scholarly journals High prevalence of low dairy calcium intake and association with insomnia, anxiety, depression and musculoskeletal pain in university students from Jordan

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mohammad J Alkhatatbeh ◽  
Hala N Khwaileh ◽  
Khalid K Abdul-Razzak
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Depression Score ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Insomnia Severity

Abstract Objective: To assess dairy Ca intake and investigate its relationship with insomnia and other common co-morbidities including anxiety, depression and musculoskeletal pain (MSP) among university students. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: University, Irbid, Jordan. Participants: Male and female individuals (n 1000), aged 20·87 ± 2·69 years. Results: Low dairy Ca intake (<1000 mg/d) was reported by 96·5 % of participants, and moderate to severe insomnia reported by 15·6 % of participants. Abnormal anxiety and depression scores were reported by 26·2 and 18·0 % of participants, respectively. MSP was reported by 42·9 % of participants. Participants with moderate to severe insomnia had lower dairy Ca, higher anxiety and depression scores and higher measures of MSP compared to participants with no insomnia (P-values < 0·05). Dairy Ca was weakly inversely correlated with Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) score, depression score and measures of MSP (P-values < 0·05). Regression analysis indicated that insomnia was predicted by low dairy Ca, anxiety, depression, MSP and smoking (P-values < 0·05). Both anxiety and depression were predicted by increased ISI score (P-values < 0·05), while depression alone was predicted by low dairy Ca (P-value < 0·01). MSP was predicted by increased ISI and anxiety scores (P-values < 0·05). Conclusions: Low dairy Ca was highly prevalent and associated with insomnia and depression among university students. Individuals should be advised to increase dietary Ca intake to achieve the recommended daily amount. Further research is required to investigate a potential causal relationship between low Ca and both insomnia and its related co-morbidities.

scholarly journals Association between depression, anxiety, and insomnia with musculoskeletal pain source: a multi-center study

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elham Zarean ◽  
Asma Azadeh ◽  
Habib Pirali ◽  
Behzad Doroushi ◽  
Atieh Edrisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Insomnia Severity

Abstract Background Musculoskeletal pain syndrome (MPS) is one of the modern diseases. Musculoskeletal pain (MP) may develop at any age and impact physical and mental health. This study aimed to evaluate the association between anxiety, depression, and insomnia with musculoskeletal pain source. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 450 patients with musculoskeletal pain. Goldberg depression (GB), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Morin Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) questionnaires were used to collect data. Participants have divided into two groups: individuals with unknown musculoskeletal pain sources and individuals with known musculoskeletal pain sources. Anxiety, depression, and insomnia scores were compared between the two groups. For statistical analysis of data mean (SD), frequency (%), Chi-square, Mann-Whitney test, and Logistic regression models were used. All analysis was performed using SPSS 26. Results In this study, 39.4% of the participants were in severe depression, 31.1% in severe anxiety, 34.7% in the no clinically significant, and 32.9% in the sub-threshold insomnia group. There was a significant difference between the severity of anxiety and insomnia in the two groups with the known and unknown pain sources (p < 0.05). However, the score of depression (OR = 1.00, 95% CI 0.99–1.01), anxiety (OR = 1.00, 95% CI 0.99–1.02), and insomnia (OR = 1.01, 95% CI 0.98–1.03) was not related to the pain source. Conclusion There was a statistically significant relationship between anxiety and insomnia severity with musculoskeletal pain source. According to the high prevalence of depression, anxiety, and depression in both groups with known and unknown musculoskeletal pain sources, the cooperation of orthopedists, rheumatologists, and physical therapists with psychiatrist can be useful in improving the condition of patients.

scholarly journals Anxiety and Depression among new entrants in a Medical College

