Collision Characterization of Mixed Hydrocarbon Liquid Droplets with Polyethylene Particles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Hong ◽  
Jingyuan Sun ◽  
Yao Yang ◽  
Zhengliang Huang ◽  
Jingdai Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Droplets ◽  
Hydrocarbon Liquid ◽  
Polyethylene Particles

scholarly journals Characterization of design grammar of peptides for regulating liquid droplets and aggregates of FUS

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyoto Kamagata ◽  
Rika Chiba ◽  
Ichiro Kawahata ◽  
Nanako Iwaki ◽  
Saori Kanbayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Electrostatic Interactions ◽  
Amyloid Fibrils ◽  
Droplet Formation ◽  
Liquid Droplets ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Aggregate Formation ◽  
Fused In Sarcoma ◽  
Dynamics Simulations

AbstractLiquid droplets of aggregation-prone proteins, which become hydrogels or form amyloid fibrils, are a potential target for drug discovery. In this study, we proposed an experiment-guided protocol for characterizing the design grammar of peptides that can regulate droplet formation and aggregation. The protocol essentially involves investigation of 19 amino acid additives and polymerization of the identified amino acids. As a proof of concept, we applied this protocol to fused in sarcoma (FUS). First, we evaluated 19 amino acid additives for an FUS solution and identified Arg and Tyr as suppressors of droplet formation. Molecular dynamics simulations suggested that the Arg additive interacts with specific residues of FUS, thereby inhibiting the cation–π and electrostatic interactions between the FUS molecules. Second, we observed that Arg polymers promote FUS droplet formation, unlike Arg monomers, by bridging the FUS molecules. Third, we found that the Arg additive suppressed solid aggregate formation of FUS, while Arg polymer enhanced it. Finally, we observed that amyloid-forming peptides induced the conversion of FUS droplets to solid aggregates of FUS. The developed protocol could be used for the primary design of peptides controlling liquid droplets and aggregates of proteins.

An Uncertainty Analysis of a NIST Hydrocarbon Liquid Flow Calibration Facility

Volume 1 ◽  
2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. T. Yeh ◽  
P. I. Espina ◽  
G. E. Mattingly ◽  
N. R. Briggs ◽  
Jesu´s Aguilera
Keyword(s):  
Uncertainty Analysis ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Jet Fuels ◽  
Expanded Uncertainty ◽  
Uncertainty Characterization ◽  
Hydrocarbon Liquid ◽  
Calibration Facility ◽  
Calibration Interval

This paper presents the uncertainty characterization of NIST’s new hydrocarbon liquid flow calibrator (HLFC). This facility uses a passive piston prover technique where fluid is driven by pumps while the measuring piston is passively stroked through the calibration interval. This facility is typically operated using MIL-C-7024C fluid (also known as Stoddard solvent – a surrogate liquid for JP-4 and JP-5 jet fuels), but using a variety of other fluids offers a wider range of measurements. The range of flows for this facility is 0.19 to 5.7 liters per minute – lpm (0.05 to 1.5 gallons per minute – gpm). Over this range, the expanded uncertainty claim for this facility is ±0.01%, at 95% confidence level. The uncertainty of a dual-turbine meter tested in the system is also reported. In addition, NIST is working to incorporate additional piston provers so that the flow for hydrocarbon liquids calibration service will reach 760 lpm (200 gpm).

scholarly journals The Ice Selective Inlet: a novel technique for exclusive extraction of pristine ice crystals in mixed-phase clouds

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 3087-3106 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Kupiszewski ◽  
E. Weingartner ◽  
P. Vochezer ◽  
M. Schnaiter ◽  
A. Bigi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Measurements ◽  
Droplet Evaporation ◽  
Cloud Microphysics ◽  
Mixed Phase ◽  
Ice Crystals ◽  
Saharan Dust ◽  
Liquid Droplets ◽  
Mixed Phase Clouds ◽  
Evaporation Unit

Abstract. Climate predictions are affected by high uncertainties partially due to an insufficient knowledge of aerosol–cloud interactions. One of the poorly understood processes is formation of mixed-phase clouds (MPCs) via heterogeneous ice nucleation. Field measurements of the atmospheric ice phase in MPCs are challenging due to the presence of much more numerous liquid droplets. The Ice Selective Inlet (ISI), presented in this paper, is a novel inlet designed to selectively sample pristine ice crystals in mixed-phase clouds and extract the ice residual particles contained within the crystals for physical and chemical characterization. Using a modular setup composed of a cyclone impactor, droplet evaporation unit and pumped counterflow virtual impactor (PCVI), the ISI segregates particles based on their inertia and phase, exclusively extracting small ice particles between 5 and 20 μm in diameter. The setup also includes optical particle spectrometers for analysis of the number size distribution and shape of the sampled hydrometeors. The novelty of the ISI is a droplet evaporation unit, which separates liquid droplets and ice crystals in the airborne state, thus avoiding physical impaction of the hydrometeors and limiting potential artefacts. The design and validation of the droplet evaporation unit is based on modelling studies of droplet evaporation rates and computational fluid dynamics simulations of gas and particle flows through the unit. Prior to deployment in the field, an inter-comparison of the optical particle size spectrometers and a characterization of the transmission efficiency of the PCVI was conducted in the laboratory. The ISI was subsequently deployed during the Cloud and Aerosol Characterization Experiment (CLACE) 2013 and 2014 – two extensive international field campaigns encompassing comprehensive measurements of cloud microphysics, as well as bulk aerosol, ice residual and ice nuclei properties. The campaigns provided an important opportunity for a proof of concept of the inlet design. In this work we present the setup of the ISI, including the modelling and laboratory characterization of its components, as well as field measurements demonstrating the ISI performance and validating the working principle of the inlet. Finally, measurements of biological aerosol during a Saharan dust event (SDE) are presented, showing a first indication of enrichment of bio-material in sub-2 μm ice residuals.

