Antioxidant Status of Red Blood Cells and Liver in Hypercholesterolemic Rats Fed Hypolipidemic Spices

2004 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kempaiah ◽  
Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Glutathione Transferase ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Dietary Spices

Animal studies were carried out to examine the beneficial influence of known hypolipidemic spice principles – curcumin, capsaicin, and garlic – on the antioxidant status of red blood cells and liver under induced hypercholesterolemic conditions. Groups of experimental rats rendered hypercholesterolemic were maintained on curcumin (0.2%)/capsaicin (0.015%)/garlic (2.0% dry powder)-containing diets for eight weeks. Erythrocytes isolated at the end of the study were analyzed for intracellular antioxidant molecules and antioxidant enzymes. Intracellular thiols and glutathione content in red blood cells were significantly depleted (by about 35%) in hypercholesterolemic rats. This depletion in intracellular thiols and glutathione was effectively countered by dietary spice principles – curcumin, capsaicin, and garlic. Glutathione reductase activity that was lowered in hypercholesterolemic conditions (by 25%) was completely countered by dietary spice principles and garlic. Activities of glutathione transferase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase in erythrocytes remained unchanged under hypercholesterolemic conditions. Although hemoglobin levels of erythrocytes were not affected, methemoglobin concentration was significantly increased in hypercholesterolemic rats. This alteration was partially countered by dietary spice principles. Significant fall in hepatic total thiols in the hypercholesterolemic situation was partially corrected by dietary spice treatment. Similarly, the lowered activities of hepatic antioxidant enzymes – glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase – in hypercholesterolemic rats were effectively countered by the dietary spices treatment.

Glutathione system in the blood of gastric cancer patients with various tumor histotypes and prevalence of the disease.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e16534-e16534
Author(s):  
Irina A. Goroshinskaya ◽  
Ekaterina I. Surikova ◽  
Elena M. Frantsiyants ◽  
Ludmila A. Nemashkalova ◽  
Polina S. Kachesova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Glutathione Transferase ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Cell Cancer ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Glutathione System ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

e16534 Background: The role of oxidative stress in tumor growth and the multifaceted functional significance of glutathione have led to an interest in studying the components of the glutathione-dependent system in gastric cancer (GC), which occupies a leading position in cancer incidence and mortality. The aim of this work was to study the functioning of the glutathione system in the red blood cells of patients with gastric cancer in a comparative aspect depending on the histotype of the tumor and the prevalence of the disease. Methods: The study included 89 patients with GC divided into 6 groups depending on the histotype of the tumor. Separately, the results of the study were analyzed in patients with T4 status according to TNM and in patients with stage IV cancer. The content of reduced glutathione and the activity of glutathione-dependent enzymes were studied by conventional spectrophotometric methods in the red blood cells of patients. Statistical processing of the results was performed using the Statistika 6.0 program with Student’s t-test for two independent groups. Results: An increase in the content of glutathione in patients with GC compared with the group without oncopathology was revealed. The maximum increase was observed in patients with low-grade adenocarcinoma - by 42.5%, while in signet ring cell cancer (SRCC) there was only a tendency to increase by 17.8%. Glutathione reductase activity was reduced in adenocarcinoma by 23.4-26.2% and did not change in SRCC. The activity of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase and glutathione transferase was increased in all groups and especially in SRCC - by 76% and 23-29%, respectively. In patients with T4 status and at stage 4 of the process, lower activity of the studied glutathione-dependent enzymes was revealed compared with all other groups of patients. Conclusions: The data indicate a greater functional potential of the glutathione system in SRCC. A significant increase in the activity of glutathione transferase with a sufficiently high level of reduced glutathione contributes to the development of treatment resistance in patients with SRCC.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Riboflavin Nucleotides by Mature Human Erythrocytes

Blood ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
BARBARA MANDULA ◽  
ERNEST BEUTLER
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Glucose Medium ◽  
Human Red Blood Cells ◽  
Glutathione Reductase Activity ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Turn Over

Abstract Intact human red blood cells can synthesize FAD and FMN from riboflavin. The rate of synthesis of FAD is linearly proportional to the concentration of riboflavin in the medium at levels below 0.9 µM. With 0.9 µM riboflavin, the rate of synthesis is about 0.1 mµmole FAD/ml. red blood cells/hour. Incubation of red blood cells with riboflavin can result in increased red cell glutathione reductase activity when the enzyme is measured in the absence of added FAD. This indicates that the FAD concentration in the red cells increased during the incubation. The rate of incorporation of radioactive riboflavin into red blood cells is the same whether the cells are suspended in plasma or in a phosphate-saline-glucose medium. The time it takes for half the FAD in normal human red blood cells to turn over is calculated to be about 6 days, assuming a single mixing pool of red cell FAD.

scholarly journals Effect of Cross-Sex Hormonal Replacement on Antioxidant Enzymes in Rat Retroperitoneal Fat Adipocytes

