Feasibility for Improving Phytonutrient Content in Vegetable Crops Using Conventional Breeding Strategies: Case Study with Carotenoids and Tocopherols in Sweet Corn and Broccoli

Farming is done in general farmers polyculture with the aim to increase revenues and avoid crop failure. Farming is carried out consisting of several commodities both crops and livestock. Generally farming is done is still not provide sufficient revenues Living Needs. This study aims to determine the system of crop and cattle farming in upland South Kalimantan, and to determine whether the income generated from farming to meet to the needs of decent living. This research is a case study in the village of Central Banua and Sumber Makmur, Takisung district, Tanah Laut regency. This study was conducted in 2012. Research was conducted by way of a survey approach Focus Group Discussion conducted with the involvement of several community leaders /key figures to describe the profile , potential and problems in the region or village level. The analysis used is analysis of revenue, contribution revenue, and contribution to the farm income Living Needs (KHL). The results showed that the dominant farming by farmers in the study site, namely rice, sweet corn and cattle. Mean scale paddy cultivation to 0.62 ha, 0.68 ha of sweet corn and cattle 5.15 Animal Unit. Farming is done generating the value of R/C is more than one viable means for cultivated. The revenue contribution of rice 24.52 %, 50.83 % sweet corn and cows 24.65 % . Contribution income from rice farming, sweet corn and beef cattle on Living Needs of 50.94 %.

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Control of Corn Lepidoptera with Foliar Applications, 1997

Arthropod Management Tests ◽

10.1093/amt/23.1.100 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 100-101

Author(s):

A. M. Shelton ◽

W. T. Wilsey

Keyword(s):

Sweet Corn ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Plant Spacing ◽

Foliar Sprays ◽

Ear Injury ◽

Over The Top

Abstract Two separate trials were conducted. Corn for the first trial was planted on 28 May and for the second trial on 12 Jun, both at the Vegetable Crops Research Farm near Geneva, NY. The plants were arranged in a RCB design with four replicates of nine treatments and one check. Plots consisted of seven 25-ft rows of sweet corn on 30-inch centers with 9-inch plant spacing. Blocks were separated by 25 ft. Treatments involved three applications of each insecticide for controlling naturally intesting Lepidoptera. Foliar sprays were applied with a 5-row CO2-pressurized high-boy tractor-mounted boom, having 3 nozzles per row (one over the top and one drop nozzle on each side) with flat fan 110015 tips, and delivering 30 gpa at 47 psi and 2.5 mph. Silwet L-77 spray adjuvant was applied at 0.1% v/v with all treatments. In the first trial, insecticides were applied on 8, 15, and 23 Aug. Treatments for the second trial were applied on 15, 23 Aug, and 2 Sep. Trials were evalu-ated on 2 and 8 Sep for the respective plots by selecting 25 ears from the five treated rows of each plot and evaluating them for ear injury.

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Advances in Plant Breeding Strategies: Vegetable Crops

10.1007/978-3-030-66965-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Keyword(s):

Plant Breeding ◽

Breeding Strategies ◽

Vegetable Crops

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Flame Cultivation for Controlling Weeds

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.31.4.696a ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 696a-696

Author(s):

Richard L. Parish

Keyword(s):

Cell Walls ◽

Public Perception ◽

Sweet Corn ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Limited Efficacy ◽

Lima Beans ◽

Gas Flame ◽

Cotton Farmers ◽

Water Shield ◽

Selection Of

Flame “cultivation” for weed control was developed about 50 years ago. The practice was very popular with Southern cotton farmers through the 1950s and 1960s, but lost favor when petroleum prices rose drastically in the 1970s. There is now a new interest in the practice of flame cultivation as a partial or total replacement for herbicides in vegetable crops. This interest is fueled by three factors: 1) an increasingly negative public perception of herbicides on vegetables, 2) a very limited selection of herbicides labeled for vegetables, and 3) limited efficacy of some of the herbicides that are registered. Flame cultivation, in combination with mechanical cultivation, can replace or supplement herbicides in some vegetable crops. The mode of action of flame cultivation is the bursting of cell walls in the weeds as the weeds are heated by a carefully directed LP gas flame. With most vegetable crops, the crop plants must be protected in some manner. This can be done with a water shield (flat fan water spray), height differential between weeds and crop, physical shield, etc. Much of the early work on flame cultivation of vegetables was done with sweet corn. Work is now underway on flame cultivation of lima beans and southernpeas, where multiple flame cultivations have proven effective at controlling weeds for which no herbicide is available.