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
Vikrant Prabhakar ◽  
Amrit Virk ◽  
Parmal Saini
Keyword(s):  
Depression Scale ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
North India ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Background: Depression is commonly reported by university students due to change in environment, academic demands, developing new relations and more financial freedom. If that professional course happens to be medical education, the transition is even more drastic. Studies have also shown that Quality of Life (QOL) is negatively affected by the presence of anxiety and depression. Aim: Present study aims to find the prevalence of anxiety, depression and stress among students who have recently joined medical college. Materials & Method: This cross-sectional study was undertaken at Private medical college in north India. Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS) was used for the data collection. MBBS students who have joined the institution in August 2019 were included in the study. Statistical Analysis Used: Data was entered in excel and analysed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Version 21. Result: We found that almost half of the students who participated in the study had scores above 10 (meaning thereby depressed) on the depression scale, with 23.5% of respondents showing moderate or severe depression. Two-third students experienced anxiety, with 20% students having severe to very severe anxiety. Stress levels amongst the students were also high, with 47% of the students reporting stress. 3.4% students experienced severe or very severe stress. Conclusion: Medical students have high prevalence of stress, anxiety and depression. It is recommended that medical colleges should implement appropriate and timely measures to address students’ well-being and offer comprehensive intervention and preventive programs to help students cope with this transition phase.

The Relationship Between Smartphone Use, Insomnia, Stress, and Anxiety Among University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 105477382098316
Author(s):  
Nisreen Al Battashi ◽  
Omar Al Omari ◽  
Murad Sawalha ◽  
Safiya Al Maktoumi ◽  
Ahmed Alsuleitini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Insomnia Severity Index ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Smartphone Use ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insomnia Severity

The rapid increase in the number of smartphone users has raised concern about the negative psychosocial and physical effects of this use. A descriptive cross-sectional design was conducted to investigate the relationship between smartphone use, anxiety and insomnia among university students. A convenience sample of 404 students from one public university completed questionnaires with items from the Smartphone Addiction Scale, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale and the Insomnia Severity Index, with some demographic data. High smartphone addition scale score was significantly associated with higher anxiety and stress scores of the Depression Anxiety Stress scale, and higher insomnia severity index score. The findings support the importance of an intervention program to promote appropriate use of smartphones and to improve sleep and psychological symptoms such as stress and anxiety among university students.

Effects of nomophobia on anxiety, stress and depression among Saudi medical students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Nusrat Bano ◽  
Muhammad Anwar Khan ◽  
Uzma Asif ◽  
Jennifer de Beer ◽  
Hawazen Rawass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Severe Anxiety ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract Objective: To assess the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress in medical students, and to analyse effects of demographics and nomophobia on depression, anxiety and stress. Method: The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, from April 1 to May 23, 2019, and comprised male and female medical students aged 19-25 years. Data was collected using a demographic information form, the 21-item depression, anxiety and stress scale and the 20-item nomophobia questionnaire. Data was analysed using SPSS 20. Results: Of the 230 students, 108(47%) were boys and 122 (53%) were girls. The overall mean age was 21.93+1.80 years. Anxiety, depression and stress was reported in 168 (74.6%), 158 (70.2%) and 127 (55.9%) of the students. Extremely severe anxiety, depression and stress were self-reported by 92 (40.9%), 38 (16.8%) and 16 (7.04%) students. There was a significant difference in the distribution of subjects within different levels of anxiety across gender (p<0.05).  Higher anxiety and stress scores were observed in 78 (33.9%) students with severe nomophobia. Differences in the levels of anxiety and stress with regards to type of residence and nomophobia levels were significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: There was high prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress associated with gender, nomophobia levels and residence type. Key Words: Depression, Anxiety, Stress, Medical, Nomophobia.

scholarly journals DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY IN CORRELATION TO BODY AREAS INVOLVED IN PATIENTS OF BURNS

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 734-38
Author(s):  
Ghazanfar Ali ◽  
Sikander Ali Khan ◽  
Muzzafar Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Sheraz Afzal Malik ◽  
Danish Almas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Depression ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Burns Unit

