Personality Traits and Voter Turnout in South Korea: The Mediation Argument

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 426-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHING-HSING WANG ◽  
DENNIS LU-CHUNG WENG ◽  
HYUN-JIN CHA
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Voter Turnout ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Political Efficacy ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Political Interest ◽  
Voter Participation ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Using Data

AbstractThis study examines the effects of personality traits on voter turnout in South Korea. While it has been demonstrated that no direct relationships exist between personality traits and voter participation in South Korea, we argue that personality traits have indirect effects on turnout through such attitudinal factors as political interest, political efficacy, partisanship, and ideology. Using data from Korean General Social Survey (KGSS) 2012, we find that political interest and political efficacy play an important role in mediating the relationships between personality traits and voter turnout in South Korea. However, contrary to our expectations, there is either weak or no evidence on the mediating role of partisanship and ideology in the relationships between personality traits and voter turnout. To sum up, our findings provide some support to the indirect relationships between personality traits and voter turnout in South Korea and imply that the impacts of personality traits on voter participation vary by country or geographic region.

scholarly journals Conflict Management Model of Organization from Molucca’s Cultural Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Albertus Fenanlampir
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Foreign Products ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Using Data

The purpose of this research is to examine the influence of consumer sentiments on purchase intention toward foreign products and to determine which personality traits are responsible for the formation of consumer sentiments. In this study, we employed Structural Equation Modeling to test the research model using data collected from a survey of 400 young Vietnamese consumers in Ho Chi Minh City. The results provide empirical evidence of the positive impact of consumer cosmopolitanism and xenocentrism on consumers’ purchase intention toward foreign products. Furthermore, through this study, we indicated that certain personality traits shape consumer sentiments. Generally speaking, in the context of foreign consumption, there is an enhanced link between personality traits and purchase intention via the mediating role of consumer sentiments. Theoretical and managerial implications are also discussed.

scholarly journals Political Efficacy and Participation in Twenty-Seven Democracies: How Electoral Systems Shape Political Behaviour

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEFFREY A KARP ◽  
SUSAN A BANDUCCI
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Electoral Systems ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Political Efficacy ◽  
Voter Participation ◽  
Electoral Participation ◽  
Political Behaviour ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Comparative Study

Advocates of proportional representation (PR) often cite its potential for increasing citizen involvement in politics as one of PR's fundamental advantages over plurality or first-past-the-post systems. The assumption is that plurality electoral systems distort the translation of votes into seats, discouraging and alienating small party supporters and other political minorities. In contrast, PR systems are believed to provide greater opportunities for representation which are assumed to instil greater efficacy and increase participation. We examine this theory linking institutions to electoral participation across a diverse set of countries using data from the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems. Using a multi-level approach we find evidence consistent with the expectations about the negative influence of disproportional systems on political minorities. Voters are also likely to have stronger partisan preferences in PR systems, which enhances political efficacy and increases voter participation. The effects of PR, however, are not all positive; broad coalitions, which are likely to be a feature of these systems, reduce political efficacy.

Participation in collective action in China: Unfair experience, interests involved, and political efficacy

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 1561-1572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Runxi Zeng ◽  
Yanchao Chen ◽  
Huajun Li
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Political Efficacy ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Unfair Treatment ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Practical Implications

We examined which factors promote Chinese citizens' participation in collective action at the individual level. Using data from the 2010 China General Social Survey, we applied logistic regression analysis to explore the relationships between unfair experience, interests involved, political efficacy, and the likelihood of participation in collective action. Results showed that people who have experienced unfair treatment from the government are more likely than other people are to participate in collective action. If people think that collective action is closely related to their own interests, they are more likely to participate than are those who do not think so. Also, people with high internal political efficacy are more likely to participate in collective action than are those with low internal political efficacy. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

scholarly journals The mediating role of political talk and political efficacy in the effects of news use on expressive and collective participation

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Sup Park
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Political Efficacy ◽  
Presidential Campaign ◽  
Panel Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Political Talk ◽  
The Impact

This study examines how media use for news can relate to expressive and collective participation through the mediating role of political talk and internal and external political efficacy. Based on two cross-sectional analyses and one autoregressive analyses of the data obtained from a two-wave panel survey during the 2012 presidential campaign in South Korea, this study finds that political talk and internal political efficacy mediate the association between news attention and expressive participation, while external political efficacy does not. Political talk and internal political efficacy jointly mediate the impact of news attention on expressive participation. The analysis also reveals that social media news attention and internal political efficacy play a bigger role in connecting news attention and political participation than traditional news attention, external political efficacy, and political talk.

scholarly journals Consumer Sentiments: a Missing Link between Personality Traits and Purchase Intention toward Foreign Products - an Empirical Study on Young Vietnamese Consumers

