Wide-Range and Highly Sensitive Chiral Sensing by Discrete 2D Chirality Transfer on Confined Surfaces of Au(I)-Thiolate Nanosheets

A wide range of polyfunctionalized di(hetero)aryl- and dialkenyl-magnesium reagents were prepared in toluene within 10 to 120 min between −78 °C and 25 °C via an I/Mg- or Br/Mg-exchange reaction using reagents of the general formula R2Mg (R = sBu, Mes). Highly sensitive functional groups, such as a triazene or a nitro group, were tolerated in these exchange reactions, enabling the synthesis of various functionalized (hetero)arenes and alkenes derivatives after quenching with several electrophiles including allyl bromides, acyl chlorides, aldehydes, ketones, and aryl iodides.

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6-Axis Stress Tensor Sensor Using Multifaceted Silicon Piezoresistors

Micromachines ◽

10.3390/mi12030279 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 279

Author(s):

Kentaro Noda ◽

Jian Sun ◽

Isao Shimoyama

Keyword(s):

Stress Tensor ◽

Elastic Body ◽

Building Materials ◽

Sensor Response ◽

Stress Change ◽

Sensor Chip ◽

Naked Eye ◽

Highly Sensitive ◽

Wide Range

A tensor sensor can be used to measure deformations in an object that are not visible to the naked eye by detecting the stress change inside the object. Such sensors have a wide range of application. For example, a tensor sensor can be used to predict fatigue in building materials by detecting the stress change inside the materials, thereby preventing accidents. In this case, a sensor of small size that can measure all nine components of the tensor is required. In this study, a tensor sensor consisting of highly sensitive piezoresistive beams and a cantilever to measure all of the tensor components was developed using MEMS processes. The designed sensor had dimensions of 2.0 mm by 2.0 mm by 0.3 mm (length by width by thickness). The sensor chip was embedded in a 15 mm3 cubic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) (polydimethylsiloxane) elastic body and then calibrated to verify the sensor response to the stress tensor. We demonstrated that 6-axis normal and shear Cauchy stresses with 5 kPa in magnitudes can be measured by using the fabricated sensor.

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State of the Science in Dried Blood Spots

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1373/clinchem.2017.275966 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 64 (4) ◽

pp. 656-679 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

Jeffrey D Freeman ◽

Lori M Rosman ◽

Jeremy D Ratcliff ◽

Paul T Strickland ◽

David R Graham ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Approach ◽

Full Range ◽

Dried Blood Spots ◽

Blood Spots ◽

Highly Sensitive ◽

Wide Range ◽

Potential Applications ◽

Review Of Reviews ◽

Near Term ◽

State Of The Science

Abstract BACKGROUND Advancements in the quality and availability of highly sensitive analytical instrumentation and methodologies have led to increased interest in the use of microsamples. Among microsamples, dried blood spots (DBS) are the most well-known. Although there have been a variety of review papers published on DBS, there has been no attempt at describing the full range of analytes measurable in DBS, or any systematic approach published for characterizing the strengths and weaknesses associated with adoption of DBS analyses. CONTENT A scoping review of reviews methodology was used for characterizing the state of the science in DBS. We identified 2018 analytes measured in DBS and found every common analytic method applied to traditional liquid samples had been applied to DBS samples. Analytes covered a broad range of biomarkers that included genes, transcripts, proteins, and metabolites. Strengths of DBS enable its application in most clinical and laboratory settings, and the removal of phlebotomy and the need for refrigeration have expanded biosampling to hard-to-reach and vulnerable populations. Weaknesses may limit adoption in the near term because DBS is a nontraditional sample often requiring conversion of measurements to plasma or serum values. Opportunities presented by novel methodologies may obviate many of the current limitations, but threats around the ethical use of residual samples must be considered by potential adopters. SUMMARY DBS provide a wide range of potential applications that extend beyond the reach of traditional samples. Current limitations are serious but not intractable. Technological advancements will likely continue to minimize constraints around DBS adoption.