Objective: To evaluate the severity of depression and anxiety among patients of burns and correlate depression and anxiety with areas of body involved in burns. Study Design: A cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: The departments of Psychiatry and department of Plastic Surgery, Combined Military Hospital Multan, from Oct 2019 to Mar 2020. Methodology: Through consecutive sampling, 56 patients of burns reporting to burns unit were assessed for anxiety and/ or depression based on the diagnostic criteria of International Classification of Diseases version 10. Symptom severity was assessed using Beck Depressive Inventory for depression and Beck Anxiety Inventory for anxiety. Descriptive statistics like mean with standard deviation was calculated for age. Frequency along with percentages was calculated for sociodemographic variables, Anxiety and depression. Results: Depression was present among 30 (53%) of participants out of which 16 (53.5%) had mild, 11 (37.9%) had moderate while only 3 (12.5%) had severe depression. Anxiety was seen among 50 (89%) of participants out of which sixteen (32.1%) had mild, 26 (51.7%) had moderate while 8 (16%) had severe anxiety. Significant correlation existed among the major area involved in burn with both anxiety and depression (p<0.01). Conclusion: There is a very high prevalence of anxiety and depression among patients of burn. Significant positive correlation existed between the level of anxiety and the areas involved in burns.

scholarly journals An Investigation of Associations and Incidence of Anxiety, Depression, Perceived Vulnerability to Diseases, and Fear of COVID-19 Among Nigerian Health Care Workers

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joy Osagiator Ariyo ◽  
Ebenezer Olutope Akinnawo ◽  
Bede Chinonye Akpunne ◽  
Daniel Oluwasanmi Kumuyi ◽  
Deborah Foluke Onisile
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Vulnerability ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Mental Wellness ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Background: Health care workers (HCWs) are the frontline of coping COVID-19 pandemic, which indicates the importance of improving their mental wellness to better cope with the situation. Objectives: The current study aimed to firstly assess the severity of anxiety and depression and perceived vulnerability to diseases, and secondly to investigate their association with the fear of COVID-19 among Nigerian HCWs. Methods: For this cross-sectional study, a purposefully selected sample of 413 HCWs from two tertiary healthcare institutions in Benin City, Edo State, South-South Nigeria, responded to the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Perceived Vulnerability to Disease Scale. Data was collected between October 2020 and February 2021. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize socio-demographic variables, while inferential statistics (t-test for independent samples, one-way ANOVA, and linear regression) were used to test hypotheses. Results: A high prevalence of anxiety, depression, and perceived vulnerability to diseases (PVD) was observed. Perceived infectability (β = 0.244, P = 0.000), germ aversion (β = 0.166, P = 0.000), and composite PVD (β = 0.96, P = 0.000) were identified as independent and significant predictors of fear of COVID-19, accounting for 7.5; 3.3, and 9.9% variance in the severities of Fear of COVID-19, respectively. Anxiety and depression showed a significant joint prediction of Fear of COVID-19 severity, accounting for a 4.0% variance in the severity. Fear of COVID-19 was not found to be influenced by sex or job type differences among the HCWs. Conclusions: This study demonstrated a high incidence of anxiety, depression, and perceived vulnerability to COVID-19 among Nigerian HCWs. These reported symptoms of psychopathology are also strong independent and joint predictors of fear of COVID-19.

scholarly journals High Prevalence of Asthenopia among a Population of University Students

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Hashemi ◽  
Mohammad Saatchi ◽  
Abbasali Yekta ◽  
Babak Ali ◽  
Hadi Ostadimoghaddam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
University Students ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multiple Regression Model ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
And Gender

