Influence of Phenolic Constituents from Yucca schidigera Bark on Arachidonate Metabolism in Vitro

AbstractObjectivesRauvolfia vomitoria is a medicinal plant used traditionally in Africa in the management of several human diseases including psychosis. However, there is inadequate scientific information on the potency of the phenolic constituents of R. vomitoria leaf in the management of neurodegeneration. Therefore, this study characterized the phenolic constituents and investigated the effects of aqueous and methanolic extracts of R. vomitoria leaf on free radicals, Fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation, and critical enzymes linked to neurodegeneration in rat’s brain in vitro.MethodsThe polyphenols were evaluated by characterizing phenolic constituents using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). The antioxidant properties were assessed through the extracts ability to reduce Fe3+ to Fe2+; inhibit ABTS, DPPH, and OH radicals and Fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation. The effects of the extracts on AChE and MAO were also evaluated.ResultsThe phenolic characterization of R. vomitoria leaf revealed that there were more flavonoids present. Both aqueous and methanolic extracts of R. vomitoria leaf had inhibitory effects with the methanolic extract having higher significant (p≤0.05) free radicals scavenging ability coupled with inhibition of monoamine oxidases. However, there was no significant (p≤0.05) difference obtained in the inhibition of lipid peroxidation and cholinesterases.ConclusionThis study suggests that the rich phenolic constituents of R. vomitoria leaf might contribute to the observed antioxidative and neuroprotective effects. The methanolic extract was more potent than the aqueous extract; therefore, extraction of R. vomitoria leaf with methanol could offer better health-promoting effects in neurodegenerative condition.

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Seasonal dynamics of the phenolic constituents of the cones and leaves of oriental Thuja (Platycladus orientalis L.) reveal their anti-inflammatory biomarkers

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/d1ra01681d ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (40) ◽

pp. 24624-24635

Author(s):

Reham S. Darwish ◽

Hala M. Hammoda ◽

Doaa A. Ghareeb ◽

Ali S. A. Abdelhamid ◽

Fathallah M. Harraz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seasonal Dynamics ◽

Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Platycladus Orientalis ◽

Phenolic Constituents ◽

Anti Inflammatory

In this study, the seasonal dynamics of the flavonoids in the cones and leaves of oriental Thuja (Platycladus orientalis L. Franco) as well as the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of their extracts were investigated.

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Triterpene Acid and Phenolics from Ancient Apples of Friuli Venezia Giulia as Nutraceutical Ingredients: LC-MS Study and In Vitro Activities

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24061109 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (6) ◽

pp. 1109 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Stefania Sut ◽

Gokhan Zengin ◽

Filippo Maggi ◽

Mario Malagoli ◽

Stefano Dall’Acqua

Keyword(s):

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Inhibitory Effects ◽

Triterpene Acid ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Triterpene Acids ◽

Phenolic Constituents ◽

Friuli Venezia Giulia

Triterpene acid and phenolic constituents from nine ancient varieties of apple (Malus domestica) fruits cultivated in Fanna, Friuli Venezia Giulia region, northeast Italy, were analyzed and compared with four commercial apples (‘Golden Delicious’, ‘Red Delicious’, ‘Granny Smith’ and ‘Royal Gala’). Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were measured by spectrophotometric assays. The quali-quantitative fingerprint of secondary metabolites including triterpene acid was obtained by LC-DAD-(ESI)-MS and LC-(APCI)-MS, respectively. Based on the two LC-MS datasets, multivariate analysis was used to compare the composition of ancient fruit varieties with those of four commercial apples. Significant differences related mainly to the pattern of triterpene acids were found. Pomolic, euscaphyc, maslinic and ursolic acids are the most abundant triterpene in ancient varieties pulps and peels, while ursolic and oleanolic acids were prevalent in the commercial fruits. Also, the content of the phenolic compounds phloretin-2-O-xyloglucoside and quercetin-3-O-arabinoside was greater in ancient apple varieties. The antioxidant (radical scavenging, reducing power, metal chelating and phosphomolybdenum assays) and enzyme inhibitory effects (against cholinesterase, tyrosinase, amylase and glucosidase) of the samples were investigated in vitro. Antioxidant assays showed that the peels were more active than pulps. However, all the samples exhibited similar enzyme inhibitory effects. Ancient Friuli Venezia Giulia apple cultivars can be a source of chlorogenic acid and various triterpene acids, which are known for their potential anti-inflammatory activity and beneficial effects on lipid and glucose metabolism. Our results make these ancient varieties suitable for the development of new nutraceutical ingredients.

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Anti-austeric Activity of Phenolic Constituents of Seeds of Arctium lappa

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1300800414 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 1934578X1300800 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Yasuhiro Tezuka ◽

Keiichi Yamamoto ◽

Suresh Awale ◽

Feng Li ◽

Satoshi Yomoda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pancreatic Cancer ◽

