Dual-band ambient energy harvesting systems based on metamaterials for self-powered indoorwireless sensor nodes

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Minh Thuy Le ◽  
Van Duc Ngo ◽  
Thanh Tung Nguyen ◽  
Quoc Cuong Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Power Management ◽  
Split Ring Resonator ◽  
Input Power ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Compact Size ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Energy Harvesting System ◽  
Self Powered

Abstract In this study, we present a comprehensive dual-band ambient radio-frequency (RF) energy harvesting system, consisting of rectenna and power management circuit, to harvest energy from 2.45 and 5.8 GHz Wi-Fi. The rectenna employs a metamaterial antenna based on a split-ring resonator, which possesses omni-directional radiation pattern at both frequencies and compact size (0.18λ × 0.25λ at 2.45 GHz). The dual-band rectifier yields the highest efficiency of 42% at 2.45 GHz and 1 dBm input power, 30% at 5.8 GHz and − 7 dBm input power. The maximum RF-DC efficiency for each band is 72% at − 5 dBm and 27% at − 2 dBm, respectively. The power management circuit, consisting of a storing capacitor and a boost converter, is integrated to produce a stable, sufficient output voltage. The energy harvesting system, with its comprehensiveness, is suitable for supplying low-power wireless sensor nodes for indoor applications.

scholarly journals Impedance Analysis and Optimization of Self-Powered Interface Circuit for Wireless Sensor Nodes Application

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Yuan Dong ◽  
Dezhi Li ◽  
Benjamin Ducharne ◽  
Xiaohui Wang ◽  
Jun Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Power Management ◽  
The Self ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Extraction ◽  
Wireless Sensor Node ◽  
Interface Circuit ◽  
Environment Temperature ◽  
Self Powered

Energy harvesting for self-powered wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is increasingly needed. In this paper, a self-powered WSN node scenario is proposed and realized by coupling the electric charge extraction interface circuit, power management module, and wireless communication module. Firstly, the output power of an optimized self-powered energy extraction circuit is compared with different energy extraction circuits under various loads and excitation amplitudes theoretically. Then, an energy-harvesting setup is established to validate the load-carrying capacity and working condition of the self-powered optimized synchronized switch harvesting on inductor (SP-OSSHI) circuit. It gives guidance to select and estimate the appropriate energy-consuming level for the sensor and modules. Finally, by connecting the energy-harvesting system, power management element, and sensing part together, a self-powered wireless sensor node is accomplished. Under 18 Hz resonant excitation, the whole self-powered system transmits 32 bytes of data every 30 seconds including the acceleration and environment temperature. This prototype strongly proves the feasibility of the self-powered WSN node. These research results have potential to be used in different application fields.

scholarly journals A Nonlinear Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting System for Self-Powered Wireless Sensor Nodes

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kankan Li ◽  
Xuefeng He ◽  
Xingchang Wang ◽  
Senlin Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Wireless Sensor Nodes ◽  
Interface Circuit ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvesting System ◽  
Self Powered ◽  
Nonlinear Interface

The Internet of things requires long-life wireless sensor nodes powered by the harvested energy from environments. This paper proposes a nonlinear electromagnetic energy harvesting system which may be used to construct fully self-powered wireless sensor nodes. Based on a nonlinear electromagnetic energy harvester (EMEH) with high output voltage, the model of a nonlinear interface circuit is derived and a power management circuit (PMC) is designed. The proposed PMC uses a buck–boost direct current-direct current (DC–DC) converter to match the load resistance of the nonlinear interface circuit. It includes two open-loop branches, which is beneficial to the optimization of the impedance matching. The circuit is able to work even if the stored energy is completely drained. The energy harvesting system successfully powered a wireless sensor node. Experimental results show that, under base excitations of 0.3 g and 0.4 g (where 1 g = 9.8 m·s−2) at 8 Hz, the charging efficiencies of the proposed circuit are 172% and 28.5% higher than that of the classic standard energy-harvesting (SEH) circuit. The experimental efficiency of the PMC is 41.7% under an excitation of 0.3 g at 8 Hz.

scholarly journals Design and Experimental Evaluation on an Advanced Multisource Energy Harvesting System for Wireless Sensor Nodes

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Li ◽  
Gaofei Zhang ◽  
Rui Ma ◽  
Zheng You
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Power Management ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Low Power Consumption ◽  
Wireless Sensor Nodes ◽  
Lithium Polymer Battery ◽  
Energy Harvesting System ◽  
Polymer Battery

An effective multisource energy harvesting system is presented as power supply for wireless sensor nodes (WSNs). The advanced system contains not only an expandable power management module including control of the charging and discharging process of the lithium polymer battery but also an energy harvesting system using the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) circuit with analog driving scheme for the collection of both solar and vibration energy sources. Since the MPPT and the power management module are utilized, the system is able to effectively achieve a low power consumption. Furthermore, a super capacitor is integrated in the system so that current fluctuations of the lithium polymer battery during the charging and discharging processes can be properly reduced. In addition, through a simple analog switch circuit with low power consumption, the proposed system can successfully switch the power supply path according to the ambient energy sources and load power automatically. A practical WSNs platform shows that efficiency of the energy harvesting system can reach about 75–85% through the 24-hour environmental test, which confirms that the proposed system can be used as a long-term continuous power supply for WSNs.

