scholarly journals The impact of a tax on sugar-sweetened beverages according to socio-economic position: a systematic review of the evidence

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (17) ◽  
pp. 3070-3084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Backholer ◽  
Danja Sarink ◽  
Alison Beauchamp ◽  
Catherine Keating ◽  
Venurs Loh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Price Elasticity ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
High Income ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Weight Outcomes ◽  
Economic Position ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Population Weight

AbstractObjectiveA tax on sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) has been proposed to address population weight gain but the effect across socio-economic position (SEP) is unclear. The current study aimed to clarify the differential impact(s) of SSB taxes on beverage purchases and consumption, weight outcomes and the amount paid in SSB taxes according to SEP.DesignDatabases (OVID and EMBASE) and grey literature were systematically searched in June 2015 to identify studies that examined effects of an SSB price increase on beverage purchases or consumption, weight outcomes or the amount paid in tax across SEP, within high-income countries.ResultsOf the eleven included articles, three study types were identified: (i) those that examined the association between variation in SSB taxes and SSB consumption and/or body weight (n 3); (ii) price elasticity estimation of SSB demand (n 1); and (iii) modelling of hypothetical SSB taxes by combining price elasticity estimates with population SEP-specific beverage consumption, energy intake or body weight (n 7). Few studies statistically tested differences in outcomes between SEP groups. Nevertheless, of the seven studies that reported on changes in weight outcomes for the total population following an increase in SSB price, all reported either similar reductions in weight across SEP groups or greater reductions for lower compared with higher SEP groups. All studies that examined the average household amount paid in tax (n 5) reported that an SSB tax would be regressive, but with small differences between higher- and lower-income households (0·10–1·0 % and 0·03 %–0·60 % of annual household income paid in SSB tax for low- and high-income households, respectively).ConclusionsBased on the available evidence, a tax on SSB will deliver similar population weight benefits across socio-economic strata or greater benefits for lower SEP groups. An SSB tax is shown to be consistently financially regressive, but to a small degree.

scholarly journals Expected population weight and diabetes impact of the 1-peso-per-litre tax to sugar sweetened beverages in Mexico

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. e0176336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tonatiuh Barrientos-Gutierrez ◽  
Rodrigo Zepeda-Tello ◽  
Eliane R. Rodrigues ◽  
Arantxa Colchero-Aragonés ◽  
Rosalba Rojas-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Population Weight

scholarly journals Can Parenting Practices Moderate the Relationship between Reward Sensitivity and Adolescents’ Consumption of Snacks and Sugar-Sweetened Beverages?

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Van Lippevelde ◽  
Leentje Vervoort ◽  
Jolien Vangeel ◽  
Lien Goossens
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Reward Sensitivity ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Daily Intakes ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Reward sensitivity has been associated with adolescents’ intake of unhealthy snacks and sugar-sweetened beverages. However, so far, there are no studies published describing the impact of parenting practices on this relationship. The present study will, therefore, investigate whether food parenting practices can moderate the association between reward sensitivity and diet intakes. Method: A cross-sectional research study was conducted among 14- to 16-year old Flemish adolescents (n = 867, age 14.7 ± 0.8 y, 48.1% boys) and a subset of their parents (n = 131), collecting data on daily intakes, reward sensitivity, and food parenting practices. Linear regression was used to assess the moderation effect of parenting practices (both adolescent- and parent-reported) on the relationship between reward sensitivity, and diet using SPSS 25.0. Results: In the main analysis (adolescent-reported), no significant moderation effects were found for parenting practices on the relationship between reward sensitivity and diet. However, the sensitivity analysis (parent-reported) showed a moderation effect for health-reducing parenting practices on the association between reward sensitivity and unhealthy snack intake (β = 0.297, 95% CI = 0.062, 0.531, p = 0.01). Conclusion: Given the difference in the effect of parenting practices between the adolescent- and parent-reported data, our inconclusive findings warrant more research in larger adolescent-parent dyad samples.

scholarly journals Impact of an excise tax on the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages in Catalonia, Spain

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Royo Bordonada ◽  
C Fernández Escobar ◽  
L Simón ◽  
B Sanz Barbero ◽  
J Padilla
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Beverage Consumption ◽  
Excise Tax ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption is contributing to the obesity epidemic. On 28 March 2017, Catalonia enacted a law levying an excise tax on sugar-sweetened beverages for public health reasons. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of the tax on the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages in Catalonia (Spain). Methods Before-and-after study to assess changes in the prevalence of consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages among 1929 persons aged 12 to 40 years residing in low-income neighbourhoods of Barcelona (intervention) and Madrid (control). Beverage consumption frequency was ascertained via a validated questionnaire administered during the month prior to the tax’s introduction (May 2017) and again at one year after it had come into force. The effect of the tax was obtained using Poisson regression models with robust variance. Results While the prevalence of regular consumers of taxed beverages fell by 41% in Barcelona as compared to Madrid, the prevalence of consumers of untaxed beverages remained stable. The main reason cited by more than two-thirds of those surveyed for reducing their consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages was the increase in price, followed by a heightened awareness of their health effects. Conclusions The introduction of the Catalonian excise tax on sugar-sweetened beverages was followed by a reduction in the prevalence of regular consumers of taxed beverages. Key messages This is the first study to show the efficacy of the Catalonian excise tax to reduce the prevalence of regular consumers of sugar sweetened beverages by residents of low-income neighbourhoods in Spain. Our results, along with the remaining scientific evidence on the subject, would justify the extension of the measure to the rest of Spain for public health reasons.

