interface circuit
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Author(s):  
Mingyuan Ren ◽  
Huijing Yang ◽  
Beining Zhang ◽  
Guoxu Zheng

This paper constructs and simulates the interface circuit of a temperature sensor based on SMIC 0.18 [Formula: see text]m CMOS. The simulation results show that when the power supply voltage is 1.8 V, the chopper op-amp gain is 89.44 dB, the low-frequency noise is 71.83 nV/Hz,[Formula: see text] and the temperature coefficient of the core temperature sensitive circuit is 1.7808 mV/[Formula: see text]C. The sampling rate of 10-bit SAR ADC was 10 kS/s, effective bit was 9.0119, SNR was 59.3256 dB, SFDR was 68.7091 dB, and THD was −62.5859 dB. The measurement range of temperature sensor interface circuit is −50[Formula: see text]C[Formula: see text]C, the relative temperature measurement error is ±0.47[Formula: see text]C, the resolution is 0.2[Formula: see text]C/LSB, and the overall average power consumption is 434.9 [Formula: see text]W.


Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 7549
Author(s):  
Gabriel Bravo ◽  
Jesús M. Silva ◽  
Salvador A. Noriega ◽  
Erwin A. Martínez ◽  
Francisco J. Enríquez ◽  
...  

Heart rate (HR) is an essential indicator of health in the human body. It measures the number of times per minute that the heart contracts or beats. An irregular heartbeat can signify a severe health condition, so monitoring heart rate periodically can help prevent heart complications. This paper presents a novel wearable sensing approach for remote HR measurement by a compact resistance-to-microcontroller interface circuit. A heartbeat’s signal can be detected by a Force Sensing Resistor (FSR) attached to the body near large arteries (such as the carotid or radial), which expand their area each time the heart expels blood to the body. Depending on how the sensor interfaces with the subject, the FSR changes its electrical resistance every time a pulse is detected. By placing the FSR in a direct interface circuit, those resistance variations can be measured directly by a microcontroller without using either analog processing stages or an analog-to-digital converter. In this kind of interface, the self-heating of the sensor is avoided, since the FSR does not require any voltage or bias current. The proposed system has a sampling rate of 50 Sa/s, and an effective resolution of 10 bits (200 mΩ), enough for obtaining well-shaped cardiac signals and heart rate estimations in real time by the microcontroller. With this approach, the implementation of wearable systems in health monitoring applications is more feasible.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2121 (1) ◽  
pp. 012022
Author(s):  
Tao Feng ◽  
Lei Huang ◽  
Mingyu Guo ◽  
Zhen Xu ◽  
Guanghui Fu ◽  
...  

Abstract The resistance measurement system of thermal control device is mainly composed of four parts: fixture, interface circuit board, switches module and data acquisition system. The main contents of the system design are as follows: To make the system realize the automatic resistance measurement function of thermocouple, heating belt and heating plate, and improves the measurement speed and robustness of the software; To achieve the friendliness of human-machine interface; At room temperature, it can collect 40 output voltage signals of thermocouple, and judge whether the temperature collection of thermocouple is accurate or not.


Circuit World ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jitendra B. Zalke ◽  
Sandeepkumar R. Pandey ◽  
Ruchir V. Nandanwar ◽  
Atharva Sandeep Pande ◽  
Pravin Balu Nikam

Purpose The purpose of this research paper is to explore the possibility to enhance the power transfer from piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH) source to the load. As the proposed gyrator-induced voltage flip technique (GIVFT) does not require bulky components such as physical inductors, it is easily realizable in small integrated circuits (IC) package thereby offering performance benefits, reducing area overhead and providing cost benefits for constrained self-powered autonomous Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications. Design/methodology/approach This paper presents an inductorless interface circuit for PEH. The proposed technique is called GIVFT and is demonstrated using active elements. The authors use gyrator to induce voltage flip at the output side of PEH to enhance the charge extraction from PEH. The proposed technique uses the current-voltage (I-V) relationship of gyrator to get appropriate phasor response necessary to induce the voltage flip at the output of PEH to gain power transfer enhancement at the load. Findings The experimental results show the efficacy of the GIVFT realization for enhanced power extraction. The authors have compared their proposed design with popular earlier reported interface circuits. Experimentally measured performance improvement is 1.86×higher than the baseline comparison of full-wave bridge rectifier circuit. The authors demonstrated a voltage flip using GIVFT to gain power transfer improvement in piezoelectric energy harvesting. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, pertaining to the field of PEH, this is the first reported GIVFT based on the I-V relationship of the gyrator. The proposed approach could be useful for constrained self-powered autonomous IoT applications, and it could be of importance in guiding the design of new interface circuits for PEH.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
mehmet bulut

This study focused on the development of a system based on evolutionary Algorithms to obtain the optimum parameters of the fuzzy controller to increase the convergence speed and accuracy of the controller. The aim of the study is to design fuzzy controller without expert’s knowledge by using evolutionary genetic algorithms and carry out on a DC motor. The design is based on optimization of rule bases of fuzzy controller. In the learning stage, the obtained rule base fitness values are measured by working the rule base on the controller. The learning stage is repeated the termination criteria. The proposed fuzzy controller is performed on the dc motor from a PC program using a interface circuit.<div>Note : This article has been accepted for publication in a future issue of ELECTRICA journal, it is now in the early view. </div><div>Citation information: </div><div>M. Bulut, "Optimal Adjustment of Evolutionary Algorithm-based Fuzzy Controller for Driving Electric Motor with Computer Interface", Electrica, August 5, 2021. DOI: 10.5152/electrica.2021.21033.</div>


Author(s):  
Ahmed Gaddour ◽  
Hafedh Ben Hassen ◽  
Wael Dghais ◽  
Hamdi Belgacem ◽  
Mounir Ben Ali

Floating-Gate-Ions-Sensitive-Field-Effect-Transistors (FG-ISFETs) are becoming the sensor’s platform for various fields such as biomedical and chemical sensors. Despite many advantages like quick response, small size as well as wide measurement range, the efficiency of the output measurement is widely affected by temperature, This requires more safety in the measured results and the analysis’s tools. This study describes a novel integrated circuit that improves the thermal stability of the output signal of the ion-sensitive field effect transistors (ISFETs). After that, we investigate the temperature dependency of the FG-ISFET using the mentioned macro model and we shows that the temperature coefficient is about of 6 mV/°C. Afterward, a new integrated interface circuit that can perform great temperature compensation was developed. This operation aims to enhance stability of readout circuit for FG-ISFET. The achieved result of the FG-ISFET under different simulations shows that the readout circuit has a good temperature compensation i.e. :2.4 〖10〗^(-9) mV/°C.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Nuno Gomes Silva S Quelhas

The Multiple Sensor Interface is a simplistic sensor interface to USB, RS485, GPIO, that allows to make measurements of a variety of sensors based on the variation of inductance, resistance, capacitance, frequency using exactly the same connector and same electronic interface circuit between the sensor and the microcontroler. The same device also provides some additional connectors for small voltage measurement. Any sensors for the measurement of distinct phenomena can be used as long the sensor output is based on inductance, resistance, capacitance, frequency within the measurement range of the device, obtaining a variable precision depending of used sensor. The device is not meant for precision/accuracy measurement, is meant to be a reusable hardware that can be reused for most distinct situations, providing to the user more freedom of sensor selection as well more options for device/system maintenance or reuse.


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