Results on the survival of cryptobiotic cyanobacteria samples after exposure to Mars-like environmental conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. -P. de Vera ◽  
S. Dulai ◽  
A. Kereszturi ◽  
L. Koncz ◽  
A. Lorek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Atmospheric Composition ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
Pressure Variable ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Desert Areas ◽  
Original Habitat ◽  
First Time

AbstractTests on cyanobacteria communities embedded in cryptobiotic crusts collected in hot and cold deserts on Earth were performed under Mars-like conditions. The simulations were realized as a survey, to find the best samples for future research. During the tests organisms have to resist Mars-like conditions such as atmospheric composition, pressure, variable humidity (saturated and dry conditions) and partly strong UV irradiation. Organisms were tested within their original habitat inside the crust. Nearly half of the cryptobiotic samples from various sites showed survival of a substantial part of their coexisting organisms. The survival in general depended more on the nature of the original habitat and type of the sample than on the different conditions they were exposed to. The best survival was observed in samples from United Arab Emirates (Jebel Ali, 25 km SW of Dubai town) and from Western Australia (near the South edge of Lake Barley), by taxa: Tolypothrix byssoidea, Gloeocapsopsis pleurocapsoides, Nostoc microscopicum, Leptolyngbya or Symploca sp. At both places in salty desert areas members of the Chenopodiaceae family dominated among the higher plants and in the cryptobiotic crust cyanobacterial taxa Tolypothrix was dominant. These organisms were all living in salty locations with dry conditions most of the year. Among them Tolypothrix, Gloeocapsopsis and Symploca sp. were tested in Mars simulation chambers for the first time. The results suggest that extremophiles should be tested with taken into account the context of their original microenvironment, and also the importance to analyse communities of microbes beside single organisms.

A Bibliometric Review on Outcome-Based Learning for Graduate Employability: Mapping the Research Front

2021 ◽  
pp. 002205742110164
Author(s):  
Mohammad Zahir Raihan ◽  
Md. Abul Kalam Azad
Keyword(s):  
Research Trend ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Front ◽  
Important Research ◽  
R Software ◽  
Future Research Agenda ◽  
Graduate Employability ◽  
Important Research Topic ◽  
Bibliometric Review ◽  
First Time

The outcome-based learning for graduate employability in higher education has been an important research topic among the policymakers, academicians, and researchers over the years. Yet, no bibliometric review on this topic has been published. This study, for the first time, examines bibliometric analysis on this topic examining current research trend and future research agenda. The bibliometrix package in R software and VOSviewer software are used for visualization and interpretation of results. A content analysis is performed to manually examine the bibliometric results.

Tourism research for the GCC region: Current status and future research directions

2021 ◽  
pp. 135481662199996
Author(s):  
Ali Salman Saleh ◽  
Charbel Bassil ◽  
Arsalan Safari
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Regional Tourism ◽  
Research Theme ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Impact

Tourism in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries has recently been considered by policymakers as a new avenue for economic diversification. Despite the considerable literature concerning the impact of tourism worldwide, only a limited number of studies have looked at the tourism sector in the GCC region or analyzed its economic, sociocultural, and environmental impacts. This article therefore conducts a systematic review of the state of the literature related to tourism in the GCC region. It provides effective insights about the current status, gaps, and challenges and proposes future research directions in this area for academics, practitioners, and policymakers with an interest in regional tourism development. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses approach was used to identify and select the papers. Some 23 papers were identified and analyzed. The majority of these studies focused on the United Arab Emirates, specifically the Dubai emirate. We found the most dominant research theme to be tourism planning.

scholarly journals Exploring Secondary Metabolite Profiles of Stachybotrys spp. by LC-MS/MS

Toxins ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika Jagels ◽  
Viktoria Lindemann ◽  
Sebastian Ulrich ◽  
Christoph Gottschalk ◽  
Benedikt Cramer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Structural Modifications ◽  
Metabolite Profiles ◽  
The Individual ◽  
First Time ◽  
Analytical Standards ◽  
Respective Species

The genus Stachybotrys produces a broad diversity of secondary metabolites, including macrocyclic trichothecenes, atranones, and phenylspirodrimanes. Although the class of the phenylspirodrimanes is the major one and consists of a multitude of metabolites bearing various structural modifications, few investigations have been carried out. Thus, the presented study deals with the quantitative determination of several secondary metabolites produced by distinct Stachybotrys species for comparison of their metabolite profiles. For that purpose, 15 of the primarily produced secondary metabolites were isolated from fungal cultures and structurally characterized in order to be used as analytical standards for the development of an LC-MS/MS multimethod. The developed method was applied to the analysis of micro-scale extracts from 5 different Stachybotrys strains, which were cultured on different media. In that process, spontaneous dialdehyde/lactone isomerization was observed for some of the isolated secondary metabolites, and novel stachybotrychromenes were quantitatively investigated for the first time. The metabolite profiles of Stachybotrys species are considerably influenced by time of growth and substrate availability, as well as the individual biosynthetic potential of the respective species. Regarding the reported adverse effects associated with Stachybotrys growth in building environments, combinatory effects of the investigated secondary metabolites should be addressed and the role of the phenylspirodrimanes re-evaluated in future research.

