Psychological Impact of Disasters and Terrorism on Children and Adolescents: Experiences from Australia

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally Wooding ◽  
Beverley Raphael
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Public Health Approach ◽  
Grief And Loss ◽  
Developmental Approach ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Impact

AbstractRecent acts of terrorism have emphasised the need for research to further establish not only the nature of the impact of disaster and terrorism on the population, but also further define methods of effective intervention. Those affected, and often overlooked, include children and adolescents, yet, our knowledge of the impact upon the younger members of our community limited. The literature is evolving, and there are a small number of valuable studies that can inform a response to the mental health needs of this younger population.This article reviews some of the psychological impacts of disaster and terrorism upon children and adolescents, and considers both risk and protective factors. The importance of a developmental approach to children's understanding of disaster, particularly death and the nature of grief and loss are discussed as is the distinction between the phenomenology of bereavement and trauma. Family and community support are highlighted as protective factors, and a number of recent, valuable recommendations for intervention including psychological first aid and cognitive-behavioral therapy are described. Finally, the complex role of the media and the degree that children should exposed to images of violence and disaster is considered. Disasters, whether they are natural or human-made always will be with us. It is necessary that a public-health approach that not only prepares for such scenarios, but responds by maximising the use of existing systems and agency linkages, taken.

scholarly journals Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (Cbt) In Addressing Trauma On Children And Adolescents Who Became Victims Of Violence: A Literature Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Efri Widianti ◽  
Habsyah Saparidah Agustina
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Children And Adolescent ◽  
Victims Of Violence ◽  
The Impact

Trauma is a circumstance in which a person experiences or witnesses death, feels threatened or seriously injured or a threat of physical integrity to oneself or others. Children and adolescents often had violence (harassment, neglect, embezzlement, or kidnapping) that can bring into trauma. The traumatic occurrence can have a serious psychological impact on children. To deal with this psychological hazard could be assisted by Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. This literature review aimed to identify the effect of CBT in supervising trauma in children and adolescents who became victims of violence to reduce the impact of trauma. Articles collected by Google Scholar, Science Direct and Pubmed Health used some keywords such as children, adolescent, CBT, trauma, and violence. The inclusion criteria consisted of quantitative research, systematic review, original research, full text, and published in English during 2007-2017. It identified 6 articles with 5 articles that were specifically related to CBT to supervise trauma. The results of the review of the five articles noted that 4 articles indicated that CBT is very effective in dealing with trauma in children and adolescent as the victims of violence, while 1 article showed that CBT is less effective in dealing with violence in children and adolescents. Thus, CBT was a potential intervention in addressing trauma in children and adolescent who became victims of violence, especially in West Java.

scholarly journals The Influence of COVID-19 on the Well-Being of People: Big Data Methods for Capturing the Well-Being of Working Adults and Protective Factors Nationwide

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiyang Zhang ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Hanjia Lyu ◽  
Yipeng Zhang ◽  
Yubao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Working Adults ◽  
Linguistic Inquiry Word Count ◽  
Text Content ◽  
Pandemic Severity ◽  
The Impact

The COVID-19 outbreak has affected the lives of people across the globe. To investigate the mental impact of COVID-19 and to respond to the call of researchers for the use of unobtrusive and intensive measurement in capturing time-sensitive psychological concepts (e.g., affect), we used big data methods to investigate the impact of COVID-19 by analyzing 348,933 tweets that people posted from April 1, 2020 to April 24, 2020. The dataset covers 2,231 working adults, who are from 454 counties across 48 states in the United States. In this study, we theorize the similarity and dissimilarity between COVID-19 and other common stressors. Similar to other stressors, pandemic severity negatively influenced the well-being of people by increasing negative affect. However, we did not find an influence of pandemic severity on the positive affect of the people. Dissimilar to other stressors, the protective factors for people during COVID-19 are not common factors that make people resilient to stress and they echo the unique experience during COVID-19. Moreover, we analyzed the text content of 348,933 tweets through Linguistic Inquiry Word Count (LIWC) and word cloud analysis to further reveal the psychological impact of COVID-19 and why the protective factors make people resilient to the mental impact of COVID-19. These exploratory analyses revealed the specific emotions that people experienced and the topics that people are concerned about during the pandemic. The theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

