Early and late life cognitive activity and cognitive systems in old age

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 400-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT S. WILSON ◽  
LISA L. BARNES ◽  
KRISTIN R. KRUEGER ◽  
GEORGE HOGANSON ◽  
JULIA L. BIENIAS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Cognitive Resources ◽  
Cognitive Systems ◽  
Perceptual Speed ◽  
Past Activity

Little is known about the relative benefits of cognitively stimulating activities at different points in the lifespan. In a cohort of 576 older persons without dementia, we assessed current and past (childhood, young adulthood, middle age) frequency of cognitive activity; availability of cognitively stimulating resources in the home in childhood and middle age; and 5 domains of cognitive function. Past cognitive activity and cognitive resources were positively correlated with both current cognitive activity and current cognitive function. The association with cognitive function was reduced after controlling for current cognitive activity, however. Current cognitive activity was associated with better cognitive function, especially semantic memory and perceptual speed, even after controlling for past activity. The results suggest that past cognitive activity contributes to current cognition principally through its association with cognitive activity in old age. (JINS, 2005,11, 400–407.)

scholarly journals Association between Cognitive Activity and Cognitive Function in Older Hispanics

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1041-1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
María J. Marquine ◽  
Eisuke Segawa ◽  
Robert S. Wilson ◽  
David A. Bennett ◽  
Lisa L. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Cognitive Resources ◽  
Multiethnic Cohort ◽  
Hispanic White ◽  
Adequate Reliability

AbstractThere is limited research on the association between participation in cognitively stimulating activity and cognitive function in older Hispanics. The main purpose of the present study was to explore whether frequency of cognitive activity and its association with cognitive function in Hispanics is comparable to that of non-Hispanics. In a multiethnic cohort of 1571 non-demented older adults, we assessed past and current cognitive activity, availability of cognitive resources in the home in childhood and middle age, and five domains of cognitive function. The measures of cognitive activity and cognitive resources had adequate reliability and validity in our subset of Hispanic participants (n = 81). Hispanics reported lower levels of education, lower frequency of cognitive activity and less cognitive resources than non-Hispanic White (n = 1102) and non-Hispanic Black (n = 388) participants. Despite these differences the strength of the association between cognitive activity and cognitive function was comparable across ethnic groups. Because Hispanics have lower frequency of cognitive activity, the benefit of cognitive activity to late life cognitive function may be potentially larger in this segment of the population. Thus, interventions aimed at increasing frequency of participation in cognitively stimulating activity may offer a potential target to reduce cognitive impairment in Hispanics. (JINS, 2012, 18, 1–11)

scholarly journals Education and Cognition in Middle Age and Later Life: The Mediating Role of Physical and Cognitive Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
pp. e93-e104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujun Liu ◽  
Margie E Lachman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Later Life ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Behavioral Variables ◽  
Cognitive Activities

Abstract Objectives Although educational attainment is related to cognitive function in later life, little is known about the mechanisms involved. This study assessed the independent mediating effects of two behavioral variables, physical and cognitive activity, on the association between educational attainment and cognitive function and change. Methods Data were derived from the three waves of the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study. Predictors (educational attainment) were from the 1995 baseline, mediators (physical and cognitive activities) were from the 2004 wave, and outcomes (cognitive function) were from the 2004 and 2013 waves. Conditional process modeling was applied using PROCESS in SPSS. Results There were both direct and indirect effects of educational attainment on level and change of executive function (EF) and episodic memory (EM). Physical activity and cognitive activity were both significant mediators for cognitive level. For mediators of change, however, cognitive activity was significant for EF and physical activity was significant for EM. Discussion Physical and cognitive activity are discussed as possible factors for protecting against cognitive decline in later life. The findings have implications for advancing supportive policies and practices related to maximizing the benefits of education and physical and cognitive activities for cognition in middle age and later life.

scholarly journals Fasting Glucose Variability in Young Adulthood and Cognitive Function in Middle Age: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study

Diabetes Care ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 2579-2585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Bancks ◽  
Mercedes R. Carnethon ◽  
David R. Jacobs ◽  
Lenore J. Launer ◽  
Jared P. Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Glucose Variability

scholarly journals Cognitive activity, cognitive function, and brain diffusion characteristics in old age

