SELF-FOCUSED ATTENTION: COMMONALITIES ACROSS PSYCHOPATHOLOGIES AND PREDICTORS

2001 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Woodruff-Borden ◽  
Andrew J. Brothers ◽  
Sally C. Lister
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Focused Attention ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Causal Direction ◽  
Clinical Syndromes ◽  
The Relationship

Self-focused attention, also thought of a self-absorption, has been linked to a variety of affective states and clinical syndromes, including depression, panic disorder, social anxiety, schizophrenia, and alcoholism. Ingram (1990b) has suggested that self-focus may be a “nonspecific process” that is common across psychopathologies. Studies with nonclinical samples have supported this contention, and the current study assessed whether self-focus was common across various clinically diagnosed groups. A second issue, given this commonality, was to examine the factors across diagnostic conditions to which self-focus was related. One hundred and thirty-eight outpatients were included, and were divided into three groups based on primary diagnosis: “depression”, “panic”, and “other anxiety”. They were assessed with the ADIS-R/IV and completed measures assessing self-focus, affective states, global psychopathology, and problem-solving. Self-focus was common across groups, with minor valence variations. Severity of primary diagnosis predicted total self-focus, with level of depression and trait anxiety predicting negative self-focus. Correlational analyses suggested that self-focused attention is related to general measures of psychopathology and severity, and negatively related to problem-solving. The pattern with negative self-focus was even more pronounced, with significant relationships to all measures of psychopathology, clinician-rated severity, and a negative relationship with problem-solving. Results are discussed in terms of differences between “normal” and problematic self-focus, the causal direction in the relationship between self-focus and negative affect, and the link between self-focus and problem-solving.

The Relationship Between Teachers’ Thinking Styles And Girl Students’ Spiritual Intelligence (SI) In Tehran’s High Schools

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Omidi ◽  
Shirin Sadat Shafiei
Keyword(s):  
High Schools ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Spiritual Intelligence ◽  
Thinking Styles ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Thinking Style ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Girl Students

The main goal of this study is to examine the relationship between teachers’ thinking styles and girl students’ Spiritual Intelligence (SI) in Tehran’s high schools. The population included all 155859 students and 12571 teachers in Tehran’s girl high schools. According to “Morgan table” 384 students and 375 teachers were selected using cluster random sampling method. Research tools were two standardized questionnaires: Emren & Demir’s (2007) Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire and Sternberg’s thinking style inventory. Their validity indexes were evaluated by Mehrjou (2009). The reliability of the instruments was also calculated using Alpha Cronbach as 0.89 and 0.81 respectively. The research results revealed that teachers used a high level of executive and legislative thinking styles and a medium use of judicial style. There was also a negative relationship between executive style and problem solving. There was no meaningful relationship between executive thinking style and self-awareness consciousness, being holistic and grace. A negative relationship between legislative style and grace was also observed. However, there wasn’t a meaningful relation between this thinking style and problem solving. However, no positive relationship between this thinking style and grace was observed.   Keywords - thinking styles, executive, legislative, judicial thinking, spiritual intelligence

The Indirect Effect of Anxiety Sensitivity in the Relationship Between Panic Symptoms and Panic Severity

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander M. Talkovsky ◽  
Peter J. Norton
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Sensitivity ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Symptom Intensity ◽  
Bodily Sensations ◽  
Panic Symptoms ◽  
The Relationship

The cognitive model of panic (Clark, 1988) suggests that panic attacks result from the catastrophic misinterpretation of bodily sensations rather than the sensations themselves. Anxiety sensitivity (AS) is fear of anxious bodily sensations (Reiss, 1991) and has implications in panic development, maintenance, and severity. Although previous work has demonstrated that AS amplifies symptoms in response to provocations, few have analyzed the role of AS in the relationship between panic symptoms and panic disorder severity. The purpose of this investigation was to determine if AS, a cognitive risk for panic, has an indirect effect on the association between self-reported panic symptoms and panic severity, both self-reported and clinician-assessed, among 67 treatment-seeking individuals with a primary diagnosis of panic disorder with or without agoraphobia. Data were analyzed using the bootstrapped conditional process indirect effects model. Results indicated that the overall total mediational effect on Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS) was significant with evidence of partial mediation. The direct effect of Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) on PDSS remained significant although there was also a significant indirect effect of BAI via AS. Results showed a similar relationship when Clinician Severity Rating was the outcome. Moderation analyses were not significant. Therefore, AS was a significant partial mediator of the relationship between symptom intensity and panic severity, whether clinician-rated or self-reported. This investigation provides support for the importance of AS in panic, highlighting its importance but suggesting that it is not sufficient to explain panic disorder.

