Calcite Nucleation on Mixed Acid/Alcohol Monolayers

Abstract Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) integrated circuits have become popular these days with superior speed/power products that permit the development of systems that otherwise would have made it impossible or impractical to construct using silicon semiconductors. However, failure analysis remains to be very challenging as GaAs material is easily dissolved when it is reacted with fuming nitric acid used during standard decapsulation process. By utilizing enhanced chemical decapsulation technique with mixture of fuming nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid at a low temperature backed with statistical analysis, successful plastic package decapsulation happens to be reproducible mainly for die level failure analysis purposes. The paper aims to develop a chemical decapsulation process with optimum parameters needed to successfully decapsulate plastic molded GaAs integrated circuits for die level failure analysis.

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Creation of Plasmidless and Markerless Escherichia coli Succinate Producing Strain and Evaluation of its Biosynthetic Potential during Utilization of Lignocellulosic Sugars

Biotekhnologiya ◽

10.21519/0234-2758-2020-36-2-3-11 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 3-11

Author(s):

O.A. Zhuravliova ◽

Т.А. Voeikova ◽

A.Yu. Gulevich ◽

V.G. Debabov

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Succinic Acid ◽

Plant Biomass ◽

Anaerobic Fermentation ◽

Basic Research ◽

Acid Fermentation ◽

Mixed Acid ◽

Gene Coding ◽

Lignocellulosic Sugars ◽

Basic Research Project

The plasmidless and markerless Escherichia coli succinate producing strain SGM2.0Pyc-int has been engineered and characterized. The strain has the inactivated main mixed-acid fermentation pathways due to the deletions of ldhA,poxB, ackA,pta, and adhE genes, constitutively expresses the genes of the aceEF-lpdA operon encoding components of pyravate dehydrogenase complex, and possesses the chromosomally integrated Bacillus subtilis pycA gene coding for pyruvate carboxylase. The capacity of the strain to synthesize succinic acid in course of dual-phase aerobic-anaerobic fermentation with lignocellulosic sugars as substrates was studied. The SGM2.0Pyc-int strain synthesized succinic acid from glucose, xylose, and arabinose with a molar yields of 1.41 mol/mol, 1.18 mol/mol, and 1.18 mol/mol, respectively, during the anaerobic production stage. The constructed strain has great potential for developing efficient processes for the succinic acid production from plant biomass-derived sugars. Escherichia coli, fermentation, arabinose, glucose, xylose, succinic acid. The work was supported by a Grant from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Project no. 18-29-14005).

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New surface treatment techniques to minimize copper alloy leaching in drinking water

Water Practice & Technology ◽

10.2166/wpt.2012.082 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Norikazu Sugaya

Keyword(s):

Surface Treatment ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Organic Film ◽

Forming Process ◽

Mixed Acid ◽

Treatment Techniques ◽

Acid Washing ◽

Washing Process ◽

Film Forming ◽

Materials Used

This new surface treatment is simple and easy as well as low in cost. The processes can even be performed by hand. Pharmaceutical raw materials used for the surface treatment, such as hydrochloric acid and nitric acid used in a mixed acid washing process and vegetable oil used in an organic film forming process, are easily obtained in many countries.

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Mixed Acid-Base Abnormality in a Patient with Herbicide Poisoning - Possible Insights on the Mechanism of Toxicity

Toxicology International ◽

10.22506/ti/2016/v23/i1/146681 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 104

Author(s):

Rubina Khullar Mahajan ◽

BinilaChacko ◽

Vignesh Kumar Chandiraseharan ◽

John Victor Peter

Keyword(s):

Acid Base ◽

Mixed Acid ◽

Mechanism Of Toxicity

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Effects of Anodizing Conditions on Thermal Properties of Al 20XX Alloys for Aircraft

Symmetry ◽

10.3390/sym13030433 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 433

Author(s):

Junghyun Park ◽

Kyeongsik Son ◽

Junghoon Lee ◽

Donghyun Kim ◽

Wonsub Chung

Keyword(s):

Sulfuric Acid ◽

Heat Dissipation ◽

Digital Camera ◽

High Hardness ◽

Laser Flash ◽

Mixed Acid ◽

Aerospace Applications ◽

Laser Flash Analysis ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Optimized Conditions

Anodizing was applied to improve the heat dissipation performance of aluminum (Al) alloys, by forming an oxide layer, such that they could be employed in aerospace applications. The methods employed were hard sulfuric acid (high hardness), soft sulfuric acid (low hardness), boric-sulfuric mixed acid, tin-sulfuric mixed acid, and chromic acid solutions. Each process was completed under optimized conditions. The surface morphology was observed using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and a digital camera. For the determination of thermal performance, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was used to measure the emissivity at 50 °C, and laser flash analysis (LFA) was utilized to analyze the thermal diffusivity at room temperature to 300 °C. The radiative property of metals is often ignored because of their low emissivity, however, in this research, the emissivity of the metal oxides was found to be higher than that of bare metal series. This study improved the heat dissipation properties by oxidization of Al via the anodizing process.

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Metabolic Profiling of Xylooligosaccharides by Lactobacilli

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym12102387 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (10) ◽

pp. 2387

Author(s):

Ilia Iliev ◽

Tonka Vasileva ◽

Veselin Bivolarski ◽

Albena Momchilova ◽

Iskra Ivanova

Keyword(s):

Plasma Membranes ◽

Meat Products ◽

Lactobacillus Brevis ◽

Degree Of Polymerization ◽

Acid Fermentation ◽

Carbohydrate Utilization ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Mixed Acid ◽

Rat Liver Plasma Membranes ◽

Different Types

Three lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains identified as Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus brevis, and Lactobacillus sakei isolated from meat products were tested for their ability to utilize and grow on xylooligosaccharides (XOSs). The extent of carbohydrate utilization by the studied strains was analyzed by HPLC. All three strains showed preferences for the degree of polymerization (DP). The added oligosaccharides induced the LAB to form end-products of typical mixed-acid fermentation. The utilization of XOSs by the microorganisms requires the action of three important enzymes: β-xylosidase (EC 3.2.1.37) exo-oligoxylanase (EC 3.2.1.156) and α-L-arabinofuranosidase (EC 3.2.1.55). The presence of intracellular β-D-xylosidase in Lb. brevis, Lb. plantarum, and Lb. sakei suggest that XOSs might be the first imported into the cell by oligosaccharide transporters, followed by their degradation to xylose. The studies on the influence of XOS intake on the lipids of rat liver plasma membranes showed that oligosaccharides display various beneficial effects for the host organism, which are probably specific for each type of prebiotic used. The utilization of different types of oligosaccharides may help to explain the ability of Lactobacillus strains to compete with other bacteria in the ecosystem of the human gastrointestinal tract.

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