measuring and confirming the content, and assessing the internal consistency and reliability of the scale. This study is the initiation of the third step of the fidelity process to determine if items on the DFS accurately and reliably measure the discovery construct (internal consistency). The study also examined outcomes for individuals engaged in the discovery process. The results of the study suggest that both the systems and services components appear to measure their respective constructs and the overall discovery construct appears to have acceptable internal consistency.

Chinese version of the Precursors to Boredom Scales: Evaluation and psychometric properties

We evaluated the psychometric properties of the Chinese Precursors to Boredom Scales (C-PBS) with a sample of Chinese college students. The results show that the C-PBS had acceptable internal consistency reliability and criterion validity, and that the eight-factor model fit the data well. We also investigated the characteristics of precursors to boredom in Chinese college students. Apart from one factor (being underchallenged), all precursors were significantly and negatively correlated with students' self-efficacy for self-regulated learning, and with academic achievement. It is notable that low-income (vs. high-income) students who were bored during mathematics classes felt less monotomy, lack of meaning, and oppurtunity costs. The C-PBS is, thus, a relevant instrument for the investigation of precursors to boredom in Chinese college students.

Psychometric Assessment of the Persian Translated Version of the Romantic Perfectionism Scale Among Couples

Romantic perfectionismi can be disruptive to relationships, yet no validated measure for assessing romantic perfectionism in Iranian couples has been developed. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to translate and validate the Romantic Perfectionism Scale (RPS) among Iranian couples. Participants in the study were 200 married men and 320 married women from Tehran, Iran, who completed the translated RPS, the Almost Perfect Scale-Revised, and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 online. Item impact scores were used to calculate face validity. Impact score values for all items were greater than 1.5, signaling appropriate face validity.. The Content Validity Index (CVI) and the Content Validity Ratio (CVR) were used to measure content validity. Values of the CVI were above the cut-off score of 0.7, implying satisfactory content validity of the items. The CVR values were greater than the Lawshe table (0.78) cut-off score, demonstrating that all items were essential. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) using AMOS software was used to evaluate the construct validity. The results of the goodness of fit indices confirmed the RPS with two subscales (i.e., self-oriented romantic perfectionism and other-oriented romantic perfectionism) as per the original scale. All items remained in the scale as all factor loading values were greater than 0.45. The findings showed that the two subscales, and the scale as a whole, had acceptable internal consistency, as the construct reliability values for self-oriented romantic perfectionism (0.81), other-oriented romantic perfectionism (0.72), and the whole scale (0.74) were greater than 0.7. The results support the psychometric properties of the Iranian version of the RPS, which could be used by future researchers and clinicians to assess romantic perfectionism in Iranian couples.

Psychometric properties of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale amongst black South African university students

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread widely leading to a global public health crisis of a pandemic proportion. Whilst infection rates tend to fluctuate in South Africa, COVID-19 remains a life-threatening disease with the capacity to wreak fear and concern. The present study evaluated the psychometric qualities of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) amongst black South African university students (N = 433; Female: 58%; Mage = 23.51 [SD = 4.18]). The FCV-19S demonstrated a unidimensional factor structure and acceptable internal consistency (α = 0.87), Omega (ω = 0.88) and the greatest lower bound (GLB = 0.90) reliabilities. In addition, discriminant validity was demonstrated when FCV-19S items loaded separately from ordinary fear. The FCV-19S can be used as a measure of COVID-19-related fear amongst black South African university students.

Validity, reliability, and calibration of the physical activity unit 7 item screener (PAU-7S) at population scale

Background Validation of self-reported tools, such as physical activity (PA) questionnaires, is crucial. The aim of this study was to determine test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and the concurrent, construct, and predictive validity of the short semi-quantitative Physical Activity Unit 7 item Screener (PAU-7S), using accelerometry as the reference measurement. The effect of linear calibration on PAU-7S validity was tested. Methods A randomized sample of 321 healthy children aged 8–16 years (149 boys, 172 girls) from the nationwide representative PASOS study completed the PAU-7S before and after wearing an accelerometer for at least 7 consecutive days. Weight, height, and waist circumference were measured. Cronbach alpha was calculated for internal consistency. Test-retest reliability was determined by intra-class correlation (ICC). Concurrent validity was assessed by ICC and Spearman correlation coefficient between moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) derived by the PAU-7S and by accelerometer. Concordance between both methods was analyzed by absolute agreement, weighted kappa, and Bland-Altman statistics. Multiple linear regression models were fitted for construct validity and predictive validity was determined by leave-one-out cross-validation. Results The PAU-7S overestimated MVPA by 18%, compared to accelerometers (106.5 ± 77.0 vs 95.2 ± 33.2 min/day, respectively). A Cronbach alpha of 0.76 showed an acceptable internal consistency of the PAU-7S. Test-retest reliability was good (ICC 0.71 p < 0.001). Spearman correlation and ICC coefficients of MVPA derived by the PAU-7S and accelerometers increased from 0.31 to 0.62 and 0.20 to 0.62, respectively, after calibration of the PAU-7S. Between-methods concordance improved from a weighted kappa of 0.24 to 0.50 after calibration. A slight reduction in ICC, from 0.62 to 0.60, yielded good predictive validity. Multiple linear regression models showed an inverse association of MVPA with standardized body mass index (β − 0.162; p < 0.077) and waist to height ratio (β − 0.010; p < 0.014). All validity dimensions were somewhat stronger in boys compared to girls. Conclusion The PAU-7S shows a good test-retest reliability and acceptable internal consistency. All dimensions of validity increased from poor/fair to moderate/good after calibration. The PAU-7S is a valid instrument for measuring MVPA in children and adolescents. Trial registration Trial registration numberISRCTN34251612.

Adaptation of the tool to measure parenting self-efficacy (topse) in Bangladesh

Measuring parental self-efficacy has influenced the children and their environment for reaching optimal development. The current study aimed to adapt the Tool to Measure Parenting Self-Efficacy (TOPSE) scale and to determine its psychometric properties for using in the context of Bangladesh. A total of 180 mothers of children aged 0 to 6 years were conveniently selected for this study. The TOPSE and Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem scale were used as measuring instruments. Collected data were analyzed to determine psychometric properties by using Cronbach’s alpha, Pearson product moment correlation coefficient, item analysis, and factor analysis. TOPSE had acceptable internal consistency (Coefficient alpha=0.89) and test-retest reliability (r=0.96). The convergent validity of TOPSE showed a highly positive correlation (r=0.91) with the Bangla Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem scale. The factor analysis resulted in 4 factors with Eigenvalues > 1, explaining 87% of the variances and the four factors showed Cronbach’s coefficient values ranging from 0.50 to 0.99. TOPSE has reasonably good psychometric properties. Further research may wish to require to see the implication of TOPSE in evaluating parenting programs in Bangladesh. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(2): 169-177, 2021 (July)