scholarly journals The relationship between humor and burnout among preschool teachers

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
Sergei B. Perevozkin ◽  
◽  
Yulia M. Perevozkina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Teachers ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Burnout Syndrome ◽  
Sense Of Humor ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Emotional Burnout ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

The article examines the specifics of manifesting a sense of humor and emotional burnout among the preschool teachers. Particular attention is paid to the fact that manifesting the sense of humor can influence the prevention of professional deformations among teachers. The relevance of the research problem is conditioned: firstly, by insufficient studying the relationship between the sense of humor and the emotional burnout syndrome among preschool teachers; secondly by its ambiguity. Two opposing points of view on the interaction of burnout and professional deformation are presented. A number of researchers’ results reflect a negative relationship between a sense of humor and professional deformation. At the same time there is a number of directly opposed studies showing the positive effect of humor on preventing emotional burnout. The use of correlation analysis (Spearman’s r-test) showed both negative and positive statistically significant relationships between humor styles and attitudes towards humor and phases of burnout (p < 0.05). The obtained results allowed formulating a number of conclusions regarding the fact that the relationship has a differentiated nature consisting of the positive impact of the affiliate style on emotional burnout, as well as negative manifesting of humor associated with aggressive style and the fear of looking funny which are less protective against emotional burnout.

Role of Subjective Probability in Mediating the Relationship between Word Frequency and Recognition of Error

1979 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 617-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morris B. Holbrook
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Word Frequency ◽  
Subjective Probability ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Subsequent Work ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
The Relationship

In a previous study a negative relationship between word frequency and ease of recognition of error in a proofreading task was noted. This finding was tentatively explained by the mediating role of subjective word probability, an hypothesis supported in subsequent work with a different proofreading task. In the present study 50 graduate students provided measures of subjective word probability for the 66 typographical errors employed in the first study. The mediating role of word probability was again supported by significant relationships between this variable and word frequency ( t = 1.82, df = 64, p < .05) and recognition of error ( t = −2.18, df = 62, p < .05) and by the disappearance of the relationship between the latter two variables when word probability was controlled ( t = −1.36, df = 61).

Problem-Solving Appraisal versus Hypothetical Problem Solving

1984 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 815-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen M. Ritchey ◽  
David M. Carscaddon ◽  
Charles H. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Hypothetical Situation ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Reliability Estimates ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between hypothetical problem solving and actual appraisal of problem solving was investigated. The actual problem-solving appraisal was measured by the Problem Solving Inventory of Heppner and Petersen. Scores on this instrument were correlated with scores on the Coping Strategies Inventory which utilizes a hypothetical situation, and was developed by Tobin, Holroyd and Reynolds in 1982. Significant relationships ( rs of .27 to —.54) hold between how people respond to real life situations and to hypothetical ones. Also significant reliability estimates (.72 to .90) for the Problem Solving Inventory were obtained. The inventory seems to relate most to measures of perceived flexibility in problem solving and goal-oriented strategies. The investigation has implications for research on appraisal of problem solving.

scholarly journals Management Development Programs and the Aspired Management Style: A Study in Malaysia

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Juhdi Nurita ◽  
Wan Jamaliah Wan Jusoh ◽  
Norizah Supar ◽  
Noor Hasni Juhdi
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Management Development ◽  
Management Style ◽  
Mentoring Programs ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Management Styles ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
The Relationship