A self-powered ultra-low-power intermittent-control SSHI circuit for piezoelectric energy harvesting

Circuit World ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoda Wang ◽  
Ping Li ◽  
Yumei Wen ◽  
Zhichun Luo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Input Power ◽  
Control Circuit ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting ◽  
Intermittent Control ◽  
Ultra Low Power ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cold Starting ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Self Powered

Purpose Existing control circuits for piezoelectric energy harvesting (PEH) suffers from long startup time or high power consumption. This paper aims to design an ultra-low power control circuit that can harvest weak ambient vibrational energy on the order of several microwatts to power heavy loads such as wireless sensors. Design/methodology/approach A self-powered control circuit is proposed, functioning for very brief periods at the maximum power point, resulting in a low duty cycle. The circuit can start to function at low input power thresholds and can promptly achieve optimal operating conditions when cold-starting. The circuit is designed to be able to operate without stable DC power supply and powered by the piezoelectric transducers. Findings When using the series-synchronized switch harvesting on inductor circuit with a large 1 mF energy storage capacitor, the proposed circuit can perform 322% better than the standard energy harvesting circuit in terms of energy harvested. This control circuit can also achieve an ultra-low consumption of 0.3 µW, as well as capable of cold-starting with input power as low as 5.78 µW. Originality/value The intermittent control strategy proposed in this paper can drastically reduce power consumption of the control circuit. Without dedicated cold-start modules and DC auxiliary supply, the circuit can achieve optimal efficiency within one input cycle, if the input signal is larger than voltage threshold. The proposed control strategy is especially favorable for harvesting energy from natural vibrations and can be a promising solution for other PEH circuits as well.

scholarly journals Electrical power management and optimization with nonlinear energy harvesting structures

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Cai ◽  
Ryan L Harne
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Nonlinear Vibration ◽  
Power Management ◽  
Partial Information ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
System Level ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Amplitude Dependence ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Nonlinear Energy

In recent years, great advances in understanding the opportunities for nonlinear vibration energy harvesting systems have been achieved giving attention to either the structural or electrical subsystems. Yet, a notable disconnect appears in the knowledge on optimal means to integrate nonlinear energy harvesting structures with effective nonlinear rectifying and power management circuits for practical applications. Motivated to fill this knowledge gap, this research employs impedance principles to investigate power optimization strategies for a nonlinear vibration energy harvester interfaced with a bridge rectifier and a buck-boost converter. The frequency and amplitude dependence of the internal impedance of the harvester structure challenges the conventional impedance matching concepts. Instead, a system-level optimization strategy is established and validated through simulations and experiments. Through careful studies, the means to optimize the electrical power with partial information of the electrical load is revealed and verified in comparison to the full analysis. These results suggest that future study and implementation of optimal nonlinear energy harvesting systems may find effective guidance through power flow concepts built on linear theories despite the presence of nonlinearities in structures and circuits.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization and Development of Energy Harvesting Techniques Incorporated with Antennas: A Review Study

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 2772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Husam Hamid Ibrahim ◽  
Mandeep S. J. Singh ◽  
Samir Salem Al-Bawri ◽  
Mohammad Tariqul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Input Power ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Rf Energy ◽  
Self Powered ◽  
The Military

The investigation into new sources of energy with the highest efficiency which are derived from existing energy sources is a significant research area and is attracting a great deal of interest. Radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting is a promising alternative for obtaining energy for wireless devices directly from RF energy sources in the environment. An overview of the energy harvesting concept will be discussed in detail in this paper. Energy harvesting is a very promising method for the development of self-powered electronics. Many applications, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), smart environments, the military or agricultural monitoring depend on the use of sensor networks which require a large variety of small and scattered devices. The low-power operation of such distributed devices requires wireless energy to be obtained from their surroundings in order to achieve safe, self-sufficient and maintenance-free systems. The energy harvesting circuit is known to be an interface between piezoelectric and electro-strictive loads. A modern view of circuitry for energy harvesting is based on power conditioning principles that also involve AC-to-DC conversion and voltage regulation. Throughout the field of energy conversion, energy harvesting circuits often impose electric boundaries for devices, which are important for maximizing the energy that is harvested. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) is described as the ratio between the rectifier’s output DC power and the antenna-based RF-input power (before its passage through the corresponding network).

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