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Multi-Quantum Dots-Embedded Silica-Encapsulated Nanoparticle-Based Lateral Flow Assay for Highly Sensitive Exosome Detection

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano11030768 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 768

Author(s):

Hyung-Mo Kim ◽

Chiwoo Oh ◽

Jaehyun An ◽

Seungki Baek ◽

Sungje Bock ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quantum Dots ◽

Limit Of Detection ◽

Specific Binding ◽

Calf Serum ◽

Lateral Flow ◽

Lateral Flow Immunoassay ◽

Uniform Size ◽

Highly Sensitive ◽

Wide Range ◽

New Biomarkers

Exosomes are attracting attention as new biomarkers for monitoring the diagnosis and prognosis of certain diseases. Colorimetric-based lateral-flow assays have been previously used to detect exosomes, but these have the disadvantage of a high limit of detection. Here, we introduce a new technique to improve exosome detection. In our approach, highly bright multi-quantum dots embedded in silica-encapsulated nanoparticles (M–QD–SNs), which have uniform size and are brighter than single quantum dots, were applied to the lateral flow immunoassay method to sensitively detect exosomes. Anti-CD63 antibodies were introduced on the surface of the M–QD–SNs, and a lateral flow immunoassay with the M–QD–SNs was conducted to detect human foreskin fibroblast (HFF) exosomes. Exosome samples included a wide range of concentrations from 100 to 1000 exosomes/µL, and the detection limit of our newly designed system was 117.94 exosome/μL, which was 11 times lower than the previously reported limits. Additionally, exosomes were selectively detected relative to the negative controls, liposomes, and newborn calf serum, confirming that this method prevented non-specific binding. Thus, our study demonstrates that highly sensitive and quantitative exosome detection can be conducted quickly and accurately by using lateral immunochromatographic analysis with M–QD–SNs.

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Highly Sensitive and Wide Range Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Detection of Cholesterol using Pencil Lead Electrodes

Journal of The Electrochemical Society ◽

10.1149/1945-7111/abf8d8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Navaneeth Punnakkal ◽

Jeethu Raveendran ◽

Suneesh Punathil Vasu ◽

Bipin G Nair ◽

T G Satheesh Babu

Keyword(s):

Electrochemical Detection ◽

Highly Sensitive ◽

Wide Range ◽

Lead Electrodes ◽

Pencil Lead

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Broadening the valid temperature range of optical thermometry through dual-mode design

Journal of Materials Chemistry C ◽

10.1039/c8tc03851a ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (41) ◽

pp. 11178-11183 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Yan Gao ◽

Yao Cheng ◽

Tao Hu ◽

Zeliang Ji ◽

Hang Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dual Mode ◽

Temperature Range ◽

Mode Design ◽

Optical Thermometry ◽

Highly Sensitive ◽

Wide Range ◽

Optical Thermometer

This study highlights a highly sensitive dual-mode optical thermometer Pr3+:Gd2ZnTiO6 for thermal readings over a wide range of temperature.

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Highly sensitive and multiplexed in situ protein profiling with cleavable fluorescent streptavidin

10.1101/555615 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Renjie Liao ◽

Diego Mastroeni ◽

Paul D. Coleman ◽

Jia Guo

Keyword(s):

Signal Amplification ◽

Individual Cell ◽

Protein Detection ◽

Protein Profiling ◽

Detection Sensitivity ◽

Layer By Layer ◽

Protein Targets ◽

Highly Sensitive ◽

Wide Range

AbstractThe ability to perform highly sensitive and multiplexed in situ protein analysis is crucial to advance our understanding of normal physiology and disease pathogenesis. To achieve this goal, here we develop an approach using cleavable biotin conjugated antibodies and cleavable fluorescent streptavidin (CFS). In this approach, protein targets are first recognized by the cleavable biotin labeled antibodies. Subsequently, CFS is applied to stain the protein targets. Though layer-by-layer signal amplification using cleavable biotin conjugated orthogonal antibodies and CSF, the protein detection sensitivity can be enhanced by at least 10 fold, compared with the existing methods. After imaging, the fluorophores and the biotins unbound to streptavidin are removed by chemical cleavage. The leftover streptavidin is blocked by biotin. Upon reiterative analysis cycles, a large number of different proteins with a wide range of expression levels can be unambiguously detected in individual cell in situ.