scholarly journals Sugar-sweetened beverages induced metabolic syndrome and its reversal using bitter melon extract

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-26
Author(s):  
Akshay Kirthan Jagannath Peraje ◽  
Ananda Puttaiah ◽  
Anshu Kumar Yadav ◽  
Akila Prashant ◽  
Prashant Vishwanath
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bitter Melon ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are known to cause metabolic pathologies increasing the risk for Type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disorders. We aimed to determine the effects of chronic sugar intake on lipogenesis and glucose metabolism in mice and study if bitter melon extract (BME) can reverse this effect. BME was prepared using 50% ethanol as solvent, biochemical assays for the estimation of phenolic compounds, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activity was performed. Male Swiss albino mice were divided into seven groups (n=6): Control (group-1), Glucose (group-2), Glucose+BME (group-3), Sucrose (group-4), Sucrose+BME (group-5), Fructose (group-6), Fructose+BME (group-7). Each group was induced with 30% wt/vol of respective sugars for 8 weeks, and BME was supplemented (300 mg/kg body weight) to group-3, 5, and 7 along with sugars after 4 weeks of induction. Blood glucose and body weight measurements were performed every week for 8 weeks. Animals were sacrificed and retroperitoneal adipose tissue (RPAT) was collected along with blood for lipid profile estimation. RPAT was stained with hematoxylin & eosin and examined under the microscope for adipocyte cell count/size. Group-3, 5, and 7 presented a significant decrease in the body weight at 8th week when compared to their 4th-week bodyweight, a significant drop in blood glucose and all the lipid profile parameters when compared to their respective control groups, and group-3 and 5 presented a significant reduction in the size of the adipocyte upon treatment with BME. Due to the presence of high phenolic acids, antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory property BME has various health benefits and the potential to treat SSB-induced metabolic disorders.

Abstract P235: Sugar-Sweetened Beverage and Food Intake and Mortality Risk Among U.S. Adults

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay Collin ◽  
Monika Safford ◽  
Viola Vaccarino ◽  
Jean A Welsh
Keyword(s):  
Racial Differences ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Related Mortality

Introduction: Multiple studies have shown a positive association between consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and increased obesity and cardiovascular disease risk but few have examined their impact on mortality. Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of (non-milk) sugars on CVD-related mortality and all-cause mortality, and to determine if this impact differs by the form in which they are consumed (beverages vs. foods). Methods: This study used data from the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study, a US based longitudinal cohort of 30,183 black and white men and women over the age of 45. We excluded those with a self-reported history of CVD, stroke, TIA, and type II diabetes at baseline, yielding a final study population of 17,930. Added sugar consumption (in grams) from beverage and from foods were estimated separately using self-administered Block 98 food frequency questionnaires. Sugar-sweetened beverages included those pre-sweetened, such as sodas as well as beverages to which sugar had been added at the point of consumption, such as coffee, or juices. Sugar-sweetened foods included desserts, candy and sweetened breakfast foods as well as foods to which caloric sweeteners (sugars, syrups) had been added. Quartiles of consumption were used for the purposes of analysis, with the lowest category as the reference. Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the association between consumption and all-cause mortality, CHD-related mortality, and CVD-related mortality. Model I adjusted for sociodemographic and behavioral risk factors (age, sex, education, household income, region, smoking, and physical activity). Model II additionally adjusted for possible mediators, including total energy intake, BMI, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Results: In Model I, we observed increased hazard ratios for CVD, CHD-related and all cause related mortality. These results were attenuated but remained significant when adjusting for possible mediators in Model II: HR=1.7, 95%CI 1.1-2.7 for CVD-related mortality; HR=2.5, 95%CI 1.3-4.8 for CHD-related mortality, and HR=1.27, 95%CI 1.02-1.58 for all-cause mortality, when comparing the highest quartile of SSB consumption to the lowest quartile of SSB consumption. We observed similar but attenuated effects between the comparisons for the third and second quartiles of SSB consumption. We did not observe any increased risk with sugar-sweetened foods. Conclusions: Older adults who are high consumers of SSBs are at an increased risk of CVD-related and all-cause mortality.

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