Operational Strategies to Selectively Produce Purple Bacteria for Microbial Protein in Raceway Reactors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Alloul ◽  
Marta Cerruti ◽  
Damian Adamczyk ◽  
David G. Weissbrodt ◽  
Siegfried E. Vlaeminck
Keyword(s):  
Purple Bacteria ◽  
Microbial Protein ◽  
Operational Strategies

Cocultivating aerobic heterotrophs and purple bacteria for microbial protein in sequential photo- and chemotrophic reactors

2021 ◽  
Vol 319 ◽  
pp. 124192
Author(s):  
Abbas Alloul ◽  
Maarten Muys ◽  
Nick Hertoghs ◽  
Frederiek-Maarten Kerckhof ◽  
Siegfried E. Vlaeminck
Keyword(s):  
Purple Bacteria ◽  
Microbial Protein

scholarly journals Control tools to selectively produce purple bacteria for microbial protein in raceway reactors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Alloul ◽  
Marta Cerruti ◽  
Damian Adamczyk ◽  
David G. Weissbrodt ◽  
Siegfried E. Vlaeminck
Keyword(s):  
Protein Production ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Purple Bacteria ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Microbial Protein ◽  
Dark Regime ◽  
Raceway Reactor

AbstractPurple non-sulfur bacteria (PNSB) show potential for microbial protein production on wastewater as animal feed. They offer good selectivity (i.e. uneven community with high abundance of one species) when grown anaerobically in the light. However, the cost of a closed anaerobic photobioreactor (PBR) is prohibitive for protein production. While open raceway reactors are cheaper, their feasibility to selectively grow PNSB is thus far unexplored. This study developed tools to boost PNSB abundance in the biomass of a raceway reactor fed with volatile fatty acids as carbon source. For oxygen availability as tool, not stirring in the night (i.e. reduced oxygen supply) elevated the PNSB abundance from 8% to 20%. For light availability as tool, a 24-h illumination increased the PNSB abundance from 8% to 31% compared to a 12-h light/12-h dark regime. A reactor run at 2-d sludge retention time at the highest surface-to-volume ratio (10 m2 m-3 increased light availability) showed productivities up to 0.2 g protein L-1 d-1 and the highest PNSB abundance (78%). The estimated production cost is €1.9 kg-1 dry weight (vs. PBR €11.4 kg-1 dry weight). This study pioneered in PNSB-based microbial protein production in raceways, yielding cost efficiency along with high selectivity when avoiding the combined availability of oxygen, COD and darkness.Graphical abstract

Whole life costing: application to water distribution network

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Engelhardt ◽  
D. Savic ◽  
P. Skipworth ◽  
A. Cashman ◽  
A. Saul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Network Management ◽  
Asset Management ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Activity Based Costing ◽  
Operational Strategies ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
Whole Life Costing

There is an increasing pressure from the economic regulator in England and Wales for water companies to ensure that their capital maintenance decisions reflect an understanding of the long-term impact on their operational costs and risks. This implies that decisions must not only reflect the costs borne now but the likely costs in the future, and how these might be optimised. It is noteworthy that within the construction and transport industries, asset management decisions which have been driven in this direction utilise a whole life costing (WLC) methodology. This paper addresses the implications of transferring the concept of WLC to service-based assets such as water systems. A WLC approach to distribution network management aims to achieve the lowest network provision and operating cost when all costs are considered to achieve standards enforced by regulation. Cognisance is to be taken of all relevant costs - direct and indirect, private and societal - in order to balance the needs of the service supplier, the customer, society and the environment in a sustainable manner. A WLC analysis thus attempts to develop a cost profile over the life of the asset. Accounting for the costs over this period is achieved through a combination of activity based costing (ABC) and a life cycle assessment (LCA) used to identify potential social and environmental costs. This process means that each of these identified costs must be linked to some physical parameter that itself varies over time due to changing demands on the system, the different operational strategies available to the operator and natural deterioration of the fabric of the system. The links established between the cost and activities of the operator provide the basis for the development of a WLC decision tool (WiLCO) for application to water distribution network management.

Design and Operational Analyses of Activated Sludge Processes Using Respirometrically Calibrated Models

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 753-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Rozich
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Model Calibration ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Model Case ◽  
Operational Strategies ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Technical Basis ◽  
Activated Sludge Processes

The purpose of this paper is to present the background and examples of methodology which enable environmental engineers and scientists to analyze activated sludge processes much more effectively than is otherwise possible with conventional approaches. Good process analyses are key for devising optimal design and operational strategies. The key features to the technique presented herein are the field-proven predictability of the model and the methodology for collecting data needed for calibrating the process model. Case histories prove the predictability of the model that is associated with the process analysis approach. The advantage of the approach advocated herein is the use of respirometric techniques to calibrate the model. These methods enable the process analyst to collect the requisite data for model calibration in twenty-four hours or less. This feature enables one to use this process analysis methodology for both design and operational applications. The paper will present the technical basis for the process model and how respirometric methods are utilized to compute biokinetic constants in a manner which is consistent with kinetic theory. Case histories will be discussed that demonstrate the predictability of the modeling approach and demonstrate the utility of this tool for process analysis.

