Comparing the performance of Holstein and Friesian dairy cows on British dairy farms

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 ◽  
pp. 18-18
Author(s):  
G. E. Pollott ◽  
J. D. Leaver
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Friesian Cows

In recent years there has been an influx of Holstein genes into the UK dairy herd, largely achieved by a ‘grading up’ process using imported Holstein semen on Friesian cows. The research reported here investigates this process using performance records from UK dairy herds.

The effects of feeding a polymer gel to dairy cows in early lactation

1993 ◽  
Vol 1993 ◽  
pp. 95-95
Author(s):  
P.C. Garnsworthy
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Polymer Gel ◽  
Main Experiment ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Uk

A polymer of acrylic acid has been used continuously on a number of dairy farms throughout the UK for the past five years. The polymer is fed as a gel and absorbs 100 times its own weight of water. Commercial farmers report that the polymer allows them to reduce concentrate allowances whilst maintaining milk yields. The results of an experiment with grazing cows in late lactation were reported to this meeting in 1988. It was found that the polymer did not affect milk yield but caused a significant increase in the rate at which cows laid down body reserves.There is a lack of experimental evidence to support the commercial findings for cows in early lactation and little information on the mode of action. The main experiment reported here was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding a polymer gel to dairy cows in early lactation and in vitro studies were performed to investigate the mode of action.

The responses of high and medium merit dairy cows to diets differing in grass silage: concentrate ratios, during early lactation

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 5-5
Author(s):  
C.P. Ferris ◽  
F.J. Gordon ◽  
D.C. Patterson ◽  
C.S. Mayne
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Genetic Merit ◽  
The Past ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
Feeding Systems

The genetic merit of the UK dairy herd is increasing rapidly and this trend is likely to continue for the forseeable future. With cows of higher milk yield potential and higher nutrient requirements, feeding systems developed in the past with medium genetic merit animals, may now need to be adapted to meet the needs of high genetic merit animals if nutrition x genotype interactions exist. This would be particularly true to increasing proportion of concentrates in grass silage based diets. This study was undertaken to compare the milk yield responses of high and medium merit dairy cows.

scholarly journals Molecular epidemiology and extended-spectrum β-lactamases production of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from three dairy herds

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 855-859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego B. Nóbrega ◽  
Marcos V.S. Guiduce ◽  
Felipe F. Guimarães ◽  
Danilo F. Riboli ◽  
Maria L.R.S. Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
M Gene ◽  
Waiting Room ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Bulk Tank ◽  
Cattle Herds

The objectives of this study were to isolate Klebsiella pneumoniae from different sources in three dairy cattle herds, to use the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) to measure genotypic similarities between isolates within a dairy herd, to verify the production of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) by the double-disk synergy test (DDST), and to use the PCR to detect the main ESBLs subgroups genes. Three dairy farms were selected based on previous mastitis outbreaks caused by K. pneumoniae. Milk samples were collected from lactating cows and from the bulk tank. Swabs were performed in different locations, including milking parlors, waiting room, soil, animal's hind limbs and rectum. K. pneumoniae was isolated from 27 cases of intramammary infections (IMI) and from 41 swabs. For farm A isolates from IMI and bulk tank were considered of the same PGFE subtype. One isolate from a bulk tank, three from IMI cases and four from environmental samples were positive in the DDST test. All eight DDST positive isolates harbored the bla shv gene, one harbored the bla tem gene, and three harbored the bla ctx-m gene, including the bulk tank isolate. Our study confirms that ESBL producing bacteria is present in different locations in dairy farms, and may be responsible for IMI. The detection of ESBLs on dairy herds could be a major concern for both public and animal health.

