Glutathione reductase activity in red blood cells and riboflavin nutritional status in humans

1969 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahtab S. Bamji
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Glutathione Reductase Activity

scholarly journals Synthesis of Riboflavin Nucleotides by Mature Human Erythrocytes

Blood ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
BARBARA MANDULA ◽  
ERNEST BEUTLER
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Glucose Medium ◽  
Human Red Blood Cells ◽  
Glutathione Reductase Activity ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Turn Over

Abstract Intact human red blood cells can synthesize FAD and FMN from riboflavin. The rate of synthesis of FAD is linearly proportional to the concentration of riboflavin in the medium at levels below 0.9 µM. With 0.9 µM riboflavin, the rate of synthesis is about 0.1 mµmole FAD/ml. red blood cells/hour. Incubation of red blood cells with riboflavin can result in increased red cell glutathione reductase activity when the enzyme is measured in the absence of added FAD. This indicates that the FAD concentration in the red cells increased during the incubation. The rate of incorporation of radioactive riboflavin into red blood cells is the same whether the cells are suspended in plasma or in a phosphate-saline-glucose medium. The time it takes for half the FAD in normal human red blood cells to turn over is calculated to be about 6 days, assuming a single mixing pool of red cell FAD.

Antioxidant Status of Red Blood Cells and Liver in Hypercholesterolemic Rats Fed Hypolipidemic Spices

2004 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kempaiah ◽  
Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Glutathione Transferase ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Dietary Spices

Animal studies were carried out to examine the beneficial influence of known hypolipidemic spice principles – curcumin, capsaicin, and garlic – on the antioxidant status of red blood cells and liver under induced hypercholesterolemic conditions. Groups of experimental rats rendered hypercholesterolemic were maintained on curcumin (0.2%)/capsaicin (0.015%)/garlic (2.0% dry powder)-containing diets for eight weeks. Erythrocytes isolated at the end of the study were analyzed for intracellular antioxidant molecules and antioxidant enzymes. Intracellular thiols and glutathione content in red blood cells were significantly depleted (by about 35%) in hypercholesterolemic rats. This depletion in intracellular thiols and glutathione was effectively countered by dietary spice principles – curcumin, capsaicin, and garlic. Glutathione reductase activity that was lowered in hypercholesterolemic conditions (by 25%) was completely countered by dietary spice principles and garlic. Activities of glutathione transferase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase in erythrocytes remained unchanged under hypercholesterolemic conditions. Although hemoglobin levels of erythrocytes were not affected, methemoglobin concentration was significantly increased in hypercholesterolemic rats. This alteration was partially countered by dietary spice principles. Significant fall in hepatic total thiols in the hypercholesterolemic situation was partially corrected by dietary spice treatment. Similarly, the lowered activities of hepatic antioxidant enzymes – glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase – in hypercholesterolemic rats were effectively countered by the dietary spices treatment.

scholarly journals Familial deficiency of glutathione reductase in human blood cells

Blood ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Loos ◽  
D Roos ◽  
R Weening ◽  
J Houwerzijl
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Human Blood Cells ◽  
Glutathione Reductase Activity ◽  
Fava Beans

A virtually complete absence of glutathione reductase activity was found in the erythrocytes of all three children (one male, two females) from a consanguineous marriage. Intermediate values were found in the erythrocytes of both parents. The enzyme activity could not be restored either by addition of FAD in vitro or by administration of riboflavin in vivo. The amount of reduced glutathione in the erythrocytes was normal in each case. Severely diminished glutathione stability during incubation with acetylphenylhydrazine was observed in the erythrocytes of the siblings, as well as intermediate stability in the parents' red cells. Clinically, this deficiency was manifested by hemolytic crises after eating fava beans in the eldest daughter (patient), and possibly by cataracts in her own and in her brother's eyes. Very low activities of glutathione reductase were also found in the leukocytes of this family: 13%-15% of normal values for the children and 64%-66% for the parents. Moreover, the same deficiency was found in the purified white blood cells of the propositus: 8% of normal values in the polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells, 4% in the lymphocytes, and 15% in the monocytes, together with 11% in the platelets. Finally, we found an abnormal oxygen consumption of the propositus' PMNs after phagocytosis of zymosan particles, suggesting that the glutathione reductase reaction was involved in the bactericidal capacity of these cells.