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thai-Ngoc Pham ◽  
Nhu-Ty Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Foreign Products ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Using Data

The purpose of this research is to examine the influence of consumer sentiments on purchase intention toward foreign products and to determine which personality traits are responsible for the formation of consumer sentiments. In this study, we employed Structural Equation Modeling to test the research model using data collected from a survey of 400 young Vietnamese consumers in Ho Chi Minh City. The results provide empirical evidence of the positive impact of consumer cosmopolitanism and xenocentrism on consumers’ purchase intention toward foreign products. Furthermore, through this study, we indicated that certain personality traits shape consumer sentiments. Generally speaking, in the context of foreign consumption, there is an enhanced link between personality traits and purchase intention via the mediating role of consumer sentiments. Theoretical and managerial implications are also discussed.

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) in the Psychological Sciences

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Shero ◽  
Sara Ann Hart
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Educational Administration ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Organizational Management ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Component Skills ◽  
Using Data

Using methods like linear regression or latent variable models, researchers are often interested in maximizing explained variance and identifying the importance of specific variables within their models. These models are useful for understanding general ideas and trends, but often give limited insight into the individuals within said models. Data envelopment analysis (DEA), is a method with roots in organizational management that make such insights possible. Unlike models mentioned above, DEA does not explain variance. Instead, it explains how efficiently an individual utilizes their inputs to produce outputs, and identifies which input is not being utilized optimally. This paper provides readers with a brief history and past usages of DEA from organizational management, public health, and educational administration fields, while also describing the underlying math and processes behind said model. This paper then extends the usage of this method into the psychology field using two separate studies. First, using data from the Project KIDS dataset, DEA is demonstrated using a simple view of reading framework identifying individual efficiency levels in using reading-based skills to achieve reading comprehension, determining which skills are being underutilized, and classifying and comparing new subsets of readers. Three new subsets of readers were identified using this method, with direct implications leading to more targeted interventions. Second, DEA was used to measure individuals’ efficiency in regulating aggressive behavior given specific personality traits or related skills. This study found that despite comparable levels of component skills and personality traits, significant differences were found in efficiency to regulate aggressive behavior on the basis of gender and feelings of provocation.

Gender and Organizational Conflict Management: The Mediating Role of Personality

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Kościelniak ◽  
Jarosław Piotrowski ◽  
Magdalena Żemojtel-Piotrowska
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Management ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Conflict Behavior ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Conflict Management Styles ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Big Five Model

Many authors examined the interplay between gender and conflict management preferences, but those findings were often mixed and inconsistent. In the current paper we tried to explain those inconsistencies by investigating the mediating role of personality for the relationship of gender and conflict management. Rahim's inventory was used for identifying five conflict management styles, and Big Five Model theory was a base for assessing participants' personality traits. Data were collected from a sample of 1,055 working Poles (52.7% women), in an online survey. Based on the structural equation modeling we detected multiple indirect mediating paths of gender on conflict management via personality traits, while no direct effect of gender was observed. Despite some limitations, the study sheds light on the actual role of gender in conflict behavior and the importance of personality traits in the conflict management, both from a theoretical and practical perspective.

Social comparison orientation and mental health: The mediating role of psychological capital

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoliang Yang ◽  
Zhihua Wang ◽  
Weijiong Wu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Comparison ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Comparison Orientation ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Little is known about the relationship between social comparison orientation and mental health, especially in the psychological capital context. We proposed a theoretical model to examine the impact of ability- and opinion-based social comparison orientation on mental health using data from 304 undergraduates. We also examined the mediating effect of the four psychological capital components of hope, self-efficacy, resilience, and optimism in the relationship between social comparison orientation and mental health. Results show that an ability (vs. opinion) social comparison orientation was negatively (vs. positively) related to the psychological capital components. Further, the resilience and optimism components of psychological capital fully mediated the social comparison orientation–mental health relationship. Our findings indicate that psychological capital should be considered in the promotion of mental health, and that the two social comparison orientation types have opposite effects on psychological capital.

Measurement invariance of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale in parents of individuals with disabilities

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Eun-Young Park ◽  
Joungmin Kim
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Invariance Model

We aimed to verify the factor model and measurement invariance of the abbreviated Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale by conducting a confirmatory factor analysis using data from 761 parents of individuals with intellectual disabilities who completed the scale as part of the 2011 Survey on the Actual Conditions of Individuals with Developmental Disabilities, South Korea, and 7,301 participants from the general population who completed the scale as part of the 2011 Welfare Panel Study and Survey by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, South Korea. We used fit indices to assess data reliability and Amos 22.0 for data analysis. According to the results, the 4-factor model had an appropriate fit to the data and the regression coefficients were significant. However, the chi-square difference test result was nonsignificant; therefore, the metric invariance model was the most appropriate measurement invariance model for the data. Implications of the findings are discussed.

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