The Psychological Impact of Brand Advertisement on Face Book Users with Media Convergence – A Semiotic Approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Handa ◽  
Ruhi Lal
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Work Place ◽  
Media Convergence ◽  
Semiotic Approach ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Media ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The study has explored the rising psychological changes with the media convergence of television and Facebook and significance of a positive approach to deal with hierarchical conduct of employee in any company. The study investigates the brand advertisement showcasing balance of personal and professional life in the relationship of wife and husband at same work place. The study focused on semiotic approach to analyze the advertisement of Airtel India emphasizing on social roles of women in the society and its impact on the users of Facebook. The researcher analyzed the hegemony in the commercial and promotion of advertisement on public platform as face book to know the impact on consumer towards the commercial. Initially television is used as a medium the commercial was also released through Facebook with a strong brand communication strategy. The findings revealed that the observational information shared on Facebook affirms a portion of positive hierarchical conduct, that concentrates on the enticing urge in the consumers / users to aspire, visualize, share the views about the commercial with emotions on the face book page showcasing positive consumer psychology.

Impact of Media on Domestic Violence

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reena Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Electronic Media ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Impact

This paper is a delineated attempt to analyze the impact of media on Domestic violence in India. The purpose of the paper is to understand the meaning of domestic violence and to analyze various theories of causation of domestic violence as well as positive and negative impact of media. The author also attempts to highlight the main reliefs provided in the Protection of Women Against Domestic Violence Act 2005 The Author is also attempting to highlight the various psychological impact of media like printed and electronic media, with special reference to the Aristotle, Sigmund Freud (catharsis)and Bandura (imitation) behaviorism along with other psychologists and criminologists views on the impact of media on domestic violence. As media plays a very important role there is need for setting Agendas for more effective implementation of the media for curbing the domestic violence.

Clinician-Reported Modification to a CBT Approach in Children’s Mental Health

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary D. Meza ◽  
Nathaniel Jungbluth ◽  
Georganna Sedlar ◽  
Prerna Martin ◽  
Lucy Berliner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Implementation Climate ◽  
Evidence Based Treatment ◽  
Training Post ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Client Needs

Examining the nature and determinants of evidence-based treatment (EBT) modification is an important step toward understanding the impact of modifications and informing modification guidelines. We examined the prevalence, types, reasons for, and predictors of clinician-reported modification to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for children and adolescents. Ninety-eight clinicians trained in CBT completed surveys on their intent to modify CBT, perceptions of CBT characteristics, confidence in their ability to appropriately deliver CBT in complex clinical situations, and organizational EBT implementation climate post-training. Post-consultation, clinicians self-reported the types and reasons for modifications they performed. Ninety-three percent of clinicians reported they modified CBT, primarily with fewer than half of their clients. Client needs and clinician preference or style accounted for the highest proportion of modification reasons. The number of reported modifications performed was predicted by clinician confidence in their ability to deliver CBT appropriately ( b = .90, p = .01) and their intent to modify ( b = .55, p = .01).

Smoking Education and Prevention: A Developmental Model

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian P. S. Oei ◽  
Andrea R. Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Early Adolescents ◽  
Developmental Model ◽  
Developmental Approach ◽  
Ongoing Work ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Mass Media

A developmental approach to smoking education and prevention for children and adolescents is proposed. Literature is reviewed concerning the most appropriate agent, content, and presentation, of anti-smoking education for each of three age groups: children to age ten, pre/early adolescents eleven to fifteen, and adolescents fifteen to eighteen. For children to age ten, it is suggested that parents are the best agents of education, with teachers, peers, and the mass media, also playing some role. For pre/early adolescents, peers are suggested as the best agents of education, building onto the earlier and ongoing work of the agents mentioned above. For adolescents, the role of the media hero-figure is discussed. It is emphasized that sources of influence may function additively in affecting the child or adolescent's decisions about smoking, and that education in each stage must build on the stage before.

scholarly journals Interviewing children: the impact of the COVID-19 quarantine on children’s perceived psychological distress and changes in routine

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Segre ◽  
R. Campi ◽  
F. Scarpellini ◽  
A. Clavenna ◽  
M. Zanetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
School Students ◽  
School Closures ◽  
Mood Symptoms ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The COVID-19 outbreak has resulted in governments implementing disease containment measures such as school closures, social distancing, and home quarantine. To date, only a few studies have drawn attention to the psychological impact of lockdown on Italian children’s mental health. The present study aimed to investigate the psychological distress (anxiety and mood symptoms) and perceived changes in routine among Italian primary and middle school students during the COVID-19 quarantine. Methods This interview study was performed between the 18th of May and 7th of June 2020: it involved a sample of 82 children and adolescents living in Milan (Italy), attending primary and middle school (aged 6 to 14 years), and their parents. Results Almost 30 % of the subjects reported having struggled to adjust to home learning. 36 responders completely changed their dietary habits during the lockdown: they were not eating the same amount of food and were consuming more junk food. Sleep habits were also affected by the lockdown measures: 28 % of the sample had difficulties sleeping and wished to sleep in their parents’ bed. Concerning psychological distress, 64 (78 %) children and adolescents had anxiety symptoms; 43.9 % of the students reported significant mood symptoms. Conclusions Children are not indifferent to the dramatic impact of the COVID-19 epidemic: our data confirm their difficulties in adapting to the quarantine measures. The effects of stress exposure may not manifest later on during the children’s development, and, for this reason, it would be interesting to follow up on these participants to improve our understanding of how long these outcomes may last.