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 455-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Arfanakis ◽  
Robert S. Wilson ◽  
Christopher M. Barth ◽  
Ana W. Capuano ◽  
Anil Vasireddi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Diffusion Characteristics

scholarly journals Analisis Faktor Pemicu Perkembangan Mioma Uteri pada Wanita Dewasa Akhir

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
naomi heidi amarda murti
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Uterine Myoma ◽  
Female Reproductive System

The most common tumour in female reproductive system is uterine myoma. The high risk of development of uterine myoma is age. Early middle age woman (ages 35-44) is period of age beyond young adulthood but before the onset of old age. In this period of age, uterine myoma is very common.This study used a qualitative method. Women diagnosed with uterine myoma participated in this study. To collect data, observation and interview were needed. The conclusion of this study will prove the risk of development of uterine myoma in early middle age woman.

scholarly journals Protection from late life depression

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan G. Blazer
Keyword(s):  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Late Life Depression ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Increased Risk

The frequency of late life depression is estimated to be low relative to the frequency in young adulthood and middle age, as documented in many community-based epidemiological studies from Western populations. We first reported such a low-frequency in 1980 (though we did not compare the frequency of late life depression with that earlier in life) (Blazer and Williams, 1980). Since that time, many community-based studies have documented this lower frequency (Blazer et al., 1994; Kessler et al., 2003; Hasin et al., 2005). Yet a review of the origins of late life depression at first glance may suggest that older persons are at significant increased risk compared to adults in young adulthood and mid-life (Blazer, 2003; Blazer and Hybels, 2005).

scholarly journals Świętego Augustyna przeżywanie starości w świetle jego listów

Vox Patrum ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 155-166
Author(s):  
Augustyn Eckmann
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Saint Augustine ◽  
Continuous Motion ◽  
Ancient Literature ◽  
Saint Jerome ◽  
The Church

Saint Augustine distinguished six periods of human life: infancy (infantia), childhood (pueritia), adolescence (adolescentia), young adulthood (iuventus), middle age (gravitas) and old age (senectus). Each of those periods has a per­spective. Only in old age there is lack of it. Augustine makes the examination of conscience. Sentimental mood appears in the mail from the Saint Jerome, who poses himself as an old man in the opposition to Augustine as a young man, mak­ing allusions to ancient literature and his age. Exchange of letters between the Fathers of the Church records Augustine’s respect toward an old man, the monk. The entire reality is in continuous motion, as you can see in a simple anthropologi­cal observation of different periods of human development: childhood (pueritia), adolescence (adolescentia), young adulthood (iuventus), old age (senectus). The latter closes the death. Old age is a common weakness (communis infirmitas) of mankind. Augustine complained frequently on the impending old age, which ac­cording to ancients starts with 60 year old.

scholarly journals Late-Life Social Activity and Cognitive Decline in Old Age

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 998-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan D. James ◽  
Robert S. Wilson ◽  
Lisa L. Barnes ◽  
David A. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Social Network Size ◽  
Rate Of Decline

AbstractWe examined the association of social activity with cognitive decline in 1138 persons without dementia at baseline with a mean age of 79.6 (SD = 7.5) who were followed for up to 12 years (mean = 5.2; SD = 2.8). Using mixed models adjusted for age, sex, education, race, social network size, depression, chronic conditions, disability, neuroticism, extraversion, cognitive activity, and physical activity, more social activity was associated with less cognitive decline during average follow-up of 5.2 years (SD = 2.7). A one point increase in social activity score (range = 1–4.2; mean = 2.6; SD = 0.6) was associated with a 47% decrease in the rate of decline in global cognitive function (p < .001). The rate of global cognitive decline was reduced by an average of 70% in persons who were frequently socially active (score = 3.33, 90th percentile) compared to persons who were infrequently socially active (score = 1.83, 10th percentile). This association was similar across five domains of cognitive function. Sensitivity analyses revealed that individuals with the lowest levels of cognition or with mild cognitive impairment at baseline did not drive this relationship. These results confirm that more socially active older adults experience less cognitive decline in old age. (JINS, 2011, 17, 998–1005)

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document