<div><strong>Purpose:</strong> The study was to examine the relationship between management development programs and the management styles used by junior executives and young managers.</div><div> </div><div><strong>Design/methodology/approach:</strong> Data was collected using survey forms and all the respondents were below 45 years old. They were either professionals or holding middle to higher level positions.</div><div> </div><div><strong>Findings:</strong> Only mentoring had significant relationships with all the seven management styles. Mentoring was also found as the only program which was significant predictor to all the management styles. Assessment programs were found having significant relationship with participative style with negative relationship. On-the-job development programs were only significantly related to two management styles. Delegating style was significantly related to all the management development programs. Ethical management style was only significant to mentoring.</div><div> </div><div><strong>Research implications:</strong> HR practitioners should emphasize the use of mentoring with systematic mentoring programs.</div><div> </div><div><strong>Research limitations:</strong> The correlation values among variables were weak-to-moderate and some variables suffered from low Cronbach’s alpha values.</div><div> </div><div><strong>Originality/value:</strong> The paper researched on the outcomes of management development programs by measuring the management styles as perceived by the program participants.  </div>

Risk Attitude and Corporate Investment under Output Market Uncertainty: Evidence from The Mekong River Delta, Vietnam

2016 ◽  
pp. 59-70
Author(s):  
Ninh Le Khuong ◽  
Nghiem Le Tan ◽  
Tho Huynh Huu
Keyword(s):  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Risk Attitude ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Risk Averse ◽  
Market Uncertainty ◽  
Firm Investment ◽  
Output Market ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This paper aims to detect the impact of firm managers’ risk attitude on the relationship between the degree of output market uncertainty and firm investment. The findings show that there is a negative relationship between these two aspects for risk-averse managers while there is a positive relationship for risk-loving ones, since they have different utility functions. Based on the findings, this paper proposes recommendations for firm managers to take into account when making investment decisions and long-term business strategies as well.

Relationship of Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Production Deviance: Role of Perceived Organizational Politics

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-382
Author(s):  
Irsa Fatima Makhdoom ◽  
Mohsin Atta ◽  
Najma Iqbal Malik
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Citizenship ◽  
Organizational Citizenship Behavior ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Civic Virtue ◽  
Organizational Politics ◽  
Work Behavior ◽  
Citizenship Behavior ◽  
Production Deviance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The present study was an endeavor to extend the literature of perceived organizational politics by examining its moderating role between the relationship of organizational citizenship behavior and production deviance. Organizational Citizenship Behavior Scale (Mackenzie, Podsakoff, & Paine, 1999), Production Deviance sub-scale of Counterproductive Work Behavior Checklist-32 (Spector et al., 2006), and Perception of Organizational Politics Scale (Kacmar & Carlson, 1997) were used in present study. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that low levels of perceived organizational politics moderated the relationship between courtesy and production deviance by strengthening the negative relationship of these behaviors while perceived organizational politics did not act as a moderator for the relationship of civic virtue and conscientiousness with production deviance. High level of go-along-to-get-ahead as a moderator strengthened the relationship of civic virtue and conscientiousness with production deviance and its low level was found to be moderating the relationship between courtesy and production deviance. Future implications of the study were also discussed.

İNSAN KAYNAKLARI YÖNETİCİLERİNİN LİDERLİK TARZI, YARATICI PROBLEM ÇÖZME KAPASİTESİ VE KARİYER TATMİNİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİLERİN ARAŞTIRILMASI: AMPİRİK BİR ÇALIŞMA

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hüseyin YILMAZ
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
Career Satisfaction ◽  
Leadership Behavior ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Creative Problem Solving ◽  
Democratic Leadership ◽  
Creative Problem ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study is the creative problem-solving capacity of the organization with leadership behaviors of human resources managers and employees to examine the relationship between career satisfaction and is tested empirically. Research within the scope of the required data structured questionnaire method, operating in the province of Aydin was obtained from 130 employees working in five star hotels. Democratic leadership style according to the factor analysis, easygoing, participants converter, and releasing autocratic leadership dimensions were determined. According to the analysis, the dependent variable with a significant level of research and positive leadership style has been determined that no relationships. Regression analysis revealed that the leadership of the relationship with the creative problem-solving capacity of democratic leadership in style when found to be stronger than other leadership styles, while the variable describing the career of the employee satisfaction level of the maximum it was concluded that the creative problem-solving capacity of the organization. Research in the context of human resources on the very important for organizations, leadership behavior, creative problem-solving capacity and career satisfaction studies analyzing the relationships between variables it seems to be quite limited. The discovery by analyzing the relationship between the aforementioned variables, can make significant contributions to knowledge in the literature and are expected to form the basis for future research.

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