State-Technologist Nexus in Taiwan's High-Tech Policymaking: Semiconductor and Wireless Communications Industries

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen-Dong Tso
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communications ◽  
Semiconductor Industry ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Effective Intervention ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Newly Industrializing Countries ◽  
Political Economies ◽  
State Bureaucracy

The literature on East Asia's political economies identifies cohesive state bureaucracy and its effective intervention in the market as the key factors that have enabled the East Asian economic miracle and that differentiate the success of East Asian newly industrializing countries (NICs) from the failure of other developing countries. However, the sharply diverging growth trajectories of the Taiwanese semiconductor and wireless communications industries show that cohesive state bureaucracy and its effective intervention are not the generic trait of the Taiwanese developmental state, repeatedly found across industries and through time. On the contrary, the scope, depth, and coherence of state intervention are a variable rather than a constant. The semiconductor industry had an activist state promoting its growth from its very inception, whereas the wireless communications industry has failed to acquire consistent state support. Explaining the variation of state intervention requires not only an analysis of the state apparatus but also a study of its institutional links to the industry. This article develops an institutional explanation of the Taiwanese state's differing roles in promoting the semiconductor and wireless communications industries, but it differentiates itself from the existing literature of the developmental state and network theories by privileging the role of overseas technologists in influencing the scope, depth, and coherence of state intervention in two industries.

scholarly journals Redesign or demise of old Developmental States? East Asia in the post-financial crisis of 2008

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 689-711
Author(s):  
Roberta Rodrigues Marques da Silva ◽  
Rafael Shoenmann de Moura
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
Central Feature ◽  
Developmental States ◽  
Institutional Frameworks ◽  
The Us ◽  
Political Economies ◽  
Systemic Crisis ◽  
Developmental Dynamics

ABSTRACT This article investigates comparatively the recent developmental dynamics of four East Asian political economies: Japan, South Korea, Taiwan and China. We analyze how the critical juncture engendered by the systemic crisis of the US subprime impacted on its State capabilities, particularly regarding industrial policy, being mediated by the respective regulatory and institutional frameworks. Additionally, we compare the impacts of the 2008 crisis and the previous Asian regional crisis of 1997. Our findings indicate that State capabilities, associated to the historical construction of a Developmental State, were a central feature to understand the resilience of each political economy.

scholarly journals The Concept of a ‘Developmental State’ in Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
pp. 823-841
Author(s):  
Ha-Joon Chang ◽  
Jostein Hauge
Keyword(s):  
East Asian ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Development Project ◽  
State Model ◽  
The Past ◽  
Rapid Economic Growth ◽  
Intellectual Influence ◽  
Ruling Party

Ethiopia’s rapid economic growth over the past decade, state intervention in the economy, and focus on industrialization are prompting characterizations of Ethiopia as a developmental state. This chapter discusses the concept of a developmental state in Ethiopia with reference to the East Asian developmental state model. It suggests that the Ethiopian state draws inspiration from the East Asian developmental state model in many ways. There is a strong ‘East Asian’ intellectual influence on prominent political figures in Ethiopia, the Ethiopian state intervenes heavily in the market, and it has a strong developmental vision to be achieved through industrialization. However, in other ways, the Ethiopian development model differs from the East Asian developmental state model. Public support for the state’s development project is somewhat fragile and fragmented, and the Ethiopian bureaucracy does not have much power or independence from the ruling party.

State structure and economic adjustment of the East Asian newly industrializing countries

1989 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 647-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-han Chu
Keyword(s):  
East Asian ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
State Structure ◽  
Economic Adjustment ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
Newly Industrializing Countries ◽  
State Involvement ◽  
Industrial Adjustment ◽  
Common Problems ◽  
Adjustment Strategies

An analysis of the economic adjustment policies of Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan during the 1970s and 1980s shows that these East Asian newly industrializing countries (NICs), which faced common problems in sustaining their recent industrial growth, responded to the challenge with industrial adjustment strategies that differed in their degree of intensity of state involvement and emphasis on national control. To explain this divergence in adjustment strategies, the article explores the variations in the national political structures of the four NICs and focuses particularly on three aspects of state structure: the organization of the economic bureaucracy, the institutional links between the state and private sector, and the larger state-society relations. The article demonstrates the usefulness of moving beyond the generalizations of the “developmental state” view by carefully disaggregating these aspects of state structure and by exploring the ordering logic that gives coherence to them.

scholarly journals The start-up state: Governing urbanised capitalism

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 532-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami Moisio ◽  
Ugo Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
The State ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Urban Economies ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Political Economies

