Environmental Movements and Rise of Indigenous Communication Strategies during CHIPKO

Use and control over natural resources was the main agenda behind ecological movements in India. Environmental movements brought environmental sensitivity. Uttarakhand has had been a beautiful state but the region remained isolated and unsung for a longer period of time. However, the local organizations and protests linked the region with the rest of the country. The central motivation of the study is to trace out the tactics adopted when hardly any tech-based communication existed to set Chipko as the mass movement. The study is exploratory in nature and data has been gathered using Schedule which has been analyzed via percent analysis. Results of the study approves that Chipko validated nonviolent resistance and brought out unique strategies to sustain the Chipko as the movement. Chipko was a continuation of the old peasant struggle where the population mainly stressed on the group communication.

Underground Press of Social Democratic Organizations in Šiauliai in 1904–1914

This article deals with propaganda activities, such as publishing proclamations (20 publications), revolutionary songs (1), and underground periodicals (1), by local organizations of the Bund, LSDDP, LSDP and RSDDP in Šiauliai in 1904–1914. Political changes in Russia in 1904–1907 created favorable conditions for social democratic organizations to actively carry out propaganda activities, but the intensity at which they were carried out was not uniform across Lithuania. The proletarian profile of Šiauliai and the particularly active activity of the LSDP allowed to mobilize propagandists in a short time, to prepare the necessary proclamations on the spot, and to provide the necessary press equipment. During the years of the revolution (1905–1907), Šiauliai had to emerge as the second center of the social democratic movement in Lithuania. After the defeat of the revolution in Russia, due to the increased persecution of social democratic forces, the underground organizations failed to mobilize their press capacity or develop more active propaganda events; therefore, the political parties even had to suspend the activities of local organizations in Šiauliai. The integration of social democratic youth into the social democratic organizations of Šiauliai took place in c. 1912 and gave hope for a stronger revival of propaganda. The resumption of activities ceased in the first years of the First World War. The large-scale underground press developed in underground conditions expressed the expectations of the local population, reflected the involvement of parties in the formation of political views of the urban population, and was a counterweight to official information. Therefore, its assessment is inseparable from the realities of the political context of that time.

The Socio-religious Construction: The Religious Tolerance among Salafi Muslim and Christian in Metro

Salafi Islamic community has been negatively constructed as puritan, extreme, and exclusive group separated itself from the social space. This justification precludes possibility that Salafi groups can synergize with surrounding socio-religious conditions. This article reveals the socio-religious life among Salafi community of Ma’had Ittiba’us Salaf in Purwoasri Village, Metro City to maintain the Islamic Salafi concept and expanding network of its followers. The research methodology is qualitative using observation, interviews, and documentation studies to expose the Salafi movement. This study shows that the presence of Salafi in Purwosari can build good relations with other religious communities, both Muslims and non-Muslims (Chrisrtian). The synergy between Salafi Muslims and Christians in building a strong social construction in maintaining the peace values is facilitated by the FPKM organization. This study concludes that Salafi da’wah is not entirely around the radical activities and leads to violence. Salafis in Metro City use a lot of social networks, technology facilities, and local organizations to preach, be economically, and socially. Keywords: salafi, socio-religious construction, religious relation, tolerance Pandangan masyarakat tentang komunitas Islam Salafi telah terkonstruksi negatif sebagai kelompok puritan, ekstrim, dan ekslusif yang memisahkan dari lingkungan sosial. Justifikasi tersebut menutup kemungkinan Salafi dapat bersinergi dengan keberagaman sosial-keagamaan sekitarnya. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap realitas kehidupan sosial-keagamaan komunitas Salafi Ma’had Ittiba’us Salaf di Kelurahan Purwoasri Kota Metro dalam mempertahankan konsep Islam Salafi dan memperluas jaringan pengikutnya. Metodologi penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan menggunakan data observasi, interview, dan studi dokumentasi untuk menjelaskan gerakan Salafi. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan Salafi di Purwoasri mampu membangun hubungan baik dengan komunitas kegamaan lainnya, baik Muslim maupun non-Muslim (Kristen). Sinergisitas antara Salafi dan Kristen dalam membangun konstruksi sosial yang kuat dalam menjaga nilai-nilai perdamaian difasilitasi dengan adanya Paguyuban FPKM. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa ternyata dakwah Salafi tidak secara keseluruhan terkonsentrasi dengan aktivitas radikal dan mengarah kepada kekerasan. Salafi di Kota Metro banyak menggunakan jaringan sosial, fasilitas teknologi, dan bergabung dalam Paguyuban untuk berdakwah, berekonomi, dan bersosial. Artikel ini masih terbatas pada skala penelitian di kota Metro, sehingga masih sangat mungkin untuk dilengkapi oleh kajian pada tempat lain dengan skala dan pendekatan yang berbeda. Kata Kunci: salafi, konstruksi sosial-kegamaan, relasi keagamaan, toleransi

Presenting Health Information

Health data become useful information after analysis. It is important to communicate health plans and findings on services and programmes to district and ministry staff, as well as to other health related sectors and other local organizations. Popular methods for presenting and communicating health information include tables, figures, graphs, histograms, bar charts, pie charts, scatter diagrams, and maps. Details for constructing and presenting these are explained. Mobile phones and photographs are useful to record and send health information. The importance of displaying and publicising local health information and achievements is stressed.