Application of Anti-Microbial Protein Lysozyme for Dental Materials

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-227
Author(s):  
Rei Tsuji ◽  
Yoshinori Shinohara ◽  
Hatsumi Nagadome ◽  
Yoshihiro Terada
Keyword(s):  
Dental Materials ◽  
Microbial Protein

Nuestra experiencia en el mantenimiento de simuladores

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (0) ◽  
pp. 102-111
Author(s):  
Fernando Córdoba Aguiar ◽  
Luis Antonio Hernández Vázquez
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Population ◽  
Doctor Who ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Operational Strategies ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Simulation Center

One of the benefits of collaborating in an interprofesional team is the exchange, and the acquisition of knowledge, skills and operational strategies alongside this community. Here, we share an example and an analogy from the medical field: A biomedical engineer, from a simulation center, who has the task of preserving the functionality, integrity and aesthetics of the simulators and the equipment, acquires a role similar to that of a doctor who seeks strategies that focus on maintaining a healthy population. The following is a review of our experience in the Centro de Enseñanza por Simulación de Posgrado (CESIP) of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM). It should be noted that none of the strategies stated here can be considered as a reference “of excellence” for the operation of a simulation center, due to the great number of particularities in each of them. Finally, we are convinced that sharing our experience may be useful for other centers, especially due to the lack of information available. Keywords: Simulators, maintenance, biomedical,conservation.

scholarly journals PSXI-15 Effects of post-pyrolysis treated biochars on nutrient disappearance, methane production and ruminal fermentation of a silage-based diet in an artificial rumen system (RUSITEC)

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 395-395
Author(s):  
Paul Tamayao ◽  
Gabriel O Ribeiro ◽  
Tim A McAllister ◽  
Hee-Eun Yang ◽  
A M Saleem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Vitamin Supplement ◽  
Microbial Protein ◽  
Microbial Protein Synthesis ◽  
Barley Silage

Abstract This study investigated the effects of post-pyrolysis treated biochar on nutrient disappearance, total gas and methane (CH4) production, rumen fermentation and microbial protein synthesis in an artificial rumen system (RUSITEC) fed a barley silage-based diet. The basal diet consisted of 60% barley silage, 27% barley grain, 10% canola meal and 3% mineral/vitamin supplement (DM basis). Three spruced-based biochars, treated post-pyrolysis with either zinc chloride, hydrochloric acid/nitric acid mixture or sulfuric acid were added at 2.0% of substrate DM. In a randomized complete block design, treatments were assigned to sixteen vessels (n = 4/treatment) in two RUSITEC systems. The experiment was conducted over 15 d, with 8 d of adaptation and 7 d of sampling. Nutrient disappearance of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) was determined after 48 h of incubation from d 9 to 12, and microbial protein synthesis was measured from d 13–15. Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED in SAS, with the fixed effect of treatment and random effect of RUSITEC system and vessel. Biochar inclusion did not affect disappearance of DM (P = 0.49), OM (P = 0.60), CP (P = 0.14), NDF (P = 0.48), ADF (P = 0.11) or starch (P = 0.58). Biochar also had no effect on total gas production (P = 0.31) or CH4 produced expressed as a % of total gas production (P = 0.06), mg/d (P = 0.70), mg/g of DM incubated (P = 0.74), or mg/g of DM digested (P = 0.64). No effect on total VFA (P = 0.56) or NH3-N (P = 0.20) production were observed. Neither microbial protein synthesis nor total protozoa count were affected by biochar addition (P > 0.05). In conclusion, biochar inclusion in a silage-based diet did not exhibit the potential to mitigate CH4 emissions or improve digestion in a RUSITEC system.

The construction of innovative computer practical training education model in the environment of multiple intelligences Internet of Things

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Yanli Bao
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Science Teachers ◽  
Curriculum Design ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Training Model ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Operational Strategies ◽  
Workflow Technology ◽  
Computer Knowledge

This paper takes the application of workflow technology in a multi-smart IOT message-driven practical training execution system as the research background, analyzes the current situation and problems of the practical training execution system, and reconstructs and optimizes the original on-site practical training model and business methods according to the future development needs of the practical training execution system. This study draws on the theoretical perspective of the computer knowledge body to deeply recognize and understand the connotation of computing ability from the levels of knowledge, skills, and attitude, forms a basic understanding of computing ability through literature combing, and refines the core elements of computing ability through a combination of enterprise case study, content analysis, and questionnaire survey, strives to form a more systematic and in-depth understanding of the connotation and elements of computing ability. It also provides a reference for the clarification of computing ability training objectives of computer science teachers under the trend of intelligence. Facing the enhancement of computing ability of engineering students majoring in computer science at the undergraduate level, the objectives of computing ability cultivation are clarified, the key points of computing ability cultivation mode are refined from three levels: curriculum design, teaching operation, management, and control, and three typical computing ability cultivation modes embedded in undergraduate computer education are constructed: knowledge module combination mode, computing context experience mode, and intelligent industry-leading mode. The operational strategies and implementation paths of the models are discussed in depth. This study emphasizes that, based on the analysis of the characteristics of the trend of intelligence, the computing ability cultivation model is not static.

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