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of asthenopia and its associated factors in a sample of university students in Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, participants were selected using multistage cluster sampling. Presence of at least one of the 10 symptoms—foreign body sensation, diplopia, blurred vision, eye swelling, dry eye, eye pain, difficulty in sustaining visual operations, decreased visual acuity, tearing, and photophobia—was considered as asthenopia. Ocular examinations, including uncorrected/corrected visual acuity measurement, objective/subjective refraction, cover test, amplitude of accommodation (AA), and near point of convergence (NPC) were performed. Results: Of the 1,462 students (mean age: 22.8 ± 3.1 years), 73% were women. The age- and gender standardized prevalence was 70.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 68.3–73.5), 39.8% (95% CI: 36.4–43.1), and 19.7% (95% CI: 16.0–23.3) based on the presence of at least one, two, and three symptoms, respectively. The prevalence was significantly higher in females (P = 0.048), hyperopic students (P < 0.001), and astigmatic participants (P < 0.001). The mean AA and NPC were 9.7 ± 2.6 D and 10.2 ± 4.2 D (P = 0.008) and 7.0 ± 2.1 cm and 7.7 ± 3.9 cm (P < 0.001) in participants with and without asthenopia, respectively. Multiple regression model revealed age (28–29 years), astigmatism, and NPC as independent associated factors (odds ratios: 3.51, 1.61, and 0.91, respectively). Conclusion: This study shows relatively high prevalence of asthenopia in university students. Demographic factors and visual system disorders are important risk factors and timely correction of conditions may lead to decreased asthenopia.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Sleep Disturbances During COVID-19 Pandemic in a Nepalese Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-153
Author(s):  
Avinash Chandra ◽  
Pooja Prakash ◽  
Nabina Sharma ◽  
Ayush Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Insomnia Severity

Objectives: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and news of daily increasing cases inside Nepal and worldwide is adding to the fear that leads to anger, anxiety, frustration, and stress, emotions that directly affect sleep quality. This study aimed to assess sleep disturbances during the COVID-19 pandemic in a Nepalese population.Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 206 Nepali residents who completed anonymous self-administered questionnaires. The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) questionnaire was used to measure sleep disturbances before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The gathered data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics using SPSS version 20 statistical software.Results: There was a significant variation in sleep disturbances among Nepalese residents before versus after the COVID-19 pandemic (p<0.001). The prevalence of clinical moderate insomnia has increased tremendously in Nepalese individuals. Before the pandemic’s onset, only 3.9% of the participants had moderate to severe levels of clinical insomnia; after its onset, this value increased to 17.5%. The mean ISI scores were 6.35±4.65 and 8.01±6.01 before and after the pandemic’s onset, respectively.Conclusions: Our study findings suggest that people are suffering tremendously with sleep disturbances and calls for further research and active measures to help increase sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals The Impact of Infertility on Various Aspects of Women's Lives in Comparison With Tubal Ligation Control: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahnaz Ashrafi ◽  
Shahideh Jahanian Sadatmahalleh ◽  
Negin Mirzaei ◽  
Jahangiri ◽  
Samaneh Youseflu
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Women's Lives ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Abstract Background The aim of this study is to assess anxiety, depression, body image, self-esteem, sexual function (SF), and quality of life (QoL) in infertile women in Iran and to compare the results with fertile women (used a condom) and those with tubal ligation (TL) (as control groups). Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out on infertile women, women who had undergone TL (control 1), and women who had used a condom (control 2) (200 women in each group). They were selected from the Royan Institute in Tehran (Iran) and a number of health care centers in Tehran (Iran) from May 2017 to February 2019. The subjects were asked to fill out the Short Form Health Survey (SF-12), Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Body Image Concern Inventory (BICI), and Rosenberg’ Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). One-way ANOVA was used to find the statistical differences between the three groups. Results All mean values FSFI were found to be lower in the TL women and the differences between the three groups were statistically significant in all domains. Women with TL had more female sexual dysfunction (FSD) (22.43 ± 5.30 vs 24.79 ± 4.74 vs 28.03 ± 3.29, P˂0.001). There was a significant difference between the three groups in SF-12 scores (76.59 ± 13.14 vs 68.49 ± 14.47 vs 78.87 ± 12.62, P˂0.001). Also, there was a significant difference between the three groups in anxiety, depression, and total scores HADS (P˂0.001). Infertile women had lower body image (P˂0.05) and self-esteem was lower in the TL group (P˂0.05). Conclusions Our findings reveal the adverse effects of TL on the anxiety and depression, sexual life, body image, and QoL of women. It is recommended that the awareness and knowledge of health-care professionals regarding the side-effects of TL in the above-mentioned aspects of women’s lives should be increased and discussed with patients.

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