scholarly journals Muslim Fashion: Challenging Transregional Connectivities between Malaysia and the Arabian Peninsula

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Viola Thimm
Keyword(s):  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
World Order ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Material Object ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Muslim Majority ◽  
Transformative Process

AbstractIn Malaysia, a Muslim-majority country in Southeast Asia, a dynamic market for Muslim fashion has evolved over the past decade, especially concerning theabaya, a female Muslim dress. Malay Malaysian designers, producers and consumers focus on this garment because it represents a style of female Islamic clothing that is perceived as ‘authentic’. Theabayaoriginates from the Arabian Peninsula and is generally worn by Arabic Muslim women with asyariah-compliant design that is commonly simple, loose and opaque. Embedded into the broader marketising processes of ahalalindustry in Malaysia, Malay women started to adopt this material object and transformed it into a distinct expression of Malaysian Muslim style. The originalabayathat follows Islamic rules became a colourful and decorated dress. This transformative process is not only an expression of variation in fashion and style but profoundly transcends powerful social, placial and spatial orders within the Muslim world. The Malaysian fashion market forabayas is embedded in wider dynamics of sacred landscaping in which the Arabian Peninsula is considered to be the ‘centre of Islam’ while Malaysia is positioned and positions itself at the margins. However, Malay Malaysian social actors have shifted this constellation towards a Malaysia that has pushed itself to the forefront of a commercialising Islam through the development of the related Muslim fashion market, among other things. Thus, within a Muslim world order, transregional connections lead to an entangled web of meaning-making regarding power structures, Islamic principles and social practices.

الشيخ والشاه مقارنة أوليَّة في الإرث الفكري لمحمد بن عبد الوهاب وولي الله الدِّهلوي The Sheikh and Shah Preliminary Comparison of the Intellectual Legacy of Muhammad ibn ‘Abd Al-WahhÉb and WalÊ Allah DehlawÊ

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
حسن أحمد إبراهيم
Keyword(s):  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Islamic Revival ◽  
Analytical Comparison ◽  
Islamic Reform ◽  
Preliminary Comparison ◽  
Intellectual Heritage ◽  
Intellectual Legacy

         الملخّصتحاول هذه الدراسة، التي أحسب أنها الأولى من نوعها، أن تقدم مقارنة تحليلية للإرث الفكري للشيخين محمد عبد الوهاب (1703-1791م) في الجزيرة العربية وشاه ولي الله الدهلوي (1703-1761م) في شبه القارة الهندية في إطار واقعهما البيئي. وتخلص إلى أن لفظ "الوهابية الهندية"، الذي ابتدعه بعض المستشرقين لوصف حركة الإصلاح الإسلامي في الهند، والذي يوحي بأن رائدها الدِّهلوي كان مجرد نسخة مطابقة لمعاصره ابن عبد الوهاب، مصطلح غير دقيق، بل لعله خاطئ كليًّا. وذلك لأن دراسة الإرث الفكري لهذين العملاقين تبين بأنهما أسسا في عصر ما قبل الهجمة الإستعمارية على بلاد المسلمين مدرستين متباينتين من حيث التوجه والمحتوى.الكلمات المفتاحية: محمد عبد الوهاب، شاه ولي الله، الإرث الفكري، التجديد الإسلامي. Abstract          This is the first study to provide an analytical comparison of the intellectual legacy of two great scholars Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-WahhÉb (1703-1791) in the Arabian Peninsula and Shah WalÊ Allah DehlawÊ (1703-1761) in the Indian sub-continent in the context of their respective environments. It concludes that the term “Indian Wahhabism”, which was coined by some Orientalists to describe the movement for Islamic reform in India, suggesting that Sheikh DehlawÊ was just a duplicate of contemporary Ibn ‘Abd al-WahhÉb, is not only inaccurate but completely incorrect. The study of the intellectual legacy of these two luminaries reveals that they both founded, prior to the pre-colonial attack on the Muslim world, two schools different in terms of orientation and content..Keywords: Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-WahhÉb, ShÉh WalÊ Allah DehlawÊ, Intellectual Heritage, Islamic Revival.