Cytotoxic Activity ◽

Chlorogenic Acid ◽

Human Pancreatic Cancer ◽

Arctium Lappa ◽

Dicaffeoylquinic Acid ◽

Phenolic Constituents ◽

Pure Compounds ◽

F 14

From seeds of Arctium lappa L. (Asteraceae) we obtained arctigenin (1), arctiin (2), chlorogenic acid (3), 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (4), 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (5), 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid (6), matairesinol (11), isolappaol A (12), lappaol F (14), and lappaol B (15), together with 1:1 mixtures of isolappaol C (7) and lappaol C (8), arctignan E (9) and arctignan D (10), and 12 and lappaol A (13), while 3,3′,4′-tri- O-demethylarctigenin (16), 3,3′-di- O-demethyl-4′-dehydroxyarctigenin (17), and 3- O-demethylarctigenin (18) were obtained by anaerobic microbiological metabolism of 1. Then, we evaluated the in vitro preferential cytotoxic activity of these pure compounds and 1:1 mixtures, together with enterodiol (19) and enterolactone (20), against human pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells in nutrient-deprived medium (NDM). Among them, 1 and 18 showed potent activity, with PC50 values of 1.75 and 4.38 μ M, respectively, while 11, 15, and 17 showed mild activity with PC50 values of 31.1, 30.9, and 38.7 μ/M, respectively. By comparing their structures and PC50 values, the following structural moieties could be concluded to be important for the preferential cytotoxicity of 1: 1) the 3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl group at the 2-position on the γ-butyrolactone ring, 2) the less polar substituent at the 3-position on the γ-butyrolactone ring, and 3) the γ-butyrolactone ring.

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Phenolic Constituents in Dried Flowers of Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis) and their in vitro Antioxidative Capacity

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/s-2007-967202 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 73 (6) ◽

pp. 599-602 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Shirin Keyhanian ◽

Elisabeth Stahl-Biskup

Keyword(s):

Aloe Vera ◽

Antioxidative Capacity ◽

Aloe Barbadensis ◽

Phenolic Constituents

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Spondias purpurea L. Stem Bark Extract: Antioxidant and in vitro Photoprotective Activities

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society ◽

10.21577/0103-5053.20210082 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Francisco Alessandro Rodrigues ◽

Priscylla Giffony ◽

Sarah dos Santos ◽

Jhonyson Guedes ◽

Maria Elenir Ribeiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Active Ingredient ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽

Bark Extract ◽

Protection Factor ◽

Phenolic Constituents ◽

Stem Bark Extract ◽

Spondias Purpurea

Plant phenolic extracts are widely recognized as an important source of natural antioxidant substances and potential compounds for cosmetic formulations. This study aimed to evaluate the chemical profile, photoprotective and antioxidant activities of stem bark extract of Spondias purpurea L. (ciriguela) and its application in photoprotective formulations. Thirty phenolic constituents were annotated by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with an electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry in mode negative (UPLC‑QTOF-MS2). The stem bark extract antioxidant and chelation potential, expressed in half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50), showed 6.25 and 352.22 μg mL−1, respectively. The phenolic extract was used as an active ingredient in six sunscreen formulations, with concentrations ranging from 0.2 to 10%. The ultraviolet (UV) protection properties of the formulations were evaluated by sun protection factor (SPF) values obtained in 0.2 mg mL−1 (0.495 to 2.27) and 2.0 mg mL−1 (2.29 to 15.87). The SPF value for the extract (14.37 and 26.16) was high, but there was a reduction in the base formulation. However, these results suggested that the bioactive extracted of stem bark of Spondias purpurea L. has interesting potential to reduce the damage caused by UV radiation and may be utilized as an active ingredient in a sunscreen formulation.

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Interactions between phenolic constituents of Scutellaria salviifolia and key targets associated with inflammation: network pharmacology, molecular docking analysis and in vitro assays

Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics ◽

10.1080/07391102.2021.2019119 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-14

Author(s):

Zeynep Dogan ◽

Vahap Murat Kutluay ◽

Yasin Genc ◽

Iclal Saracoglu

Keyword(s):

Molecular Docking ◽

In Vitro Assays ◽

Network Pharmacology ◽

Docking Analysis ◽

Phenolic Constituents ◽

Molecular Docking Analysis

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Arachidonate metabolism increases as rat alveolar type II cells differentiate in vitro

AJP Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajplung.1990.259.2.l73 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 259 (2) ◽

pp. L73-L80 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

R. J. Lipchik ◽

J. B. Chauncey ◽

R. Paine ◽

R. H. Simon ◽

M. Peters-Golden

Keyword(s):

Primary Cultures ◽

Alveolar Type ◽

Ionophore A23187 ◽

Type Ii Cells ◽

Type Ii ◽

In Vitro Differentiation ◽

Eicosanoid Synthesis ◽

Arachidonate Metabolism ◽

Cells Cultured

Rat type II alveolar epithelial cells are known to undergo morphological and functional changes when maintained in culture for several days. Having previously demonstrated that these cells can deacylate free arachidonic acid (AA) and metabolize it to products of the cyclooxygenase pathway, the present study was undertaken to determine whether in vitro differentiation was accompanied by alterations in the availability and metabolism of AA. We assessed the constitutive and ionophore A23187-induced deacylation and metabolism of endogenous AA, as well as the metabolism of exogenously supplied AA, in primary cultures of rat type II cells at days 2, 4, and 7 after isolation. Levels of free endogenous AA were increased at day 4, whereas eicosanoid synthesis, predominantly prostaglandin E2 and prostacyclin, increased markedly only at day 7. A similar time course of augmentation of prostanoid release was seen in response to exogenous AA. Type II cells cultured on fibronectin, intended to hasten cell flattening and spreading, demonstrated accelerated increases in available free AA in response to A23187; cells cultured on basement membrane derived from Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm mouse sarcoma, known to maintain the type II phenotype, exhibited diminished levels of available free AA. From these findings, we conclude that alterations in arachidonate metabolism are linked to alterations in cellular phenotype. The potentiation of eicosanoid synthesis accompanying in vitro differentiation suggests a possible role for the alveolar epithelium in the modulation of inflammation and fibrosis in the distal lung.

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