Erythrocyte Glutathione Reductase Activity and Riboflavin Nutritional Status in Early-Weaned Piglets

2002 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 383-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giguère ◽  
Girard ◽  
Matte
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Biochemical Indicator ◽  
Glutathione Reductase Activity

The reliability of erythrocyte glutathione reductase activity (EGRAC) as an indicator of riboflavin (vitamin B2) status was determined in 36 piglets weaned at two weeks of age. Total B2 metabolites determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in plasma, red blood cells, and liver were used as reference values. There was no correlation between EGRAC values and total B2 metabolites either in circulation (r < 0.15, p > 0.08) or in liver (r < 0.01, p > 0.95). EGRAC does not appear to be a reliable biochemical indicator of vitamin B2 status in the pig.

scholarly journals Familial deficiency of glutathione reductase in human blood cells

Blood ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Loos ◽  
D Roos ◽  
R Weening ◽  
J Houwerzijl
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Human Blood Cells ◽  
Glutathione Reductase Activity ◽  
Fava Beans

Abstract A virtually complete absence of glutathione reductase activity was found in the erythrocytes of all three children (one male, two females) from a consanguineous marriage. Intermediate values were found in the erythrocytes of both parents. The enzyme activity could not be restored either by addition of FAD in vitro or by administration of riboflavin in vivo. The amount of reduced glutathione in the erythrocytes was normal in each case. Severely diminished glutathione stability during incubation with acetylphenylhydrazine was observed in the erythrocytes of the siblings, as well as intermediate stability in the parents' red cells. Clinically, this deficiency was manifested by hemolytic crises after eating fava beans in the eldest daughter (patient), and possibly by cataracts in her own and in her brother's eyes. Very low activities of glutathione reductase were also found in the leukocytes of this family: 13%-15% of normal values for the children and 64%-66% for the parents. Moreover, the same deficiency was found in the purified white blood cells of the propositus: 8% of normal values in the polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells, 4% in the lymphocytes, and 15% in the monocytes, together with 11% in the platelets. Finally, we found an abnormal oxygen consumption of the propositus' PMNs after phagocytosis of zymosan particles, suggesting that the glutathione reductase reaction was involved in the bactericidal capacity of these cells.

scholarly journals In Vivo Bioavailability of Selenium in Selenium-Enriched Streptococcus thermophilus and Enterococcus faecium in CD IGS Rats

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 463
Author(s):  
Gabriela Krausova ◽  
Antonin Kana ◽  
Marek Vecka ◽  
Ivana Hyrslova ◽  
Barbora Stankova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Streptococcus Thermophilus ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Glutathione Reductase Activity ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
The Individual

The selenium (Se) enrichment of yeasts and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) has recently emerged as a novel concept; the individual health effects of these beneficial microorganisms are combined by supplying the essential micronutrient Se in a more bioavailable and less toxic form. This study investigated the bioavailability of Se in the strains Enterococcus faecium CCDM 922A (EF) and Streptococcus thermophilus CCDM 144 (ST) and their respective Se-enriched forms, SeEF and SeST, in a CD (SD-Sprague Dawley) IGS rat model. Se-enriched LAB administration resulted in higher Se concentrations in the liver and kidneys of rats, where selenocystine was the prevalent Se species. The administration of both Se-enriched strains improved the antioxidant status of the animals. The effect of the diet was more pronounced in the heart tissue, where a lower glutathione reductase content was observed, irrespective of the Se fortification in LAB. Interestingly, rats fed diets with EF and SeEF had higher glutathione reductase activity. Reduced concentrations of serum malondialdehyde were noted following Se supplementation. Diets containing Se-enriched strains showed no macroscopic effects on the liver, kidneys, heart, and brain and had no apparent influence on the basic parameters of the lipid metabolism. Both the strains tested herein showed potential for further applications as promising sources of organically bound Se and Se nanoparticles.

scholarly journals Isoniazid acetylating phenotype in patients with paracoccidioidomycosis and its relationship with serum sulfadoxin levels, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glutathione reductase activities

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedito Barraviera ◽  
Paulo Câmara Marques Pereira ◽  
Jussara Marcondes Machado ◽  
Maria Julia de Souza ◽  
Carlos Roberto G. Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Slow Acetylators ◽  
Slow Acetylator ◽  
A Value ◽  
Acti Vity ◽  
Glutathione Reductase Activity ◽  
Glutathione Reductase Deficiency ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

The authors evaluated the isoniazid acetylating phenotype and measured hematocrit, hemoglobin, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glutathione reductase activities plus serum sulfadoxin levels in 39 patients with paracoccidioidomycosis (33 males and 6 females) aged 17 to 58 years. Twenty one (53.84%) of the patients presented a slow acetylatingphenotype and 18(46.16%) a fast acetylating phenotype. Glucose-6-phosphate- dehydrogenase (G6PD) acti vity was decreased in 5(23.80%) slow acetylators and in 4(22.22%) fast acetylators. Glutathione reductase activity was decreased in 14 (66.66%) slow acetylators and in 12 (66.66%) fast acetylators. Serum levels of free and total sulfadoxin Were higher in slow acetylator (p < 0.02). Analysis of the resultspermitted us to conclude that serum sulfadoxin levels are related to the acetylatorphenotype. Furthermore, sulfadoxin levels were always above 50 µg/ml, a value considered therapeutic. Glutathione reductase deficiency observed in 66% of patients may be related to the intestinal malabsorption of nutrients, among them riboflavin, a FAD precursor vitamin, inpatients with paracoceidioidomycosis.

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