The incidence of lameness in a group of dairy herds in England

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 221-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Kossaibati ◽  
R.J. Esslemont
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Present Survey ◽  
Veterinary Surgeons ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
The Uk

Lameness causes significant economic losses and serious welfare problems in dairy cows. Surveys carried out in the UK since 1960 have produced different results. In a recent survey (1989/1991) the annual incidence of lameness was put at 54.6 limb cases per 100 cows. The objective of the present survey was to measure the incidence of lameness, and type of lesions involved, in a group of typical UK herds using the Dairy Information System (DAISY).A survey was carried out using computer based dairy cow records from 17 DAISY sites (veterinary practices and farms) in southern England. Lameness records from over 150 herds were examined for lameness cases (treated by the vet or farmer) recorded between July 1995 and June 1996. Data reliability was checked via personal contacts with veterinary surgeons involved with these herds. Data for the survey were finally derived from 50 Holstein/Friesian herds (average herd size 150 cows).

scholarly journals Repetition of estrus is the most frequent reproductive problem after breeding in dairy cattle from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Kenji Nunes Arashiro ◽  
Hugo Libonati ◽  
Gustavo Bervian dos Santos ◽  
Luiz Altamiro Garcia Nogueira ◽  
Guilherme Nunes de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Breeding System ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Reproductive Disorders ◽  
Reproductive Management ◽  
Reproductive Disorder ◽  
Reproductive Problem

ABSTRACT: Reproductive efficiency is one of the key elements for any milk production system to be successful. In this regard, reproductive management must be planned properly and the identification of the main reproductive disorders that affect the herd is primordial for decision-making. The aim of the present study was to identify the main reproductive problems that affect dairy herds on Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. Data regarding breed, age, reproductive disorder occurrence, and breeding system were individually collected from dairy cows raised at 25 farms located at RJ. The occurrence of reproductive disorders was reported in 37% of the studied animals. Estrous repetition (76.2%) and abortion (15.6%) were the most frequent reproductive problems reported. Estrous repetition was more common in older animals (>6 years old). However, an association between abortion and age of animal was not observed, nor an association between breeding system and occurrence of abortion. The present results demonstrated that estrous repetition is the main obstacle to the reproductive efficiency in dairy herds at RJ, and that the replace of older cows by heifers is an important point within reproductive management of a dairy herd.

An examination of the metabolizable energy requirements of lactating dairy cows

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 197-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.B. Cammell ◽  
M.S. Dhanoa ◽  
D.E. Beever ◽  
J.D. Sutton ◽  
J. France
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Mathematical Treatment ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Friesian Cows

The last 4 decades has seen considerable research effort directed towards quantifying the energy requirements of dairy cows. The partitioning of food energy and the efficiencies with which it is used for maintenance (km) and milk production (kl) have been subjected to scrutiny through either individual animal studies or mathematical treatment of data pools, and in consequence several rationing systems have been proposed. Since 1992, CEDAR has undertaken research involving a series of rations fed to lactating Holstein-Friesian cows where energy and nitrogen balances have been conducted simultaneous with gaseous exchange. The purpose of this study was to consider this data in order to establish if either the cows or diets currently being used in the UK have any effect on maintenance metabolizable energy [ME] requirements or the efficiency with which ME is utilised to support milk synthesis.

scholarly journals Animal Welfare Assessment: Can We Develop a Practical, Time-Limited Assessment Protocol for Pasture-Based Dairy Cows in New Zealand?

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1918
Author(s):  
Sujan Sapkota ◽  
Richard Laven ◽  
Kristina Müller ◽  
Nikki Kells
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Welfare Assessment ◽  
Assessment Protocol ◽  
Specific Protocol ◽  
Almost All ◽  
On Farm