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A Newly Developed Mouse Monoclonal SOX10 Antibody Is a Highly Sensitive and Specific Marker for Malignant Melanoma, Including Spindle Cell and Desmoplastic Melanomas

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.5858/arpa.2014-0077-oa ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 139 (4) ◽

pp. 530-536 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

David Tacha ◽

Weimin Qi ◽

Seong Ra ◽

Ryan Bremer ◽

Charlie Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Malignant Melanoma ◽

Peripheral Nerve ◽

Immunohistochemical Staining ◽

Spindle Cell ◽

Breast Carcinomas ◽

Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors ◽

Highly Sensitive ◽

Wide Range

Context Recent immunohistochemical studies have demonstrated Sry-related HMG-Box gene 10 (SOX10) expression in malignant melanomas, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, a subset of breast carcinomas, and gliomas. SOX10 has shown important clinical utility in its ability to detect desmoplastic and spindle cell melanomas. To date, most publications have employed a research use–only goat polyclonal SOX10 antibody for immunohistochemical staining. Objective To describe the development of a new mouse monoclonal SOX10 antibody (BC34) and evaluate its immunohistochemical staining profile in a wide range of normal and neoplastic tissues, with an emphasis on melanoma. Design SOX10 antibody was optimized for staining using a polymer detection system and visualization with diaminobenzidine. Results In normal tissues, SOX10 was expressed in skin melanocytes and eccrine cells, breast myoepithelial and lobular epithelial cells, salivary gland myoepithelial cells, peripheral nerve Schwann cells, and central nervous system glial cells. SOX10 was expressed in 238 of 257 melanomas (92.6%), including 50 of 51 of both spindle cell and desmoplastic melanomas (98%). SOX10 was expressed in 100% of nevi (20 of 20) and schwannomas (28 of 28). In other neoplasms, SOX10 was expressed in 18 of 109 invasive ductal breast carcinomas (16.5%). All other carcinomas were negative for SOX10. SOX10 was identified in 25 of 52 central nervous system neoplasms, primarily in astrocytomas (22 of 41; 53.7%), and in 4 of 99 various sarcomas examined (4.0%). Conclusions The newly developed mouse monoclonal SOX10 antibody BC34 is highly sensitive and specific for malignant melanoma, including desmoplastic and spindle cell variants, and appears highly suitable for clinical use.

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Graphene Templated DNA Arrays and Biotin-Streptavidin Sensitive Bio-Transistors Patterned by Dynamic Self-Assembly of Polymeric Films Confined within a Roll-on-Plate Geometry

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano10081468 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1468

Author(s):

Sangheon Jeon ◽

Jihye Lee ◽

Rowoon Park ◽

Jeonghwa Jeong ◽

Min Chan Shin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Graphene Oxide ◽

Self Assembly ◽

Patterned Surfaces ◽

Dna Arrays ◽

Simple Strategy ◽

Modified Dna ◽

Highly Sensitive ◽

Wide Range ◽

Surface Chemistries ◽

Plate Geometry

Patterning of surfaces with a simple strategy provides insights into the functional interfaces by suitable modification of the surface by novel techniques. Especially, highly ordered structural topographies and chemical features from the wide range of interfaces have been considered as important characteristics to understand the complex relationship between the surface chemistries and biological systems. Here, we report a simple fabrication method to create patterned surfaces over large areas using evaporative self-assembly that is designed to produce a sacrificial template and lithographic etch masks of polymeric stripe patterns, ranging from micrometer to nanoscale. By facilitating a roll-on-plate geometry, the periodically patterned surface structures formed by repetitive slip-stick motions were thoroughly examined to be used for the deposition of the Au nanoparticles decorated graphene oxide (i.e., AuNPs, ~21 nm) and the formation of conductive graphene channels. The fluorescently labeled thiol-modified DNA was applied on the patterned arrays of graphene oxide (GO)/AuNPs, and biotin-streptavidin sensitive devices built with graphene-based transistors (GFETs, effective mobility of ~320 cm2 V−1 s−1) were demonstrated as examples of the platform for the next-generation biosensors with the high sensing response up to ~1 nM of target analyte (i.e., streptavidin). Our strategy suggests that the stripe patterned arrays of polymer films as sacrificial templates can be a simple route to creating highly sensitive biointerfaces and highlighting the development of new chemically patterned surfaces composed of graphene-based nanomaterials.

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