scholarly journals Social capital, tolerance of diversity and adherence to Mediterranean diet: the Rhea Mother–Child Cohort in Crete, Greece

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 1300-1307 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Kritsotakis ◽  
Leda Chatzi ◽  
Maria Vassilaki ◽  
Vaggelis Georgiou ◽  
Manolis Kogevinas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediterranean Diet Adherence ◽  
Similar Dose ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Sectional Analysis

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the associations of individual maternal social capital and social capital dimensions (Participation in the Community, Feelings of Safety, Value of Life and Social Agency, Tolerance of Diversity) with adherence to the Mediterranean diet during pregnancy.DesignThis is a cross-sectional analysis of data from a prospective mother–child cohort (Rhea Study). Participants completed a social capital questionnaire and an FFQ in mid-pregnancy. Mediterranean diet adherence was evaluated through an a priori score ranging from 0 to 8 (minimal–maximal adherence). Maternal social capital scores were categorized into three groups: the upper 10 % was the high social capital group, the middle 80 % was the medium and the lowest 10 % was the low social capital group. Multivariable log-binomial and linear regression models adjusted for confounders were performed.SettingHeraklion, Crete, Greece.SubjectsA total of 377 women with singleton pregnancies.ResultsHigh maternal Total Social Capital was associated with an increase of almost 1 point in Mediterranean diet score (highest v. lowest group: β coefficient=0·95, 95 % CI 0·23, 1·68), after adjustment for confounders. Similar dose–response effects were noted for the scale Tolerance of Diversity (highest v. lowest group: adjusted β coefficient=1·08, 95 % CI 0·39, 1·77).ConclusionsIndividual social capital and tolerance of diversity are associated with adherence to the Mediterranean diet in pregnancy. Women with higher social capital may exhibit a higher sense of obligation to themselves and to others that may lead to proactive nutrition-related activities. Less tolerant women may not provide the opportunity to new healthier, but unfamiliar, nutritional recommendations to become part of their regular diet.

scholarly journals Traditional Mediterranean diet and longevity in the elderly: a review

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 943-947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonia Trichopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
A Priori ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Proportional Hazard ◽  
Proportional Hazard Models ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Traditional Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
General Mortality

AbstractObjective:To review the evidence that the traditional Mediterranean diet is associated with longevity.Setting:Elderly persons of both genders in Greece, Spain, Denmark and Australia studied by different groups of investigators.Methods:Adherence to the principles of the Mediterranean diet was operationalised through a score devised a priori, and study participants were followed up until death or the end of the study. Proportional hazard models were used.Results:Closer adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with a significant decrease in general mortality among the elderly persons studied.Conclusion:The Mediterranean diet is positively associated with longevity among the elderly. If the assumption holds that there is no interaction between age and diet with respect to general mortality, it can be inferred that the traditional Mediterranean diet represents a healthy nutritional pattern.

scholarly journals Study of Physical Fitness, Bone Quality, and Mediterranean Diet Adherence in Professional Female Beach Handball Players: Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1911
Author(s):  
Alejandro Martínez-Rodríguez ◽  
Javier Sánchez-Sánchez ◽  
María Martínez-Olcina ◽  
Manuel Vicente-Martínez ◽  
Laura Miralles-Amorós ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Broadband Ultrasound Attenuation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diet Adherence ◽  
Mediterranean Diet Adherence ◽  
The Mediterranean

(1) Background: Beach handball is a relatively new type of sport, derived from team handball. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the physical fitness of elite players of this sport by studying some variables of sports performance, including strength, endurance and power, and dietary habits, and to assess bone ultrasonographic variables. (2) Methods: 33 beach handball players have participated in this research; 18 juniors (age: 16.7 ± 0.50) and 15 seniors (age: 24.8 ± 4.71). The athletes’ strength was evaluated using the Handgrip Test on the dominant hand, the height of jump was evaluated by a counter-jump on a contact platform, and velocity, agility, and resistance by the Yo-Yo test. The broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) and the sound of speed (SOS) through the calcaneus were also measured. The Mediterranean diet adherence (KIDMED) was the questionnaire used to evaluate eating habits. In the statistical analysis, descriptions and correlations were made between the study variables. (3) Results: Both in the case of the dynamometric hand strength test (p < 0.05) and in the lower extremity power test (p < 0.01), senior players presented significantly higher values compared to junior players (35.1 ± 3.84 vs. 31.8 ± 3.37 and 35.1 ± 6.89 vs. 28.5 ± 5.69 with the dynamometry and Abalakov tests, respectively). However, no differences were observed in the variables by playing position. Significant correlations between different variables have been established, highlighting negative correlations between BMI and weight with the Abalakov Jump Test and positive correlations between Yo-Yo and BUA, and, between BMI and BUA. (4) Conclusions: Older and trained players are in better physical fitness; high weight and BMI have a negative influence on power, agility, speed, and endurance. In general, adherence to the Mediterranean diet is moderate and it seems evident that there is a beneficial influence of beach handball on bone condition, as measured by ultrasound. However future research should be carried on, including dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry assessments and food intake registers for a whole week.