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Crop Nutrient Survey Results for Five Vegetable Crops in Dade County, Florida

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.32.3.524b ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 524B-524

Author(s):

Mary Lamberts ◽

Teresa Olczyk ◽

Stephen K. O'Hair ◽

Juan Carranza ◽

Herbert H. Bryan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cover Crops ◽

Management Practices ◽

Sweet Corn ◽

Baseline Survey ◽

Dade County ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Fertilizer Management ◽

Fertilizer Recommendations ◽

Survey Results ◽

Fertilizer Rates

A baseline survey was conducted to determine grower fertilizer management practices for five vegetable crops: beans, malanga, potatoes, sweet corn, and squash. This was done in conjunction with a 3-year replicated fertility trial with four vegetable crops (1993–94 through 1995–96) in the Homestead area. Questions included: fertilizer rates and timing, source(s) of fertilizer recommendations, soil and tissue testing, irrigation, changes in practices, summer cover crops, rock plowing, spacing, and type of fertilizer used. Survey results will be presented.

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Response of Four Vegetable Crops to Fluridone-treated Irrigation Water

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/horttech.6.4.396 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 396-400

Author(s):

Stratford H. Kay ◽

Ross B. Leidy ◽

David W. Monks

Keyword(s):

Irrigation Water ◽

Sweet Corn ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Matter Content ◽

Bell Pepper ◽

Loamy Sand ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Humic Matter ◽

Zea May ◽

Aquatic Herbicide

Greenhouse studies examined the effects of an aquatic herbicide (fluridone) in irrigation water on four vegetable crops growing on two soils. Tests on Fuquay loamy sand (0.3% humic matter) and Portsmouth fine sandy loam (4.1% humic matter) examined fluridone concentrations ≤250 μg·L−1. Injury to sweet corn (Zea may L.), cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), bell pepper (Capsicum annum L.), and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) on these soils varied with soil type and stage of plant growth. Seedlings or new transplants were more susceptible to fluridone damage than older plants. All plants showed more injury on Fuquay loamy sand, which had the lowest humic matter content. Injury to cucumber occurred only to seedlings exposed to 250 μg·L−1 on the Fuquay loamy sand. Bell pepper was the most sensitive crop to fluridone. The “no observed effects level” below which no significant injury of a crop occurred over both soil types and both stages of crop maturity was 5 μg·L−1 for sweet corn, bell pepper, and tomato and 100 μg·L−1 for cucumber.

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Marketing problems of kohlrabi, carrot and cauliflower: A case study of Lakhipur Community Development Block of Goalpara District, Assam, India

Agricultural Science Digest - A Research Journal ◽

10.18805/ag.d-4871 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Abdul Wakil Ali

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Community Development ◽

Significant Role ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Value Addition ◽

Development Block ◽

Employment Generation ◽

Selection Of ◽

Price Spread

Lakhipur Community Development block of Goalpara district of Assam has been selected for the study. The reason behind selection of the area is that Kohlrabi, Carrot and Cauliflower play a significant role in the economy of the district. Growing vegetables sector provides opportunities for employment generation, attain income and food security and increase income through value addition. However, due to the absence of efficient marketing facilities and processing units farmers do not receive remunerative prices. As most of the vegetable crops are perishable, their harvest and marketing are very crucial for boosting the development of these crops. It was observed that about 4.03 per cent of Kohlrabi, 3.57 per cent of Carrot and 3.22 per cent of Cauliflower’s scope for increasing producer’s share in consumer’s price. And also seen that absence of proper marketing facilities in the post harvest operations from the farmers to the consumers are found responsible for the wide price spread.

