The Decline of the Clerical Magistracy in the Nineteenth-Century English Midlands

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 419-433
Author(s):  
John W. B. Tomlinson
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Church Of England ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
British Society ◽  
Local Law Enforcement ◽  
Local Law ◽  
Important Evidence ◽  
The Church

A significant proportion of Church of England clergy in the early nineteenth century took up the role of magistrate to help enforce the law in local communities, partly in consequence of the growth of clerical wealth and status which had begun in the previous century. This legal role was perceived by some as contradictory to clerical pastoral duties, and as such detrimental to the church. Some would view it as contributing to a decline of the Church of England, which was seen as too much associated with the established powers in an era of social change. After the peak of the 1830s, the number of clerical magistrates began to fall dramatically, marking the emergence of a more exclusively religious clerical profession uneasy with the antagonisms associated with local law enforcement. This study, focusing on the diverse county of Staffordshire, presents the case that the decline of the clerical magistracy is an early indicator of the withdrawal of the clergy from involvement in secular concerns, and as such provides important evidence for the growth of secularization in British society.

‘This Romish business’ - Ritual Innovation and Parish Life in Later Nineteenth-Century Lincolnshire

1999 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 384-395
Author(s):  
R. W. Ambler
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Church Of England ◽  
The State ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Holy Communion ◽  
Parish Church ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Church ◽  
Mixing Water

In February 1889 Edward King, Bishop of Lincoln, appeared before the court of the Archbishop of Canterbury charged with illegal practices in worship. The immediate occasion for these proceedings was the manner in which he celebrated Holy Communion at the Lincoln parish church of St Peter at Gowts on Sunday 4 December 1887. He was cited on six specific charges: the use of lighted candles on the altar; mixing water with the communion wine; adopting an eastward-facing position with his back to the congregation during the consecration; permitting the Agnus Dei to be sung after the consecration; making the sign of the cross at the absolution and benediction, and taking part in ablution by pouring water and wine into the chalice and paten after communion. Two Sundays later King had repeated some of these acts during a service at Lincoln Cathedral. As well as its intrinsic importance in defining the legality of the acts with which he was charged, the Bishop’s trial raised issues of considerable importance relating to the nature and exercise of authority within the Church of England and its relationship with the state. The acts for which King was tried had a further significance since the ways in which these and other innovations in worship were perceived, as well as the spirit in which they were ventured, also reflected the fundamental shifts which were taking place in the role of the Church of England at parish level in the second half of the nineteenth century. Their study in a local context such as Lincolnshire, part of King’s diocese, provides the opportunity to examine the relationship between changes in worship and developments in parish life in the period.

Sanctuary Cities: Public Attitudes Toward Enforcement Collaboration Between Local Police and Federal Immigration Authorities

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason P. Casellas ◽  
Sophia Jordán Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Immigration Enforcement ◽  
Local Law Enforcement ◽  
Local Police ◽  
Local Law ◽  
Attitudes Toward Immigration

Local law enforcement has dramatically increased its cooperation with federal immigration enforcement, while other localities refuse to cooperate. Although scholars have examined how sanctuary cities may differ from other places in terms of crime rates, attitudes toward local law enforcement’s collaboration with federal immigration authorities remain understudied. We utilize original data from the 2016 Cooperative Congressional Election Survey (CCES) to study attitudes toward local/federal collaboration. Our results demonstrate that those who most recognize the racial advantage of Whites are significantly less likely to support collaboration between local police and federal authorities. Confirming prior work, our results also support the critical role of partisanship, nativity, and education in explaining attitudes toward sanctuary policies. Our findings have important implications for understanding attitudes toward immigration enforcement and policies.

How Partisan Is Local Law Enforcement? Evidence from Sheriff Cooperation with Immigration Authorities

2019 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 222-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANIEL M. THOMPSON
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Regression Discontinuity Design ◽  
Local Policy ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Partisan Polarization ◽  
Local Law Enforcement ◽  
Local Law ◽  
Democrats And Republicans

Is local law enforcement conducted differently based on the party in power? I offer an answer to this question by focusing on a case in which law enforcement is elected and has meaningful independent discretion: sheriff compliance with federal requests to detain unauthorized immigrants. Using a regression discontinuity design in a new dataset of over 3,200 partisan sheriff elections and administrative data on sheriff behavior, I find that Democrats and Republicans comply at nearly the same rate. These results contribute to ongoing research into the role that partisanship plays in local policy making, indicating that law enforcement officers make similar choices across party lines even when they have broad authority. I also present evidence that sheriffs hold more similar immigration enforcement views across party than the general public, highlighting the role of candidate entry and selection in determining the level of partisan polarization.

scholarly journals OPTIMALISASI PEMBERANTASAN KORUPSI DALAM ERA DESENTRALISASI DI INDONESIA

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 365
Author(s):  
Suharyo Suharyo
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Public Welfare ◽  
Government Regulations ◽  
Local Law Enforcement ◽  
Local Law