How do human capital and R&D structure facilitate FDI knowledge spillovers to local firm innovation? a panel threshold approach

This paper examines how local firms’ structure of human capital and R&D strategies influence their absorption of FDI knowledge spillovers. Using a unique dataset of Chinese firms in Beijing Zhongguancun Science Park from 2009 to 2015, our panel endogenous threshold models confirm two thresholds for human capital diversity and one threshold for R&D diversity in facilitating FDI spillovers. When human capital diversity is below its second threshold, FDI presence positively influences local firms’ innovation performance; while above the second threshold, the FDI turns to an insignificant impact. Besides, when R&D diversity is below its single threshold, FDI spillovers are positively associated with local firms’ innovation; otherwise, the effect of FDI is insignificantly negative. Our findings highlight the importance of human capital and R&D structures in local firms’ absorptive capacity. Local organizations need to keep diversifying their human capital and R&D strategies to learn from FDI knowledge but avoid allocating their efforts evenly upon sub-categories within the two resources.

Organization's strategies to improve implementation of universal accessibility principles: protocol of scoping review (Preprint)

BACKGROUND Since the publication of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, several countries have adopted laws, policies, and action plans to improve the universal accessibility of environments to improve inclusion and social participation of all citizens. Different organizations are involved in the application of these measures. OBJECTIVE The goal of this study is to identify strategies that are contextually appropriate and that provide guidelines for organizations to promote successful implementation of universal accessibility. METHODS We will conduct a scoping review identifying implementation strategies of universal accessibility measures in local organizations using the Arksey and O’Malley framework. We will search in Medline, CINHAL, Urban Studies Abstracts, ABI Inform and Social Sciences Full Text, from 2006 until today, following the adoption of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Two reviewers will independently select studies for inclusion and extract the data. A descriptive and thematic analysis of the characteristics of the identified implementation strategies will be performed using the NVivo software. RESULTS No results have been available so far CONCLUSIONS We will present characteristics of studies and outcomes of implementation strategies in all included studies in a table. The results of this scoping review are expected to help research community in various fields, local organizations, and stakeholders to identify better ways to improve implementation strategies of universal accessibility practices.

Accounting for the expenses of the stages of oil research and exploration and its role in improving revenues for crude oil companies

The research dealt with one of the important topics that received great attention in the field of accounting in general and in the field of accounting for oil costs in particular, which is the topic of methods for recording the expenses of the stages of oil research and exploration, at a time when contributions and research efforts were focused on searching for procedures and factors of success of these methods Which was often based on traditional discussions, by focusing on the differentiation between registration methods and the assumption of calculating costs and risks for each of them, despite the importance of such discussions in understanding how accountants work and the preference procedures in adopting each of these methods in oil companies as it is the best for the work of companies oil organizations. However, it does not express the specificity of each of these methods, and then reveals the foundations of their advantage based mainly on maximizing the revenues of the crude oil companies. Based on this, the research aims to measure the contribution of methods for recording the expenses of the stages of oil research and exploration in improving revenues for crude oil companies, within a framework that simulates the reality of local organizations on the one hand and embodies their available applicable accounting practices on the other hand. The research was conducted in the crude oil industry sector by adopting personal interviews and surveying the opinions of a sample of accountants in crude oil companies operating in the Erbil Governorate - Kurdistan Region of Iraq. The first axis included (15) questions that embodied the contents of the methods of recording the expenditures of the stages of oil research and exploration and their practices, which were measured into three methods: (revenue cost method, total cost method, and successful efforts method) for each of them (5) questions, while the third axis included (10) questions about the contents of the revenues of oil companies Crude, with the aim of identifying the methods of recording the expenses of the stages of oil research and exploration, and the extent of their contribution to improving the revenues of the researched organizations. A set of statistical tools were adopted to test the study's hypotheses using the Rasa program and its diagnosis. The research reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which was, the existence of a significant effect of the methods of recording the expenses of the stages of oil research and exploration in improving the revenues of the oil companies in the organization, the study sample, and the most effective method is the total cost (capital) method, and based on that, some proposals were indicated, the most important of which is the necessity Enhancing the organization's interest in the study sample in analyzing the total (capital) cost related to the work of oil companies and studying it to find out the contents that can be benefited from in the future.

Chronicle

April 30 this year the 70th anniversary of the birth of prof. physiology of Kazan University. Nikolai Alexandrovich Mislavsky. The faculty elected a committee for the organization of the anniversary celebration consisting of: the rector of the University, prof. V.V. Chirkovsky, deputy. Dean Venerable I. S. Alufa, prof. M. N. Cheboxarov and A. V. Vishnevsky, a representative from students N. V. Inyushkin and one of the doctors working in the laboratory prof. N. A. Mislavsky. The committee was instructed to expand its membership by inviting representatives of other faculties of the Kazan University and local organizations, as well as nonresident and foreign scientists.

Human Resources in Multilevel Service Provision Performance: The Role of Field Offices and Local Organizations

The public management literature has extensively explored human resources’ (HR) contribution to organizational performance. However, HR approaches are seldom explored when assessing multilevel service provision. This research studies the HR-performance relationship when organizations at different government levels contribute to service provision. Beyond directly engaged local organizations, HR in national organizations’ field offices providing ancillary services may influence local service performance; however, local organizations’ HR levels moderate this contribution. Education in Colombia allows testing this model. While local schools directly provide classroom instruction, a national agency’s (Instituto Colombiano de Bienestar Familiar, ICBF) field offices provide related services. Relative workforce size and educational attainment serve to assess HR of schools and ICBF’s field offices while high school enrollment and dropout rates capture education provision performance. Schools’ HR increase performance and moderate ICBF’s indirect influence, offering evidence for both substitutive and reinforcing relationships between local and national organizations in service provision.