scholarly journals Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Cognitive Abilities in the Greek Cohort of Epirus Health Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3363
Author(s):  
Myrto Koutsonida ◽  
Afroditi Kanellopoulou ◽  
Georgios Markozannes ◽  
Styliani Gousia ◽  
Michail T. Doumas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mediterranean

The Mediterranean diet is commonly proposed as a major modifiable protective factor that may delay cognitive impairment in the elderly. The aim of the study was to investigate the cross-sectional association of adherence to the Mediterranean diet with cognitive abilities in a younger Greek population. A total of 1201 healthy adults aged 21–77 years (mean: 47.8) from the Epirus Health Study cohort were included in the analysis. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was measured using the 14-point Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) and cognition was measured using the Trail Making Test, the Verbal Fluency test and the Logical Memory test. Statistical analysis was performed using multiple linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, education, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol consumption and physical activity. Overall, no association was found between the MEDAS score and cognitive tests, which could be explained by the young mean age and high level of education of the participants. Future studies should target young and middle-aged individuals to gain further understanding of the association between Mediterranean diet and cognition in this age group.

scholarly journals Mediterranean diet adherence among cosmetology students

2021 ◽  
pp. 301-307
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Jeziorek ◽  
Alicja Szypowska ◽  
Bożena Regulska-Ilow
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Diet Adherence ◽  
Mediterranean Diet Adherence ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Study Participants

Background. The Mediterranean diet (MD) is universally recognized as the healthiest model of nutrition whose beneficial effects help prevent many diet-related diseases. Objective. The aim of the study was to assess cosmetology students’ adherence to the Mediterranean Diet using the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS). Material and methods. The study group consisted of 175 cosmetology students of the School of Physiotherapy whose dietary habits were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) consisting of 154 food and drink items representative of the diet during the last year. We analyzed data obtained from FFQ and calculated the average number of daily and/or weekly servings from each of the 9 MDS food groups (grains, vegetables, fruits/nuts, milk/dairy products, meat/meat products, legumes, alcohol, olive oil, fish). To obtain more reliable results, we analyzed other products consumed by study participants (sweets, beverages, eggs and potatoes). Study participants were assigned 0, 1 or 2 points for each MDS ingredient. Mediterranean diet adherence was assessed on a 17-point scale. Low adherence to MD was defined at 0-7 points, moderate at 8-10 points, and high at 11-17 points. Results. The mean MDS was 7.1 ± 2.3. Students who were assigned 11-17 points (n = 20) consumed significantly more vegetables, fruits, nuts, legumes, fish, olive oil and significantly less meat, meat products, milk, dairy, and sweets compared to study participants who were assigned the lowest number of points (n = 78). We reported significant differences in the amounts of consumed vegetables and sweets between participants who received 8-10 points (n = 77) and those who received 11-17 points. The higher MDS was significantly associated with the higher intakes of vegetables and dietary fiber. Conclusions. The dietary patterns of study group of Polish cosmetology students did not adhere to the MD recommendations.

scholarly journals Adherence to the Mediterranean diet is positively associated with sperm motility: A cross-sectional analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Salas-Huetos ◽  
Nancy Babio ◽  
Douglas T. Carrell ◽  
Mònica Bulló ◽  
Jordi Salas-Salvadó
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Sectional Analysis

scholarly journals Eating Habits and Physical Activity of the Spanish Population during the COVID-19 Pandemic Period

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Sánchez-Sánchez ◽  
Guillermo Ramírez-Vargas ◽  
Ylenia Avellaneda-López ◽  
J. Ignacio Orellana-Pecino ◽  
Esperanza García-Marín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Spanish Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediterranean Diet Adherence ◽  
The Mediterranean

Due to the pandemic situation caused by the COVID-19 infection, some governments have implemented house confinement measures. The objective of our study is to learn the dietary patterns, consumption, and physical activity of the Spanish population before and during the period of confinement by COVID-19. A cross-sectional descriptive study based on a questionnaire during May 2020, coinciding with the period of confinement and the step forward into Phase 1, is carried out. During confinement, the adherence to the Mediterranean Diet increases (8.0% versus 4.7%; p < 0.001). No socio-demographic variables show statistical significance (p < 0.05) regarding good adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MD) before and during confinement. During confinement, consumption of homemade baking shows a higher increase (0.28% versus 4.60%; p = 0.004). During confinement, the number of subjects that practice exercise decreases (29.4% versus 28.8%; p = 0.004), as well as the time spent exercising (more than an hour, 26.6% versus 14.7%, p = 0.001). Mediterranean Diet adherence slightly increases during confinement, although consumption of ‘unhealthy’ food also increases. Moreover, the number of subjects that practice physical activity, as well as the time spent on it weekly, decreases.