Religious Freedom in Islam

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Philpott
Keyword(s):  
Religious Freedom ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Human Right ◽  
The West ◽  
Empirical Examination ◽  
Public Controversy ◽  
Arab Uprisings ◽  
Islamic Tradition ◽  
The World ◽  
Muslim Majority

Is Islam hospitable to religious freedom? The question is at the heart of a public controversy over Islam that has raged in the West over the past decade-and-a-half. Religious freedom is important because it promotes democracy and peace and reduces ills like civil war, terrorism, and violence. Religious freedom also is simply a matter of justice—not an exclusively Western principle but rather a universal human right rooted in human nature. The heart of the book confronts the question of Islam and religious freedom through an empirical examination of Muslim-majority countries. From a satellite view, looking at these countries in the aggregate, the book finds that the Muslim world is far less free than the rest of the world. Zooming in more closely on Muslim-majority countries, though, the picture looks more diverse. Some one-fourth of Muslim-majority countries are in fact religiously free. Among the unfree, 40% are repressive because they are governed by a hostile secularism imported from the West, and the other 60% are Islamist. The emergent picture is both honest and hopeful. Amplifying hope are two chapters that identify “seeds of freedom” in the Islamic tradition and that present the Catholic Church’s long road to religious freedom as a promising model for Islam. Another chapter looks at the Arab Uprisings of 2011, arguing that religious freedom explains much about both their broad failure and their isolated success. The book closes with lessons for expanding religious freedom in the Muslim world and the world at large.

scholarly journals Shopping Centres, Cycling Accessibility and Planning—The Case of Nova Lund in Sweden

Urban Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Till Koglin ◽  
Lucas Glasare
Keyword(s):  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Shopping Centre ◽  
The Past ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
The Subject

This paper evaluates the history and cycling accessibility of Nova, a shopping centre established in Lund, Sweden, in 2002. The current situation was also analysed through observation and a literature review. Moreover, the study conducted a closer analysis of the history and role of the municipality based on further literature study and interviews with officials. The conclusion of the analysis indicates poor and unsafe bikeways caused by conflicts of interest between politicians, officials, landowners and the general public. It also depicts a situation in which the municipality’s master plan has been ignored, and, in contrast to the local goals, cycling accessibility at Nova has seen no significant improvement since the shopping centre was first established. The reasons for this, arguably, are a relatively low budget for bikeway improvements in the municipality, as well as a situation in which decision-makers have stopped approaching the subject, as a result of the long and often boisterous conflicts it has created in the past. Lastly, it must be noted that it is easy to regard the whole process of Nova, from its establishment to the current situation, as being symptomatic of the power structures between drivers and cyclists that still affect decision-makers at all levels.

scholarly journals Decolonising Terrorism Journals

Societies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Ilyas Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
The Past ◽  
Tremendous Amount ◽  
Muslim Majority ◽  
University Curricula ◽  
Amount Of Knowledge ◽  
The University ◽  
Tremendous Impact

Decolonisation of knowledge over the past few years has gained much traction among scholars and students in many countries. This situation has led to calls for the decolonisation of knowledge, academia, the university, and university curricula. That said, the knowledge production side of the terrorism industry, which sits inside academia, so far has escaped calls to decolonise. This situation is somewhat surprising because the terrorism industry has had a tremendous impact on many countries, especially Muslim majority ones. The 9/11 terrorist attacks have resulted in a tremendous amount of knowledge being produced and published on terrorism and counterterrorism. However, little is known about “who is publishing on terrorism and where they are based”. To this end, this paper adopts a decolonial approach and addresses the questions of “who is publishing on terrorism and where they are based” by analysing seven terrorism journals. It argues that most of the publications and knowledge on terrorism in the seven terrorism journals are produced by scholars with Western heritage and are based at Western institutions, which is connected to the coloniality of knowledge.

(Re)storying Japanese Canadian Histories: Artistic Engagements

2021 ◽  
pp. 153270862098726
Author(s):  
Matthew Chin ◽  
Izumi Sakamoto ◽  
Jane Ku ◽  
Ai Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Art Making ◽  
History Writing ◽  
The Past ◽  
Common Structure ◽  
Academic History ◽  
Historical Accounts ◽  
Japanese Canadian ◽  
Cultural Identity Formation

This paper examines how Japanese Canadian (JC) artists challenge discursive limitations of constructing representations of JC pasts. Their interventions into JC history-making are significant given the rise of interest in and proliferation of JC historical accounts, partly as a result of the accelerated passing of the remaining survivors of JC incarceration within a broader context of unsettled and unsettling discourses around incarceration in JC families and communities. Contrary to narratives of JC history premised on the conventions of academic history writing, we explore how JC artists engage with the past through their creative practices. Focusing on JC artist Emma Nishimura’s exhibit, The weight of what cannot be remembered, we suggest that JC creative history-making practices have important implications for processes of ethno-racial and-cultural identity formation. In so doing, we decenter state-bound history-making processes that reproduce colonial frameworks of JC subjectivity, temporal linearity, and “objectivity.” Instead, we focus on the temporally circuitous way that Nishimura and other JC artists engage with the past through the idiom of personal intimacy in ways that facilitate a more expansive notion of JC identity and community. Though Nishimura’s work is indexical as opposed to representative of contemporary JC art-making, it is significant in tapping into a common structure of feeling among JC artists that emphasizes a notion of JC’ness rooted in the active struggle to establish a relationship with the past. In attending to Nishimura’s work, we highlight the productivity of art-making as a method of (re)storying to expand meaning-making endeavors within and across communities.