scholarly journals Psychological correlates of COVID-19 pandemic in the Austrian population

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Traunmüller ◽  
Rene Stefitz ◽  
Kerstin Gaisbachgrabner ◽  
Andreas Schwerdtfeger
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Psychological Burden ◽  
Psychological Correlates ◽  
Austrian Population ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background COVID-19 poses the greatest challenge for the entire world since the Second World War. Governments are forced to define strict measures to avoid the spreading of the virus, which may further impose psychological burden for the majority of the population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychological distress in Austria during the initial stage of the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods From 25 March to 3 April 2020, an anonymous online survey was conducted. Target group included all members of the Austrian population older than 16 years. The survey addressed the following areas (1) and sociodemographic data, (2) physical and mental health; (3) knowledge and concerns about COVID-19; (4) contact with infected people; (5) prevention efforts; (6) need for further information. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) were used to assess mental health. Analyses were based on 4126 individuals (74% female, age: M = 38.68, SD = 13.36). Results 43.3% rated the psychological impact as moderate (5.6%) or severe (37.7%). 26.5% reported moderate (13.3%) to severe (13.2%) depression; 20.3% moderate (8.9%) to severe (11.4%) anxiety and 21.2% reported to suffer from moderate (10.5%) or severe stress (10.7%). Being female, higher age, lower levels of education, concern about family members, internet as main source of information, student or pupil status, poor self-rated health, and downplaying the seriousness of the problem were significantly associated with higher psychological burden. Protective factors were the possibility to work in home office, frequent (indirect) contact with family or friends, the availability of virus-specific information, confidence in the diagnosis capability, and physical activity during the crisis. Conclusion This study is among the first in Europe on the psychological correlates of the COVID-19 pandemic. 37.7% of the Austrian study population reported a severe psychological impact on the event and 1 in 10 is considered to suffer from severe depression, anxiety or stress. The present findings inform about the identification of protective factors, psychologically vulnerable groups and may guide the development of psychological interventions.

scholarly journals Psychological correlates of COVID-19 pandemic in the Austrian population

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Traunmüller ◽  
Rene Stefitz ◽  
Kerstin Gaisbachgrabner ◽  
Andreas Schwerdtfeger
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Psychological Burden ◽  
Psychological Correlates ◽  
Austrian Population ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: COVID-19 poses the greatest challenge for the entire world since the Second World War. Governments are forced to define strict measures to avoid the spreading of the virus, which may further impose psychological burden for the majority of the population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychological distress in Austria during the initial stage of the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods: From 25 March to 3 April 2020, an anonymous online survey was conducted. Target group included all members of the Austrian population older than 15 years. The survey addressed the following areas (1) and sociodemographic data, (2) physical and mental health; (3) knowledge and concerns about COVID-19; (4) contact with infected people; (5) prevention efforts; (6) need for further information. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) were used to assess mental health. Analyses were based on 4,126 individuals (74% female, age: M = 38.68, SD = 13.36). Results: 43.3% rated the psychological impact as moderate (5.6%) or severe (37.7%). 26.5% reported moderate (13.3%) to severe (13.2%) depression; 20.3% moderate (8.9%) to severe (11.4%) anxiety and 21.2% reported to suffer from moderate (10.5%) or severe stress (10.7%). Being female, higher age, lower levels of education, concern about family members, internet as main source of information, student or pupil status, poor self-rated health, and downplaying the seriousness of the problem were significantly associated with higher psychological burden. Protective factors were the possibility to work in home office, frequent (indirect) contact with family or friends, the availability of virus-specific information, confidence in the diagnosis capability, and physical activity during the crisis.Conclusion: This study is among the first in Europe on the psychological correlates of the COVID-19 pandemic. 37.7% of the Austrian study population reported a severe psychological impact on the event and 1 in 10 is considered to suffer from severe depression, anxiety or stress. The present findings inform about the identification of protective factors, psychologically vulnerable groups and may guide the development of psychological interventions.

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