<p>Pelaksanaan desentralisasi merupakan kebijakan negara sebagai upaya mendekatkan pelayanan masyarakat dan kesejahteraan rakyat, menumbuhkan partisipasi masyarakat, serta good governance , ternyata berimplikasi negatif dengan menyuburnya korupsi di daerah. Untuk itu tulisan ini berusaha meneliti apa yang menyebabkan perilaku korupsi pada era desentralisasi serta bagaimana optimalisasi pemberantasan korupsi di tengah desentralisasi. Dengan menggunakan metode yuridis normatif disimpulkan bahwa penegak hukum di daerah tidak optimal dalam pemberantasan korupsi di wilayah hukumnya. Salah satunya adalah disebabkan keterbatasan jumlah penyidik KPK yang harus beroperasi di seluruh Indonesia. Perubahan Undang-Undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2004, yang diawali dengan diundangkannya Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa, dan menyusul Perpu Nomor 1 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemilihan Gubernur, Bupati, dan Walikota, serta Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah, dalam implementasinya diharapkan mampu mendinamisasikan serta meningkatkan derajat desentralisasi, dapat meminimalisir epidemi korupsi di daerah. Penguatan jajaran penegak hukum di daerah serta strategi represif merupakan upaya yang harus dikedepankan dalam optimalisasi pemberantasan korupsi.</p><p>The decentralization is a state policy to draw between public service and public welfare, emerging public participation and good governance, infact have negative implications for corruption at the local area increasingly. Therefore this paper try to examine what caused corruptive behaviour in the decentralization era as well as how to optimize corruption eradication in the decentralization era. Using normative juridis method, it can be concluded that the role of law enforcement officer in local area did not combat corruption within his jurisdiction optimally. It was caused by limited number of Corruption Eradication Commission’s investigators which cover all areas in Indonesia. The amendment of Law number 32 year 2004, begins with the enactment of Law Number 6 year 2014 regarding Village and immediately followed by Government Regulations in lieu of Laws Number 1 year 2014 regarding Election of Governor, Regent and Major and also Law Number 23 year 2014 regarding Amandment of Local Government, it was expected to dynamize and develop decentralization in implementation could decrease corruption epidemic in local area. Strengthening of local law enforcement officers and also repressive strategy are prioritized in optimizing the eradication of corruption.</p>

Decadent Rituals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Sexual Difference ◽  
Church Of England ◽  
Walter Pater ◽  
Roman Catholicism ◽  
Oxford Movement ◽  
Religious Ritual ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Church

Anglo-Catholicism, the nineteenth-century movement within the Church of England that sought to reassert many of the forms and rituals of Roman Catholicism, exerted a significant shaping influence upon the religious aesthetics of English decadent writing. While the space that Anglo-Catholicism offered for a decadent performance of sexual difference has been examined before, this article offers a complementary argument, emphasizing a strand within decadence arising from the role of personality in reconceptualizing, and possibly distorting, religious orthodoxy. The first part provides a history of the discourse of degeneracy around the early Oxford Movement and the mediation of Anglo-Catholic ideas into English decadence through the writings of Walter Pater. It then discusses the ways in which decadent writing in England explored a distorting excess of personality through the aesthetics of religious ritual and asceticism.

A Changing of the Guard

2018 ◽  
pp. 183-209
Author(s):  
Samantha Caslin
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Young Women ◽  
State Level ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
British Society ◽  
Local Law Enforcement ◽  
Local Organizations ◽  
Local Law ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Way

This chapter examines the decline of specific female-run, local organizations concerned about what they considered to be the corrosive effects of urban life upon the way young women comported themselves about town. In locating this decline in the 1950s and 60s, the chapter seeks to complicate narratives about the increasing permissiveness of British society during these years. It argues that the post-war decline of social purity groups like the Liverpool Vigilance Association was linked directly to the way in which state-level institutions and local law enforcement had increasingly taken up their cause. In considering the work of the Wolfenden Committee (1954-7), the chapter demonstrates how social purity and moral welfare approaches to prostitution as a form of moral contagion continued to have currency even as the influence of these organisations faded, with concerns about morality playing out in policing and the parameters of the Street Offences Act 1959.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Mason
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
Church Fathers ◽  
Communal Experience ◽  
In Christ ◽  
The Church ◽  
Francis Of Assisi

This chapter locates Rossetti in the context of the book’s ecotheological argument, which traces an ecological love command in her writing through her engagement with Tractarianism, the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, the Church Fathers, and Francis of Assisi. It establishes her Anglo-Catholic imagining of the cosmos as a fabric of participation and communal experience embodied in Christ. The first section reads Rossetti in the context of current Victorian ecocriticism, which underplays the role of Christianity in the development of nineteenth-century environmentalism. The next sections question critical readings of Rossetti as a reclusive thinker and argue instead for an educated and politicized Christian for whom indifference to the spiritual is complicit with an environmental crisis in which the weak and vulnerable suffer most. This introduction also refers to the wider field of Rossetti studies and introduces her reading of grace and apocalypse as a major contribution to the intradiscipline of Christianity and ecology.

Clergy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Hill QC
Keyword(s):  
Employment Status ◽  
Church Of England ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Church ◽  
And Training

This chapter focuses on the clergy of the Church of England. It first explains the process of selection and training for deacons and priests, along with their ordination, functions, and duties. It then considers the status and responsibilities of incumbents, patronage, and presentation of a cleric to a benefice, and suspension of presentation. It also examines the institution, collation, and induction of a presentee as well as unbeneficed clergy such as assistant curates and priests-in-charge of parishes, the authority of priests to officiate under the Extra-Parochial Ministry Measure, the right of priests to hold office under Common Tenure, and the role of visitations in maintaining the discipline of the Church. The chapter concludes with a discussion of clergy retirement and removal, employment status of clergy, vacation of benefices, group and team ministries, and other church appointments including rural or area deans, archdeacons, diocesan bishops, suffragan bishops, and archbishops.

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