This paper assesses the mutating role of the state in today’s flourishing technology hubs in major cities and metropolitan areas across the globe through a comparative lens. Conventional wisdom associates the contemporary phenomenon of high-tech urbanism with minimum state intervention. In public as well as in scholarly debates, technology-intensive urban economies are customarily portrayed as a phenomenon whose formative creativity and ethos stems from an essentially post-political nature. As these economies emerge, thanks to the cooperative dynamism of urban societies, political governments are considered merely as coordinators of inter-actor relationships, particularly as managers or orchestrators of innovative ‘business ecosystems’ and ‘platforms’. We, in turn, suggest that today’s emergence of technology-based economies in a selected circle of major cities and metropolitan areas is an inherently political phenomenon, as it is closely linked to what we call the strategic urbanisation of the state. Looking at the trajectories of Finland and Italy during the post-recession decade of the 2010s, we disclose the state-driven selective mobilisation of urban economies as a response to the low-growth present of national political economies. In doing so, we argue that the entrepreneurialisation of selected urban locations cannot be understood without considering the qualitatively transformed roles of the local and national states. The coming together of entrepreneurialist and urbanising state strategies disclose a shift towards a start-up state whose distinctive features differ qualitatively from those of both the investment-oriented late-Keynesian entrepreneurial state and the decentralised local economic governance envisaged by today’s city-innovation theorists.

scholarly journals Erosion of A Developmental State: A Case Study of South Korea's Semiconductor Industry

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-59
Author(s):  
Jiyoung Kim ◽  
Eun Mee Kim
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Semiconductor Industry ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
The State ◽  
Private Business ◽  
State Sector ◽  
Newly Industrializing Countries ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
The 1960S

This paper examines the development of South Korea's semiconductor industry from its inception in the 1960s to the present, focusing on erosion of the developmental state and changes in the state-business relationship. The semiconductor industry in South Korea is another showcase of South Korea’s remarkable economic development in the 20th century. However, showing that it was not the state sector, but the private business groups that took the initiatives and played a leading role in the development of the semiconductor industry in South Korea, the paper challenges the developmental state theory's contention that the developmental state was most pronounced in South Korea even among its peers in East Asian newly industrializing countries.

scholarly journals The Influence of R&D Intensity on Financial Performance: The Mediating Role of Human Capital in the Semiconductor Industry in Taiwan

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 5128
Author(s):  
Tsung-Chun Chen ◽  
Yenchun Jim Wu
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Intangible Assets ◽  
Semiconductor Industry ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
High Tech ◽  
The Relationship

Knowledge transfer is a strategy used by high-tech companies to acquire new knowledge and skills. Knowledge can be internally generated or externally sourced. The access to external knowledge is a quick fix, but the risks associated with reliance on external sources are often overlooked. However, not acquiring such knowledge is even riskier. There have been a slew of litigations in the semiconductor industry in recent years. The acquisition and assurance of intangible assets is an important issue. This paper posits that internal R&D should take into consideration the knowledge intensity and capital investment in the industry. This study focuses on the relationship between intangible assets and financial performance. It sourced the 2004 to 2016 financial data of semiconductor companies in Taiwan for panel data modeling and examined case studies for empirical validation. This study found that the higher the R&D intensity (RDI) in the value-added component of human capital, the better the financial performance of the company. RDI has a positive influence on the accumulation of human capital and financial performance metrics, and such influence is deferred. Meanwhile, human capital is a mediating factor in the relationship between RDI and financial performance. RDI is integral to the semiconductor industry’s pursuit of business sustainability.

scholarly journals An East Asian Approach to Rural Development: A Comparative of the Saemaul Undong and FELDA Programs

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-98
Author(s):  
Nurliana Kamaruddin
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
National Development ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Federal Land ◽  
Northeast Asian

The study of East Asia has generally focused on its national development experience with emphasis given to industrial urban-based growth. However, the region has also been credited for impressive rural growth due to the Northeast Asian land reform and overall investment for a Green Revolution by states. Less emphasis has been given to a comparative exploration of different rural development programs that existed. Studies on rural development programs within the region have been diverse with case-specific perspectives, rather than in accordance with a unified conceptualization of what it means to have successful rural development. This article attempts to address that gap by evaluating two cases, the South Korean Saemaul Undong and the Malaysian Federal Land Development Authority (FELDA). It applies three different development perspectives; the neoliberal approach, the developmental state approach, and the humancentered approach, to determine the degree to which these programs can be considered successful. An East Asian conceptualization of successful rural development is identified based on an emphasis on government capacity, grassroots participation, a shared mentality for national development and a prioritization on building human capital.

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