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Extending Crop Nutrient Information: Involving the Whole Industry

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.31.4.594e ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 594e-594

Author(s):

Mary Lamberts ◽

Teresa Olczyk ◽

Stephen K. O'Hair ◽

Juan Carranza ◽

Herbert H. Bryan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sweet Corn ◽

Soil Testing ◽

Dade County ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Nutrient Requirements ◽

Testing Model ◽

Additional Information ◽

Snap Beans ◽

Xanthosoma Sagittifolium ◽

Plant Sap

Replicated fertility trials with four vegetable crops on the limestone soils of Dade County, Fla., have been conducted for 3 years (1993–94 through 1995–96). The purpose was 1) to determine crop nutrient requirements, 2) to calibrate a soil testing model, and 3) to develop additional information for plant sap quick tests. The crops included snap beans, Irish potatoes, sweet corn, and malanga (a.k.a. yautia or tannia, Xanthosoma sagittifolium Schott). Another two field demonstrations using reduced rates of phosphorus on tomatoes were conducted in 1995–96. The involvement of the local fertilizer industry in these trials and grower outreach efforts will be discussed.

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Can Sunn Hemp Decrease Nitrogen Fertilizer Requirements of Vegetable Crops in the Southeastern United States?

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.41.4.1005d ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 1005D-1005 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Laura Avila ◽

Johannes Scholberg ◽

Nancy Roe ◽

Corey Cherr

Keyword(s):

Fossil Fuels ◽

Sweet Corn ◽

Community Supported Agriculture ◽

Corn Yield ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Vegetable Crop ◽

Conventional Agriculture ◽

Sunn Hemp ◽

N Rates ◽

Farm System

Increased dependency of conventional agriculture on inorganic fertilizers and fossil fuels may hamper long-term sustainability of agricultural production. Sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea) was tested during summer in a Community Supported Agriculture vegetable crop operation located in Southeast Florida, from 2003 to 2005. Farm system components included sunn hemp (SH) vs. a conventional fallow during summer, tomato (Lycopersicon esculentus) and pepper (Capsicum annum) during winter and spring sweet corn (Zea mays). Tomato and pepper were fertilized with 0, 67, 133, 200 kg N/ha (2003) vs. 0,100, 200 kg N/ha (2004/05). Sweet corn received 133 or 200 kg N ha (2003) vs. 100 kg N/ha (2004/05). Average SH biomass was 3.7 Mg/ha. In 2003 tomato yields following SH without supplemental N were similar to fallow, with 200 kg N/ha. By the third year, tomato and pepper yields in SH plots were 25% and 26% higher, respectively. Conventional pepper amended with 200 kg N/ha had only 8% higher yields than treatments amended with 100 kg N ha and CC. Overall, sweet corn had low yields, but yields increased if the preceding tomato/pepper crop received higher N rates. In 2003, sweet corn fertilized with 200 kg N/ha following a SH-fall vegetable crop produced 17% higher marketable yields compared to the fallow treatment. During 2004 and 2005, sweet corn within the SH-non-fertilized tomato system produced 29% higher yields compared to a similar conventional system. Results show that, in this rotation, both fall vegetable crops and sweet corn yield benefit from residual N fertilizer. Mineralization of SH may thus not only benefit the immediately following crop, but its effects can be seen later during the year.

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Using Hairy Vetch to Manage Soil Phosphorus Accumulation from Poultry Litter Applications in a Warm-season Vegetable Rotation

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.37.3.490 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 490-495

Author(s):

Clydette M. Alsup ◽

Brian A. Kahn ◽

Mark E. Payton

Keyword(s):

Cover Crops ◽

Sweet Corn ◽

Poultry Litter ◽

Cropping System ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Soil Test ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Hairy Vetch ◽

Soil Test P ◽

Vegetable Rotation

Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) cover crops were grown in a rotation with sweet corn (Zea mays var. rugosa Bonaf.) and muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. Reticulatus group) to evaluate the legume's ability to remove excess P from soils when poultry litter was used as a fertilizer. Fertilizer treatments were: 1) litter to meet each crop's recommended preplant N requirements (1×); 2) litter at twice the recommended rate (2×); and 3) urea at the 1× rate as the control. Following the vegetable crops, hairy vetch was planted on half of each replication, while the other half was fallowed. The vetch was removed from the field in a simulated haying operation in the spring. Soil samples were taken at 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm depths at the onset of the study and after each crop to monitor plant nutrient concentrations. The vetch sometimes raised soil test N concentrations at the 0-15 cm depth. Soil test P concentrations at the 0-15 cm sampling depth in the vetch system were consistently lower numerically, but not statistically, relative to comparable plots in the fallow system. Soil test P at the 0-15 cm depth was usually increased by litter at the 2× rate relative to the urea control, regardless of cropping system. Yields of both vegetable crops were similar among all cover crop and fertilizer treatments.

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