.gamma.-Radiolysis of 2-propanol. IV. Radiation-induced oxidation of 2-propanol by dialkyl peroxide

1968 ◽  
Vol 90 (24) ◽  
pp. 6773-6776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warren V. Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiolysis ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Dialkyl Peroxide

scholarly journals On the Mechanism of the Steady-State Gamma Radiolysis-Induced Scissions of the Phenyl-Vinyl Polyester-Based Resins

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorelis González-López ◽  
Logan Kearney ◽  
Christopher J. Janke ◽  
James Wishart ◽  
Nihal Kanbargi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Oh Radicals ◽  
Polyester Resins ◽  
Alkoxy Radicals ◽  
Gamma Radiolysis ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Polymeric Waste ◽  
Methylene Group

The major societal problem of polymeric waste necessitates new approaches to break down especially challenging discarded waste streams. Gamma radiation was utilized in conjunction with varying solvent environments in an attempt to discern the efficacy of radiolysis as a tool for the deliberate degradation of model network polyesters. Our EPR results demonstrated that gamma radiolysis of neat resin and in the presence of four widely used solvents induces glycosidic scissions on the backbone of the polyester chains. EPR results clearly show the formation of alkoxy radicals and C-centered radicals as primary intermediate radiolytic products. Despite the protective role of the phenyl groups on the backbone of the radiation-induced polyester chains, the radiolytic-glycosidic scissions predominate. Among the following three solvents used in this study (water, isopropyl alcohol, and dichloromethane), the highest radiolytic yield of glycosidic scission was achieved using water. The •OH radicals produced in the radiolysis of phenyl unsaturated polyester aqueous suspensions very rapidly abstract H atoms from the methylene group, which is followed by a very rapid glycosidic scission. The lowest glycosidic yield was found in the dichloromethane solutions of these polyester resins due to scavenging by the fast electron capture reactions.

Radiation-induced reactions of nitroanthracene derivatives studied by gamma-radiolysis and pulse radiolysis

1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 387-392
Author(s):  
Toshihiro Nakayama ◽  
Masaki Kimoto ◽  
Kumao Hamanoue ◽  
Hiroshi Teranishi ◽  
Masakazu Washio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Radiolysis ◽  
Gamma Radiolysis ◽  
Radiation Induced

scholarly journals Scanning transmission X-ray microscopy studies of chromium hydroxide hollow spheres and nanoparticles formed by gamma radiation

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (11) ◽  
pp. 1146-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiqiang Wang ◽  
Leena Alrehaily ◽  
Jiju Joseph ◽  
Jungsook Clara Wren ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Structure ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Intermediate Product ◽  
Hollow Spheres ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chromium Hydroxide ◽  
Gamma Radiolysis ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Radiation Induced

Amorphous chromium-containing solid nanoparticles and hollow spheres were formed as the intermediate product during the synthesis of Cr2O3 by gamma radiolysis of dichromate solution. Scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) is applied to investigate the electronic structure and chemical composition of this intermediate product (solid nanoparticles and hollow spheres). The STXM result obtained at O K-edge and Cr L3,2-edge confirms that chromium in the sample exists as Cr3+ and that the solid nanoparticles and hollow spheres are both Cr(OH)3. Combined with other techniques, a mechanism for gamma radiation induced formation of Cr2O3 nanoparticles via Cr(OH)3 intermediates from dissolved dichromate is proposed.

Effect of ferrous ion concentration on the kinetics of radiation-induced iron-oxide nanoparticle formation and growth

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 695-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. I. Sutherland ◽  
C. J. Sparks ◽  
J. M. Joseph ◽  
Z. Wang ◽  
G. Whitaker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Kinetic Modelling ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Iron Oxide Nanoparticle ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Gamma Radiolysis ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticle ◽  
Kinetics Of

Magnetite nanoparticles with a narrow size distribution were produced via gamma-radiolysis of FeSO4 solutions. The average particle size increased with [Fe2+]0. A multistage mechanism (supported by radiolysis kinetic modelling) is described that can explain the observed dependence of particle size on [Fe2+]0.

Radiation-Induced Precipitation at Thin Foil Surfaces in Ni-Be Alloys

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 598-599
Author(s):  
T. Mukai ◽  
T. E. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Electron Irradiation ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Thin Foil ◽  
Homogeneous Precipitation ◽  
High Voltage Electron Microscopy ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
High Voltage Electron ◽  
Radiation Induced

Radiation-induced homogeneous precipitation in Ni-Be alloys was recently observed by high voltage electron microscopy. A coupling of interstitial flux with solute Be atoms is responsible for the precipitation. The present investigation further shows that precipitation is also induced at thin foil surfaces by electron irradiation under a high vacuum.

Annealing Of Radiation Damage in Tungsten

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 412-413
Author(s):  
Robert C. Rau ◽  
John Moteff
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Thermal Annealing ◽  
Neutron Fluence ◽  
Dislocation Loops ◽  
Defect Clusters ◽  
Polycrystalline Tungsten ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Radiation Induced

Transmission electron microscopy has been used to study the thermal annealing of radiation induced defect clusters in polycrystalline tungsten. Specimens were taken from cylindrical tensile bars which had been irradiated to a fast (E > 1 MeV) neutron fluence of 4.2 × 1019 n/cm2 at 70°C, annealed for one hour at various temperatures in argon, and tensile tested at 240°C in helium. Foils from both the unstressed button heads and the reduced areas near the fracture were examined.Figure 1 shows typical microstructures in button head foils. In the unannealed condition, Fig. 1(a), a dispersion of fine dot clusters was present. Annealing at 435°C, Fig. 1(b), produced an apparent slight decrease in cluster concentration, but annealing at 740°C, Fig. 1(C), resulted in a noticeable densification of the clusters. Finally, annealing at 900°C and 1040°C, Figs. 1(d) and (e), caused a definite decrease in cluster concentration and led to the formation of resolvable dislocation loops.

Radiation-induced surface decomposition

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 368-369
Author(s):  
M. L. Knotek
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Atomic Structure ◽  
Chemical Bonding ◽  
Neutral Species ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Surface Decomposition ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Electron And Photon ◽  
Surface Bond

Modern surface analysis is based largely upon the use of ionizing radiation to probe the electronic and atomic structure of the surfaces physical and chemical makeup. In many of these studies the ionizing radiation used as the primary probe is found to induce changes in the structure and makeup of the surface, especially when electrons are employed. A number of techniques employ the phenomenon of radiation induced desorption as a means of probing the nature of the surface bond. These include Electron- and Photon-Stimulated Desorption (ESD and PSD) which measure desorbed ionic and neutral species as they leave the surface after the surface has been excited by some incident ionizing particle. There has recently been a great deal of activity in determining the relationship between the nature of chemical bonding and its susceptibility to radiation damage.

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