scholarly journals Deservingness for "Family 500 +" Benefit in Poland: Qualitative Study of Internet Debates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Michoń
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
Online Forums ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Social Surveys ◽  
Cash Benefit ◽  
Internet Forums ◽  
Welfare Attitudes ◽  
New Criterion ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe need for qualitative research of deservingness perception is strongly emphasised in the literature. This article studies the perception of deservingness for a "Family 500 +"—cash benefit in Poland. For the first time, data from online forums was used in the studies of deservingness and welfare attitudes. It allowed to avoid numerous limitations associated with social surveys. The qualitative analysis showed how participants of Internet debates perceive the criteria of deservingness: control, attitude, reciprocity, identity, need, and what are the relations between the criteria. The impurity of all deservingness criteria was indicated and a new criterion “adequacy” was proposed. Moreover due to the fact that the study concerned a concrete, non-abstract family cash benefit addressed the relationship between the perceived deservingness of children and their parents was pointed out. The vast majority of posts on Internet forums referred to deservingness of parents, not children. This is particularly evident in relation to the criteria of control and reciprocity. Presenting the hypothesis of jealousy and scapegoat strategy, the article also shows the direction of future research on deservingness.

Migrants in Medieval England, c. 500-c. 1500

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Art History ◽  
Historical Linguistics ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Medieval England ◽  
Medieval Studies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
First Time

This book is a ground-breaking study of the phenomenon of migration in and to England over the medieval millennium, between c. AD 500 and c. AD 1500. It reaches across traditional scholarly divides, both disciplinary and chronological, to investigate, for the first time, the different types of data and scholarly methods that reveal evidence of migration and mobility within the medieval kingdom of England. England offers the opportunity for studying migration and migrants over the longue durée, because it has been a recognisable political unit for over a millennium and because a wealth of source material has survived from these centuries. The data vary unevenly in quality and quantity across this period, but become considerably more powerful through multi-disciplinary approaches to data collection and interpretation. Fifteen subject specialists synthesise and extend recent research in a wide range of disciplines, including archaeology, art history, genetics, historical linguistics, history, literature and onomastics. They evaluate the capacity of different genres of evidence for addressing questions around migration and its effects on the identities of groups and individuals within medieval England, as well as methodological parameters and future research potential. The book therefore marks an important contribution to medieval studies, and to modern debates on migration and the free movement of people, arguing that migration in the modern world, and its reverberations, cannot be completely understood without taking a broad historical perspective on the topic.

Opportunities for improving how and when Canadians are informed about new prescription medications

2020 ◽  
pp. 427-447
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Prescription Medications ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Risks And Benefits ◽  
Medication Information ◽  
First Time ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Larger Sample

The Canadian prescription process requires a person to go through several steps. Prescription medications have associated risks and benefits and it is important for people to be aware of these before and while they are taking medications. One of the approaches to informing people about new prescription medications is that they are provided Consumer Medication Information (CMI). CMI is given to Canadians at the pharmacy when they pick up prescriptions, they will be taking for the first time. This study used semi-structured interviews to examine the lived experiences of a sample of Canadians (N = 36) to identify opportunities for improvement in how and when they are informed about new prescription medications. The findings were synthesized into a journey map. Generally, participants wanted to receive CMI digitally and earlier in the prescription process. Adopting these changes could have several benefits which include loss prevention and increased accessibility to CMI as well as more participatory decision making and opportunities to ask questions. Future research is warranted to explore similar topics with a larger sample and determine what method (e.g., email, website, mobile application) would be most suitable.

scholarly journals Drivers’ Perceptions of Functionality Implied by Terms Used to Describe Automation in Vehicles

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 1893-1897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Nees
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
Automated Vehicle ◽  
Human Driver ◽  
Trust In Automation ◽  
Vehicle Automation ◽  
First Time

The expectations induced by the labels used to describe vehicle automation are important to understand, because research has shown that expectations can affect trust in automation even before a person uses the system for the first time. An online sample of drivers rated the perceived division of driving responsibilities implied by common terms used to describe automation. Ratings of 13 terms were made on a scale from 1 (“human driver is entirely responsible”) to 7 (“vehicle is entirely responsible”) for three driving tasks (steering, accelerating/braking, and monitoring). In several instances, the functionality implied by automation terms did not match the technical definitions of the terms and/or the actual capabilities of the automated vehicle functions currently described by the terms. These exploratory findings may spur and guide future research on this under-examined topic.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF 3D SPATIO-TEMPORAL DATA MODELING, MANAGEMENT, AND ANALYSIS IN DB4GEO

2016 ◽  
Vol IV-2/W1 ◽  
pp. 163-170
Author(s):  
P. V. Kuper ◽  
M. Breunig ◽  
M. Al-Doori ◽  
A. Thomsen
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Reservoir Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Temporal Data ◽  
Temporal Dimension ◽  
Geospatial Database ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Temporal Objects