Oil, Water, World, Wax, Mind: Jean Rolin’s Ormuz

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-236
Author(s):  
Thangam Ravindranathan
Keyword(s):  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
World Order ◽  
The Novel ◽  
History Of The Novel ◽  
Amitav Ghosh ◽  
Modern Novel ◽  
History Of ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Night And Day ◽  
Oil Tankers

Abstract This essay considers the unworldly setting of Jean Rolin’s novel Ormuz (2013), composed around the attempt by a shadowy character named Wax to swim across the Strait of Hormuz. This twenty-one-nautical-mile-wide stretch of sea separating Iran from the Arabian Peninsula, through which is shipped 35 percent of the world’s petroleum, is a waterway of the utmost geopolitical importance, its harbors built not for dreamy swimmers but for giant oil tankers and the elaborate maritime-military infrastructure assuring their passage. Such a setting would seem to stand as a bleak other to the novel as genre. Yet if one thinks of the history of the novel as inseparable from that of carbon capitalism (as Amitav Ghosh has argued), such a claim is reversed—this site where powerful strategic interests drive the flow of oil, capital, and power is the place of the continual making and unmaking, by night and day, of the world order, and thereby of the modern novel. The essay reflects on what Wax’s weird wager—as an emblem for a remarkable narrative wager—may owe to such intertexts as Google, Descartes’s Meditations, and Jules Verne’s Tour du monde, and argues for reading Ormuz as an ecological novel for our times.

Islamic International Relations Towards a Theoretical Framework

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gubara Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
The West ◽  
The Past ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
The World

The Western originators of the multi-disciplinary social sciences and their successors, including most major Western social intellectuals, excluded religion as an explanation for the world and its affairs. They held that religion had no role to play in modern society or in rational elucidations for the way world politics or/and relations work. Expectedly, they also focused most of their studies on the West, where religion’s effect was least apparent and argued that its influence in the non-West was a primitive residue that would vanish with its modernization, the Muslim world in particular. Paradoxically, modernity has caused a resurgence or a revival of religion, including Islam. As an alternative approach to this Western-centric stance and while focusing on Islam, the paper argues that religion is not a thing of the past and that Islam has its visions of international relations between Muslim and non-Muslim states or abodes: peace, war, truce or treaty, and preaching (da’wah).

Covid-19 Pandemic and the World Order

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-24
Author(s):  
Elena Chebankova ◽  
Petr Dutkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Moral Panic ◽  
World Order ◽  
Potential Outcomes ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
The Past ◽  
Power Resources ◽  
Ideological Struggle ◽  
The World ◽  
Media Manipulation

This paper examines the origins, nature, and potential outcomes of the global crisis induced by the Covid-19 pandemic. The authors argue that the crisis has been animated by the two most important groups of factors that have been simmering in the world‘s economic and political system during the past six decades and have been accelerated by the pandemic. First, the dynamic of the Covid-19 crisis illuminated the existing challenges of the contemporary capitalist system, which is generally legitimated via the instruments of moral panic and media manipulation. Each consecutive crisis of capitalism ends with the redistribution of power resources to some groups of participants. Second, the Covid-19 crisis has been taking place within the conditions of a systemic and ideological struggle between two global elite factions that harbour drastically different approaches to the changing world order and have different politico-economic goals and intentions. The authors will argue that the crisis will not change the world drastically, yet it will amplify these ongoing tensions, illuminate them to many general observers, and deepen the already-existing systemic instability.

May Day Demonstrations in Five European Countries

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abby Peterson ◽  
Mattias Wahlström ◽  
Magnus Wennerhag ◽  
Camilo Christancho ◽  
José-Manuel Sabucedo
Keyword(s):  
Political Orientation ◽  
Political Opportunity ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Opportunity Structures ◽  
The Past ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
May Day ◽  
Political Opportunity Structures ◽  
Political Demonstrations

In this article, we argue that there is an element of rituality in all political demonstrations. This rituality can be either primarily oriented toward the past and designed to consolidate the configuration of political power—hence official—or oriented towards the future and focused on challenging existing power structures—hence oppositional. We apply this conceptual framework in a comparison of May Day demonstrations in Belgium, Switzerland, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom in 2010. The demonstrations display significant differences in terms of officiality and oppositionality. Our study provides strong evidence that these differences cannot be explained solely—if at all—by stable elements of the national political opportunity structures. Instead, differences in degrees of oppositionality and officiality among May Day demonstrations should be primarily understood in terms of cultural traditions in combination with volatile factors such as the political orientation of the incumbent government and the level of grievances.

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