Porous Scaffolds Derived from Devitalized Tissue Engineered Cartilaginous Matrix Support Chondrogenesis of Adult Stem Cells

: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), a form of adult stem cells, are known to have a self-renewing property and the potential to specialize into a multitude of cells and tissues such as adipocytes, cartilage cells, and fibroblasts. MSCs can migrate and home to the desired target zone where inflammation is present. The unique characteristics of MSCs in repairing, differentiation, regeneration, and its high capacity of immune modulation has attracted tremendous attention for exerting them in clinical purposes, as they contribute to tissue regeneration process and anti-tumor activity. The MSCs-based treatment has demonstrated remarkable applicability towards various diseases such as heart and bone malignancies, and cancer cells. Importantly, genetically engineered MSCs, as a state-of-the-art therapeutic approach, could address some clinical hurdles by systemic secretion of cytokines and other agents with a short half-life and high toxicity. Therefore, understanding the biological aspects and the characteristics of MSCs is an imperative issue of concern. Herein, we provide an overview of the therapeutic application and the biological features of MSCs against different inflammatory diseases and cancer cells. We further shed light on MSCs physiological interaction, such as migration, homing, and tissue repairing mechanisms with different healthy and inflamed tissues.

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Application of Nanomaterials in Regulating the Fate of Adipose-derived Stem Cells

Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy ◽

10.2174/1574888x15666200502000343 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 3-13

Author(s):

Lang Wang ◽

Yong Li ◽

Maorui Zhang ◽

Kui Huang ◽

Shuanglin Peng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Stem Cell Research ◽

Adult Stem Cells ◽

Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽

Proliferation And Differentiation ◽

Recent Developments ◽

Good Biocompatibility ◽

Regulatory Effects ◽

New Treatment

Adipose-derived stem cells are adult stem cells which are easy to obtain and multi-potent. Stem-cell therapy has become a promising new treatment for many diseases, and plays an increasingly important role in the field of tissue repair, regeneration and reconstruction. The physicochemical properties of the extracellular microenvironment contribute to the regulation of the fate of stem cells. Nanomaterials have stable particle size, large specific surface area and good biocompatibility, which has led them being recognized as having broad application prospects in the field of biomedicine. In this paper, we review recent developments of nanomaterials in adipose-derived stem cell research. Taken together, the current literature indicates that nanomaterials can regulate the proliferation and differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells. However, the properties and regulatory effects of nanomaterials can vary widely depending on their composition. This review aims to provide a comprehensive guide for future stem-cell research on the use of nanomaterials.

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The Use of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and their Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Cardiovascular Disease Treatment

Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy ◽

10.2174/1574888x15666200501235201 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (7) ◽

pp. 623-638

Author(s):

Saeideh Gholamzadeh Khoei ◽

Fateme Karimi Dermani ◽

Sara Malih ◽

Nashmin Fayazi ◽

Mohsen Sheykhhasan

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Extracellular Vesicles ◽

Adult Stem Cells ◽

Heart Diseases ◽

Therapeutic Option ◽

Current Treatment ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Cellular Source

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD), including disorders of cardiac muscle and vascular, is the major cause of death globally. Many unsuccessful attempts have been made to intervene in the disease's pathogenesis and treatment. Stem cell-based therapies, as a regeneration strategy, cast a new hope for CVD treatment. One of the most well-known stem cells is mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), classified as one of the adult stem cells and can be obtained from different tissues. These cells have superior properties, such as proliferation and highly specialized differentiation. On the other hand, they have the potential to modulate the immune system and anti-inflammatory activity. One of their most important features is the secreting the extracellular vesicles (EVs) like exosomes (EXOs) as an intercellular communication system mediating the different physiological and pathophysiological affairs. Methods: In this review study, the importance of MSC and its secretory exosomes for the treatment of heart disease has been together and specifically addressed and the use of these promising natural and accessible agents is predicted to replace the current treatment modalities even faster than we imagine. Results: MSC derived EXOs by providing a pro-regenerative condition allowing innate stem cells to repair damaged tissues successfully. As a result, MSCs are considered as the appropriate cellular source in regenerative medicine. In the plethora of experiments, MSCs and MSC-EXOs have been used for the treatment and regeneration of heart diseases and myocardial lesions. Conclusions: Administration of MSCs has been provided a replacement therapeutic option for heart regeneration, obtaining great attention among the basic researcher and the medical doctors.

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Promises and Challenges of Adult Stem Cells in Cancer Therapy

Immunology Endocrine & Metabolic Agents - Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1871522215666150910203656 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 138-144

Author(s):

Vincenzo Eterno ◽

Alberto Zambelli ◽

Lorenzo Pavesi ◽

Angela Amato

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Cancer Therapy ◽

Adult Stem Cells

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Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells to promote/suppress cancer: two sides of the same coin

Stem Cell Research & Therapy ◽

10.1186/s13287-021-02196-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ameneh Jafari ◽

Mostafa Rezaei-Tavirani ◽

Behrouz Farhadihosseinabadi ◽

Hakimeh Zali ◽

Hassan Niknejad

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Cancer Treatment ◽

Cancer Progression ◽

Adult Stem Cells ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Human Amniotic Membrane ◽

Amniotic Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Growth And Aging

AbstractCancer is a leading cause of death in both developed and developing countries, and because of population growth and aging, it is a growing medical burden worldwide. With robust development in medicine, the use of stem cells has opened new treatment modalities in cancer therapy. In adult stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are showing rising promise in cancer treatment due to their unique properties. Among different sources of MSCs, human amniotic fluid/membrane is an attractive and suitable reservoir. There are conflicting opinions about the role of human amniotic membrane/fluid mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCS/hAFMSCs) in cancer, as some studies demonstrating the anticancer effects of these cells and others suggesting their progressive effects on cancer. This review focuses on recent findings about the role of hAMSCs/hAFMSCs in cancer treatment and summarizes the suppressing as well as promoting effects of these cells on cancer progression and underling mechanisms.

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