scholarly journals Association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Ramón-Arbués ◽  
Blanca Martínez-Abadía ◽  
José Manuel Granada-López ◽  
Emmanuel Echániz-Serrano ◽  
Isabel Huércanos-Esparza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediterranean Diet Adherence ◽  
The Mediterranean

Objective: to determine the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in a cohort of workers and to quantify its association with compliance with the Mediterranean diet follow-up. Method: a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out on a cohort of 23,729 workers. Clinical data from annual medical examinations and the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener were used to assess adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Results: 51.3% of the participants showed good adherence to the Mediterranean diet. The multivariate analysis showed an inverse and significant association between the follow-up of the Mediterranean diet and the prevalence of abdominal obesity (Odds Ratio = 0.64, 95% CI 0.56; 0.73), dyslipidemia (Odds Ratio = 0.55, 95% CI 0.42; 0.73), and metabolic syndrome (Odds Ratio = 0.76, 95% CI 0.67; 0.86). Conclusions: our results suggest that the Mediterranean diet is potentially effective in promoting cardiovascular health. Implementing the interventions promoting the Mediterranean diet in the working population seems justified.

scholarly journals Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Maltese Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Sarah Cuschieri ◽  
Massimo Libra
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Mediterranean Islands ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diet Adherence ◽  
Adherence Score ◽  
Mediterranean Diet Adherence ◽  
The Mediterranean

Background: Populations living in Mediterranean islands are experiencing a nutrition transition process from traditional to Westernized dietary patterns. No information on this matter regarding individuals living in Malta have been published to date. The aim of this study was to assess the level of adherence of the Maltese people to the Mediterranean diet and which factors were associated with it. Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted in the island of Malta between 2014 and 2016. A literature-based Mediterranean diet adherence score was used to assess the level of adherence to the dietary pattern. Results: Out of 3947 adults, the overall Mediterranean diet adherence score mean was 7.19 (SD 1.91): being female, non-smoker, and having older age was associated with higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Less clear pattern of association was found for educational and occupational status, for which medium educational level and a high occupational level were associated with lower adherence to Mediterranean diet. Higher adherence was finally associated with consumption of healthier food groups (more rice and dark bread and less pasta and white bread; more all plant-food groups and fish, less animal-food sources, including fast foods; more light cheeses and yogurt were more frequently consumed among higher adherent individuals in spite of regular ones). Conclusions: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet in Malta is lower than in those of populations living in companion Mediterranean islands. Given the lack of data on this topic, further studies should be conducted among the Maltese people and public health nutrition interventions should be planned to improve current eating habits toward more traditional dietary patterns.

scholarly journals The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)-Style Diet and an Alternative Mediterranean Diet are Differently Associated with Serum Inflammatory Markers in Female Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roya Sakhaei ◽  
Simin Shahvazi ◽  
Hassan Mozaffari-Khosravi ◽  
Morteza Samadi ◽  
Nasim Khatibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Inflammatory Marker ◽  
A Priori ◽  
General Information ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Teachers ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Hs Crp

Background: Studies on the association between a priori dietary patterns and serum highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) have led to inconsistent results, and we are not aware of any study on interleukin 17A (IL-17A) as an inflammatory marker associated with autoimmune diseases. Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the association between Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and the Mediterranean dietary patterns with circulating hs-CRP and IL-17A levels. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, female teachers (aged 20-50 years) who lived in Yazd, Iran, were randomly selected from elementary, guidance, and high schools from September 2015 to February 2016. Anthropometric data, as well as general information and dietary food intakes, were gathered, and each participant gave 1 blood sample. Participants were categorized into tertiles based on the DASH and the Mediterranean diet calculated scores. The associations between the dietary patterns and serum hs-CRP and IL-17A levels were assessed in the crude and multivariable models. In total, 320 female teachers aged 40.38 (8.08) years were included. Results: The DASH diet was associated with lower serum hs-CRP levels in the crude ( P = .05) and the fully adjusted models ( P = .02), while it was not significantly associated with IL-17A levels. The participants with the highest adherence to the Mediterranean diet had significantly lower circulating IL-17A levels ( P = .04) even controlling for all confounders ( P = .02); however, there was not a significant relationship between this diet and hs-CRP levels. Conclusions: The DASH and the Mediterranean dietary patterns might be differently associated with inflammatory markers. Further prospective studies are recommended to confirm our results.

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