Many of today´s world wide challenges such as climate change, water supply and transport systems in cities or movements of crowds need spatio-temporal data to be examined in detail. Thus the number of examinations in 3D space dealing with geospatial objects moving in space and time or even changing their shapes in time will rapidly increase in the future. Prominent spatio-temporal applications are subsurface reservoir modeling, water supply after seawater desalination and the development of transport systems in mega cities. All of these applications generate large spatio-temporal data sets. However, the modeling, management and analysis of 3D geo-objects with changing shape and attributes in time still is a challenge for geospatial database architectures. In this article we describe the application of concepts for the modeling, management and analysis of 2.5D and 3D spatial plus 1D temporal objects implemented in DB4GeO, our service-oriented geospatial database architecture. An example application with spatio-temporal data of a landfill, near the city of Osnabrück in Germany demonstrates the usage of the concepts. Finally, an outlook on our future research focusing on new applications with big data analysis in three spatial plus one temporal dimension in the United Arab Emirates, especially the Dubai area, is given.

scholarly journals TAXONOMICAL CONSIDERATIONS, PHYLOGENY, PALEOGEOGRAPHY AND PALEOCLIMATOLOGY OF THE MIDDLE EOCENE (BARTONIAN) PLANKTIC FORAMINIFERA FROM JABAL HAFIT, AL AIN AREA, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-20
Author(s):  
Haidar Salim Anan
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Present Author ◽  
Middle Eocene ◽  
Planktic Foraminifera ◽  
Oman Mountains ◽  
Foraminiferal Species ◽  
Al Ain ◽  
Eastern Limb ◽  
First Time

The taxonomical consideration, probable phylogeny and stratigraphic significance of twenty-eight middle Eocene (Bartonian) planktic foraminiferal species from the eastern limb of Jabal Hafit, Al Ain area, United Arab Emirates (UAE), Northern Oman Mountains (NOM) are presented, and twenty one of them are illustrated. Identification of these twenty-eight species belonging to ten genera Globoturborotalia, Subbotina, Globigerinatheka, Inordinatosphaera, Orbulinoides, Hantkenina, Acarinina, Morozovelloides, Pseudohastigerina and Turborotalia has led to the recognition of three biostratigraphic zones, in ascending order: Morozovelloides lehneri PRZ (E11), Orbulinoides beckmanni TRZ (E12) and Morozovelloides crassata HOZ (E13). Eight out of the identified species are recorded, in this study, for the first time from Jabal Hafit: Globoturborotalia martini, Subbotina gortanii, S. jacksonensis, S. senni, Globigerinatheca barri, Acarinina praetopilensis, A. punctocarinata and Morozovelloides bandyi. The second or third record of three species from J. Hafit outside its original records are recently documented by the present author: Inordinatosphaera indica, Hantkenina australis and H. compressa. The paleontology, paleoclimatology and paleogeographic distribution of the identified taxa at Jabal Hafit and other Paleogene outcrops in the UAE and Tethys are presented and discussed. The identified fauna emphasis the wide geographic areas in the Tethys, from Atlantic to Indian-Pacific Oceans via Mediterranean.

scholarly journals Unpacking Associations between Mood Symptoms and Screen Time in Preadolescents: A Network Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sin-Ying Lin ◽  
Nicholas R Eaton ◽  
Jessica L. Schleider
Keyword(s):  
Graphical Models ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Parental Monitoring ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mood Symptoms ◽  
Symptom Profiles ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Symptom Level ◽  
First Time

Mounting evidence highlights the link between screen time and adolescent mood problems. However, there are several shortcomings to the extant literature: (1) this link is relatively underexplored in preadolescents, (2) most existing studies look at mood problems using categorical diagnoses rather than from a symptom-level perspective, despite the heterogeneity within mood disorders, (3) few studies have simultaneously examined the links of mood symptoms with different types of screen time, and (4) family/child-level factors that have shown links to youth psychopathology are not typically considered. This study, for the first time, examined the relationships of mood symptoms with different types of screen time, while accounting for theoretically important factors—parental monitoring and the behavioral inhibition/activation systems (BIS/BAS)—in preadolescents aged 9 to 10 from 9,986 families participating in the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development Study. Using mixed graphical models, we found that screen time involving age-inappropriate content was stably and significantly associated with various elevated mood symptoms, independent from other types of screen time, BIS/BAS, and parental monitoring. Additionally, age-inappropriate screen time was associated with increased overall symptom connectivity. Further, preadolescents engaged in high levels of age-inappropriate screen time reported different symptom profiles (i.e., differences in symptom centralities) from common pediatric mood problems. Our findings underline the multifaceted role (i.e., direct associations with symptoms, a moderator for symptom relationships, associations with distinct symptom profiles) of age-inappropriate screen time in preadolescent mood problems. These findings serve as foundations for future research that may facilitate early detection of preadolescents at risk of mood problems.

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