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Israel Pérez-Torres ◽  
Verónica Guarner-Lans ◽  
Alejandra Zúñiga-Muñoz ◽  
Rodrigo Velázquez Espejel ◽  
Alfredo Cabrera-Orefice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Enzymatic Activities ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Intact Female ◽  
Hormonal Replacement

We report the effect of cross-sex hormonal replacement on antioxidant enzymes from rat retroperitoneal fat adipocytes. Eight rats of each gender were assigned to each of the following groups: control groups were intact female or male (F and M, resp.). Experimental groups were ovariectomized F (OvxF), castrated M (CasM), OvxF plus testosterone (OvxF + T), and CasM plus estradiol (CasM + E2) groups. After sacrifice, retroperitoneal fat was dissected and processed for histology. Adipocytes were isolated and the following enzymatic activities were determined: Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and glutathione reductase (GR). Also, glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) were measured. In OvxF, retroperitoneal fat increased and adipocytes were enlarged, while in CasM rats a decrease in retroperitoneal fat and small adipocytes are observed. The cross-sex hormonal replacement in F rats was associated with larger adipocytes and a further decreased activity of Cu-Zn SOD, CAT, GPx, GST, GR, and GSH, in addition to an increase in LPO. CasM + E2exhibited the opposite effects showing further activation antioxidant enzymes and decreases in LPO. In conclusion, E2deficiency favors an increase in retroperitoneal fat and large adipocytes. Cross-sex hormonal replacement in F rats aggravates the condition by inhibiting antioxidant enzymes.

The protective effect of olive cake treatment on oxidant/antioxidant biomarkers, on serum, red blood cells and liver, in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats fed cholesterol-enriched diet

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 785-798
Author(s):  
Yahiaoui Zidan ◽  
Sherazede Bouderbala ◽  
Cherrad Hayet ◽  
Bouchenak Malika
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Olive Cake ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Enzymes Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes Activities

Purpose The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of olive cake (OC) on lipid peroxidation as well as antioxidant enzymes activities of serum, red blood cells (RBCs) and liver, in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced-diabetic rat fed cholesterol-enriched diet. Design/methodology/approach Hypercholesterolemic male rats were rendered diabetic (HC-D) by a single intraperitoneal injection dose of STZ (35 mg/kg BW). HC-D rats were divided into two groups fed for 28d a diet supplemented with OC at 7.5 percent (HC-D-OC) or not (HC-D). A control group (C) was submitted to standard diet containing 20 per cent casein for the same experimental period. Findings RBCs, serum and liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) contents were significantly increased in HC-D, compared to C group (p = 0.04, p = 0.02 and 0.03). These values were significantly decreased (48 per cent and 64 per cent; p = 0.02 and p = 0.0007) in serum and liver of HC-D-OC vs HC-D group. In RBCs, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities were, respectively, 1.5, 2- and 1.7-fold higher (p = 0.03, p = 0.008 and p = 0.03) in HC-D group compared to HC group. In serum and liver, SOD, CAT and GST activities were, respectively, 1.3-, 2.6- and 1.6-fold increased (p = 0.03, p = 0.007 and p = 0.02). In HC-D-OC compared to HC-D group, RBCs glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), CAT and GST activities were, respectively, 2.1-, 3.3- and 2.1-fold higher (p = 0.04, p = 0.0009 and p = 0.03). In serum, SOD and CAT activities were, respectively, 1.5- and 1.9-fold increased (p = 0.02, p = 0.02). In liver, SOD, GSH-PX, CAT and GST activities were significantly increased (p = 0.005, p = 0.03, p = 0.02 and p = 0.04). Originality/value In diabetic rats-fed cholesterol-enriched diet, OC was able to reduce oxidative stress by decreasing lipid peroxidation and increasing antioxidant enzymes activities in serum, RBCs and liver.

scholarly journals The relationship of antioxidant enzymes and some physiological parameters in maize during chilling

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Takáč
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Ascorbate Peroxidase ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Maize Seedlings ◽  
Maize Cultivars ◽  
Inhibition Of Growth ◽  
Glutathione Reductase Activity

The changes in some physiological parameters of maize seedlings in response to chilling were studied. The emphasis was laid upon their relationship to chilling induced alterations in antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase) activity. The exposure of maize seedlings to chilling caused substantial defects in the 4-day-old seedlings and the seedlings with two fully developed leaves, respectively. The membrane semipermeability perturbations and the loss of viability in the young seedlings were observed. Similarly, we found a decrease of chlorophyll content, appearance of necrotic lesions and inhibition of growth in older plants. The measurements of superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities provide an evidence of reactive oxygen species formation, that is assumed to be a reason of the found damages. Significant differences between two cultivars were found in the studied parameters. The electrolyte leakage and viability test provided effective methods for the characterization of the chilling tolerance-level in maize cultivars.

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