Kinematics of Surface Acoustic Wave Driven Liquid Droplets

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trung-Dung Luong ◽  
Nam-Trung Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Wave ◽  
Surface Acoustic Wave ◽  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Liquid Droplet ◽  
Steady Motion ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Liquid Droplets ◽  
Experimental Characterization ◽  
Steady Velocity

This paper reports the experimental characterization of a liquid droplet driven by surface acoustic wave (SAW). The SAW device was fabricated on a single-sided polished Y-cut 128° rotated lithium niobate (LiNbO3) substrate. The kinematics and deformation of the droplet was investigated at different driving voltages and droplet volumes. The kinematics of the droplet is characterized by four regimes: initial stationary state, acceleration and strong deformation, deceleration and steady motion with constant velocity. The maximum velocity of the droplet is proportional to the square of the applied voltage and does not change significantly with its volume. Bellow a critical volume, the steady velocity increases with the applied voltage. Above this volume, the steady velocity decreases with the applied voltage. In general, a larger droplet volume results in a higher steady velocity. The results from the investigation reported here can be used for optimizing the driving scheme of SAW-driven droplet-based microfuidics.

scholarly journals Characterization of the effectiveness of a hydrocarbon liquid solidifier

Heliyon ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. e05465
Author(s):  
Jola J. Solomon ◽  
Alan M. Hanley ◽  
Thomas R. Hanley
Keyword(s):  
Hydrocarbon Liquid

Hydraulic characterization of high temperature hydrocarbon liquid jets

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 166-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyung Ju Lee ◽  
Yu-In Jin ◽  
Hojin Choi ◽  
Ki-Young Hwang
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Liquid Jets ◽  
Hydrocarbon Liquid

DEPOSITION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SEVERAL-LAYER Pb CLUSTER FILMS

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (15n17) ◽  
pp. 2633-2638
Author(s):  
FENGQI SONG ◽  
ZHENLIN LI ◽  
JIANMING HONG ◽  
LU ZHANG ◽  
MIN HAN
Keyword(s):  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Effective Diffusion ◽  
Oxide Coating ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Cooling Time ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Cluster Beam ◽  
Liquid Droplets ◽  
Core Shell Structure

The surface morphology of low-energy deposited Pb cluster films was characterized by TEM observation. The free clusters before arrival on the substrates were considered as liquid droplets and a cooling time was assumed to interpret the final morphology by DDA (deposition-diffusion-aggregation) model. The island radius is related to the cluster beam flux, effective diffusion radius and the cooling time. There appeared a viscous net instead of neck-connections and islands when several layers were deposited. After as-prepared samples were exposed to air, an oxide coating, i.e. a core/shell structure, was formed and it could prevent the Pb core from full oxidation.

scholarly journals Characterization of electrical current and liquid droplets deposition area in a capillary electrospray

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 100206
Author(s):  
Yuchen Si ◽  
Yingjie Yang ◽  
Myra Martel ◽  
Lifeng Zhang ◽  
Shelley Kirychuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Current ◽  
Liquid Droplets ◽  
Deposition Area

Morphological Characterization of Mycobacteriophage R1

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 254-255
Author(s):  
B. L. Soloff ◽  
T. A. Rado
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Minimal Medium ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Logarithmic Growth Phase ◽  
Complete Lysis ◽  
Lysogenic Culture ◽  
Logarithmic Growth

Mycobacteriophage R1 was originally isolated from a lysogenic culture of M. butyricum. The virus was propagated on a leucine-requiring derivative of M. smegmatis, 607 leu−, isolated by nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis of typestrain ATCC 607. Growth was accomplished in a minimal medium containing glycerol and glucose as carbon source and enriched by the addition of 80 μg/ ml L-leucine. Bacteria in early logarithmic growth phase were infected with virus at a multiplicity of 5, and incubated with aeration for 8 hours. The partially lysed suspension was diluted 1:10 in growth medium and incubated for a further 8 hours. This permitted stationary phase cells to re-enter logarithmic growth and resulted in complete lysis of the culture.

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