Despite being a leading producer and exporter of dairy products, New Zealand has no industry-recognised welfare assessment protocol. A New Zealand-specific protocol is essential, as almost all dairy farms in New Zealand are pasture-based and housing is rarely used. Therefore, protocols developed for intensive cows are not suitable. The aim of this study was to develop a simple yet practical welfare assessment protocol that could be used to assess the welfare of a dairy herd during one visit timed to occur around milking. Six welfare assessment protocols and four studies of dairy cattle welfare assessments that had some focus on dairy cattle welfare at pasture were used, along with the New Zealand Dairy Cattle Code of Welfare, to identify potential assessments for inclusion in the protocol. Eighty-four potential assessments (20 record-based and 64 that needed assessing on-farm) were identified by this process of welfare assessments. After screening to exclude on-farm assessments that were not relevant, that had only limited practical application in pasture-based dairy cows or that required more time than available, 28 on-farm assessments remained, which were put together with the 20 record-based assessments and were tested for feasibility, practicality and time on two pasture-based dairy farms. Assessments were then identified as suitable, suitable after modification or not feasible. Suitable and modified assessments were then included in the final protocol alongside additional measures specific to New Zealand dairy farms. The final protocol included 24 on-farm assessments and eight record-based assessments. Further testing of these 32 assessments is needed on more dairy farms across New Zealand before the protocol can be used to routinely assess the welfare of dairy cows in New Zealand.

scholarly journals Dairy Woes in Wisconsin: What about the Amish?

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
John A. Cross
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
The State ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Impact

Wisconsin has steadily lost dairy farms for decades, yet the number of Amish dairy herds grew both numerically and proportionately into early 2018. Facing low milk prices, the overall rate of loss of dairy farms in Wisconsin accelerated since then. During 2019, the state lost over 1% of its dairy herds monthly, losing two to three herds daily. The expansion of Amish dairying also ended. Between April 1, 2018, when Wisconsin had 1,160 Amish dairy herds or 12.9% of the state's total, and November 1, 2019, the state lost 165 Amish herds. Losses are continuing.This paper focuses on the impact of the departure of many Amish farms from dairying, relying on examination of dairy producer licenses and a survey of bishops and ministers in Wisconsin's Amish church districts. The loss of Amish herds of dairy cows is greater than the overall departure of the Amish from dairying, inasmuch as the Amish have nearly doubled their milk goat herds over the past five years. Those settlements producing milk transported in cans have been more likely to leave dairying unless their community operates its own cheese factory. Yet dairying is declining in most Amish communities, other than in several recently established settlements. Expanding involvement in growing produce and in woodworking were seen.

The use of sexed semen in dairy herds

Livestock ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 282-286
Author(s):  
Mark Burnell
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Sexed Semen ◽  
Sorting Process ◽  
Sperm Sorting ◽  
The Uk

Artificial insemination of cattle became a commercial reality in 1936, and in 1952 the first calves were born as a result of freeze-thawed semen insemination. The long-held aspiration for pre determination of sex became a reality with the development of sperm sorting technology with the first female calves being born in the UK in 1999. While most breeding companies supply sexed semen sorted by the original flow cytometry method, Genus ABS have developed the method of sperm deactivation. Whatever the method sexing accuracy exceeds 90% and conception rates can be expected to be comparable to conventional semen but only when management is good and importantly there are considerable variations in the fertility of different bulls as a result of the sorting process. The use of sexed semen offers producers an opportunity to maximise the beef production from the dairy herd while accelerating genetic improvement.

The responses of high and medium merit dairy cows to diets differing in grass silage: concentrate ratios, during early lactation

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 5-5
Author(s):  
C.P. Ferris ◽  
F.J. Gordon ◽  
D.C. Patterson ◽  
C.S. Mayne
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Genetic Merit ◽  
The Past ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
Feeding Systems

The genetic merit of the UK dairy herd is increasing rapidly and this trend is likely to continue for the forseeable future. With cows of higher milk yield potential and higher nutrient requirements, feeding systems developed in the past with medium genetic merit animals, may now need to be adapted to meet the needs of high genetic merit animals if nutrition x genotype interactions exist. This would be particularly true to increasing proportion of concentrates in grass silage based diets. This study was undertaken to compare the milk yield responses of high and medium merit dairy cows.

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